数值

Numerical simulation of dropwise condensation heat transfer of steam on copper, stainless steel, zinc, carbon steel surfaces were performed using the model of dropwise condensation heat transfer.

同时编制了珠状凝结换热的数值计算程序，并对不同压力下铜表面以水为介质的珠状凝结换热进行了数值模拟。

The numerical simulation results agree satisfactorily with the existing experimental results of dropwise condensation heat transfer on copper surface over a wide range of pressures.

本论文应用随机分形模型来描述珠状凝结液滴的空间分布和尺度分布，在此基础上实现了珠状凝结换热的直接数值模拟，并将此方法推广到核态池沸腾换热的数值模拟中，这在国内外尚属首次。

We mainly discuss three types of inpainting models: the Bayesian model, geometric models and PDE models with emphasis on investigating TV inpainting, elastica inpainting and Mumford- Shah inpainting of PDE models. After studying the level set method and its applications to image processing, we concentrate on discussing the inpainting model...

在介绍水平集法及其在图像处理方面的应用之后，进一步深入地讨论了一类图像修复的变分模型—Mumford-Shah-Euler模型，在此基础上利用水平集法，提出MSE模型的数值逼近的算法格式，并对一些具体的图像修复问题开展数值模拟和修复，深入分析了MSE模型及水平集法在图像修复中的优缺点，这些结果在理论和实际应用中都很有意义。

There are three kinds of research methods including resolution method, numerical value method and test method to common disasters under condition of faultage,slope, flood and ground sink.

国内外关于管道在断层、斜坡、洪水和地面塌陷等常见灾害形式下的研究可归纳为解析法、数值法和试验法3种，其中解析法计算方便，便于工程应用；数值法灵活，可模拟较真实的工况条件；实验法更加直观，对于研究管线宏观变形意义较强。

In coal gasification techniques, the gasifier is the key equipment which directly affects gasification characteristics, therefore flameless oxidant technology was applied to the design of new gasifier for high ash melting coal, and gasification characteristics in the gasifier were carried out by not only experiments under cold state and therma1 state, but also numerical simulations in this paper.

由于气化炉是煤气化技术中的最关键设备，因此，本文以高灰熔点煤的高效气化为背景，归纳分析了各种先进干煤粉气流床气化炉的炉型结构，将无焰氧化技术应用于粉煤气化，提出了一种基于无焰氧化的新型干法进料煤粉气化炉，进行了炉内冷态、煤粉气化的热态试验和数值计算，分析了高灰熔点煤在该气化炉中的气化特性，并以此为基础，对气化炉的结构进行了优化，提出了无焰氧化分级气化炉，对高灰熔点煤在该气化炉中气化特性进行了数值计算与分析。

Mathematical model and numerical methods of stress fieldsimulation during foun dry process are studied, future research emphasises are pointed out.

分析了应力场数值模拟采用的数理模型和数值方法，指出了存在的问题，明确了今后的研究重点。

The joint inversion of some geodynamical parameters and numerical simulating the crustal stress field is presented in this paper. The four nodes quadratic finite element in Chinese area is constructed and the "split node" technique is employed for introducing the fault parameters into the finite element computation.

讨论了利用地应力主方向和GPS资料联合反演与之相关的地球动力学参数及数值模拟地壳应力场的方法，建立了中国及其邻区的四节点有限元模型，解决了有限元数值解算中节点位移不连续的问题。

The result shows that the numerical calculation based on strength reduction echnique can not only consider the geomorphy, geologic structure and reinforce measure but also the constitutive relationship of rock and the interaction between structure and slope.

研究表明，基于强度折减法的数值计算可以像数值模拟方法那样既考虑三维效应明显的地形地貌、地质结构和加固方式等，又考虑岩土体的本构关系和支挡结构与坡体的相互作用，还可以像极限平衡法那样计算安全系数，却不用指定滑面。

The results of numerical analysis show that the elastic modular and the poisson ratio have no effect on two-dimensional bearing capacity, but can affect the ultimate bearing capacity of three-dimensional foundations and control the convergence and precision of finite element calculation; the earth pressure coefficient controls the geostatic stress of foundation, sequentially affects the ultimate bearing capacity of foundations and the convergence of numerical calculation. When calculating the ultimate bearing capacity of undrained saturated foundation, the complete formulation exists shear locking, and reduce formulation exists hourglassing, so the hybrid formulation is suitable to imitate the geomaterial. When the soil obeys nonrelevent flow rule, the yielding function is different from potential function, and the elastic-plastic matrix of soil is asymmetric, so the unsymmetry numerical solver and appropriate finite element mesh is required.

研究结果表明，土体弹性模量和泊松比对二维基础极限承载力没有影响，但是影响着三维矩形基础的极限承载力，控制着ABAQUS数值算法的计算精度与收敛速度；地基土压力系数控制着地基土体中的地应力平衡，从而影响着二维条形基础和三维矩形基础的极限承载力和地基破坏包络面；对于不排水饱和软黏土地基，常规的完全积分单元会造成剪力自锁现象，而减缩积分单元则存在过于柔化的现象，故采用杂交单元来模拟较合适；当土体服从非关联流动法则时，屈服函数与塑性势函数之间存在差异，从而导致土体弹塑性矩阵呈现非对称性，在有限元计算中必须采用非对称数值解法，并且合理地划分单元才能对极限承载力进行准确求解。

By means of numerical simulation software 2D-σ for geotechnic engineering,this paper analyzes the effect of bolt grouting support in soft rock roadways .

采用岩土工程数值模拟软件 2D -σ，对软岩巷道锚注支护效果进行了数值模拟研究。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。