数值

Finite element analysis of the rear face scabbing size is also performed. The equivalent material moduli of the steel-fiber reinforced concrete slabs are calculated by the equivalent inclusion method for the finite element model.

本研究中另以等价同质体法理论及有限元素数值模拟的方法，计算钢纤维混凝土板於遭受低速撞击后靶板背面之疤落破坏直径，其结果并与实验量测数据进行比对，俾验证数值计算分析之合理性与适用性。

It was proved through experiment that optimum passive numerical shimming can achieve a high level in superconducting NMR imaging magnets and it can be realized very easily and very economically. Field regression is not absolutely necessary in the technique of optimum passive numerical shimming, but it is useful to know the structure of the field error Bz'.

磁场回归在超导核磁共振成像主磁体的无源数值匀场技术中虽然并不是绝对必需的，但在对主磁体进行无源数值匀场时，如能知道成像空间内不均匀磁场的磁场偏差B〓的结构，也是非常有用的。

The porous media model of software FLUENT was introduced to simulate the 2D flow through permeable tetrahedrons,and an experiment was conducted to verify the simulation;With the simulation,the influence of parameters such as Re、relative width b/B and relative length l/B on the protected length downstream of permeable tetrahedrons was studied.

本文首次尝试利用Fluent软件的介质模型对经过四面体透水框架群的水流进行了平面二维数值模拟，通过模型验证，多孔介质模型能较好地用于四面体透水框架群模拟；另外，通过数值计算，研究了Re、相对宽度b/B、相对长度l/B对四面体透水框架群下游保护长度的影响。

Till now, there has not three-dimensional computation of radiation in system with complex geometry and fulled of inhomegeneous, absorpting and emitting medium existed in our country also. The author carries on three-dimensional computation of radiation in vectored nozzle for the first time, which undoubtedly establishes certain basis in this field.

此前我们国内还没有对复杂形状的系统内，不均匀吸收-发射性气体介质的辐射场的三维数值计算，本文率先对矢量喷管的辐射场进行了三维数值计算，为该领域的研究奠定了一定的基础。

The mechanism of instability wrinkling in the process based on minimum energy principle is revealed, uniform mathematic description of the wrinkling wave on the strip of in-plane bending is established, the internal and external energy is deduced by energy method, and a uniform criteria of internal and external wrinkling is established; then how to combine the criteria with the FEM simulation system to make the numerical prediction of wrinkling into reality is also resolved in the paper. The effects of the forming parameters on the deforming result are analyzed by the uniform predict criteria. The results show as follows: as the compress width increase, external wrinkling first come into being, then internal winkling do, and finally in-plane bend occur; the loading wedge angle increase, internal winkling first come into being, thenin-plane bend do, and finally external wrinkling occur; in-plane bend is possible to occur with a increase of the strain-hardening exponent and the strength coefficient; and the effect of the friction factor may be ignored.

2揭示了板带不均匀压下面内弯曲成形过程基于能量原理的失稳起皱机理，提出了统一的描述内外缘起皱波形的函数，采用变分法推导了服从该波形函数的内外缘起皱能，建立了统一的起皱预测准则；将新建立的统一的起皱预测准则引入到数值模拟系统IBS中，数值预测结果与实验结果的吻合较好；分析了成形过程各参数对起皱的影响规律：随着接触变形区宽度的逐渐增大，先是发生外缘起皱，然后发生内缘起皱，进而才出现稳定成形；随着实际加载楔角的增大，先是发生内缘起皱，然后发生稳定成形，进而出现外缘起皱；硬化指数和强化系数增大，易于稳定成形；摩擦因子对起皱的影响不明显；而且接触变形区宽度对起皱的影响最大。

In the fifth chapter, the stall regulated wind turbines are simulated on the zero-yaw and yawed configurations. The former are solved under non-inertial rotating coordinate system and the latter under inertial coordinate system.

第五章为风轮叶片的流场数值模拟，对失速限制型风轮叶片(NREL Phase-Ⅵ)在轴流和偏航状态下的流场进行了数值模拟，其中轴流状态采用在旋转坐标系下进行求解的方法，研究了风轮叶片在经历失速前后的流场变化、桨叶载荷分布，对所产生的扭矩、以及附加的在挥舞和摆振方向的力矩进行了分析。

This method can be used in all kinds of metal junctions.

论文详细地讨论了数值分析过程，并给出样例的数值结果。此种方法具有很大的通用性，可以用于各类金属结点的分析。

Finally, the numerical simulation approach of tool wear was studid on the basis of numerical simulation of SPIF, and the process parameters on the impact of the tool wear were researched.

最后，在渐进成形数值分析的基础上，探讨了对工具头磨损进行数值模拟分析的方法和流程，并通过仿真，研究了工艺参数对工具磨损的影响关系。

Through the establishment of the eight-node hexahedral elements describing continuous variation of the thickness of adjacent elements, the involved nonlinear anisotropic elasto-plastic material model, the control strategies of the dynamic load of trajectories and so on, the FEM model of SPIF was reasonable planed.

通过建立能够描述邻接单元厚度连续变化的八节点六面体实体单元、涉及材料各向异性的非线性弹塑性材料模型、和工具头运动轨迹动态加载的控制策略等数值模拟中的关键性问题，对适用于金属板材单点渐进成形数值模拟分析的有限元模型的建立进行合理规划。

According to the researching actualities in ring rolling, this paper researched deeply the basic law of rolling deformation by simulation using ABAQUS software on the base of ring rolling theory and elastic-plastic kinematics explicit FEM. And the residual stress in cold ring rolling was computed by numerical simulation.The mass scaling measures in finite element simulation of ring rolling were researched.

本文针对环件轧制的研究现状，基于环件轧制理论和弹塑性动力显式有限元法，以ABAQUS有限元分析软件为平台，以数值模拟的方式对环件轧制变形的一些基本规律进行更深入的研究，并对环件冷轧时的残余应力进行数值模拟计算。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。