数值

In this article, the process of linear departing installation by fire work is mumerically simulated by ANSYS/LS-DYNA, and discusses how to increase the accurateness of numerical simulation.

本文采用ANSYS/LS-DYNA软件对线性火工分离装置的爆炸过程进行数值模拟，并通过对数值模拟理论的分析和比较，探讨了进一步提高数值模拟准确性的方法。

There are several examples of the advection, hyperbolic system and wave problems discussed in this present work.

数值结果皆与解析解或数值解比对结果良好，证明本文所提出的无网格数值方法对於波动问题具有高度精度、一致性与效率。

As important ways for numerical solutions of partial differential equations, spectral methods have been developed rapidly in the past several decades. They not only have been widely applied to numerical simulations in various fields such as physics, mechanics, aerology, oceanics etc, and their theories of numerical analysis also tend to perfect.

作为数值求解的一种手段，谱方法在近几十年得到了蓬勃的发展，它不仅被广泛运用于物理、力学、大气、海洋等领域的数值计算，而且它的数值分析理论也不断地趋于完善。

The results in these three regions have been given that (1) Ephedra, as dry and desert vegetation, the average percents are 7.7 in Yang Lake, 4.2 in Kunlun Rive, 7.5 in Doucuo Lake, and the datum in Yang Lake is higher than others;(2) Gramineae, as humid vegetation, the average percents are 1.2 in Yang Lake, 4.9 in Kunlun Rive, 12.0 in Kuhai Lake, increasing gradually from west to east;(3) Artemisia, as humid vegetation, the average percents are 22.2 in Yang Lake, 43.6 in Kunlun Rive, 48.8 in Kuhai Lake, increasing gradually from west to east, too;(4) Chenopodiaceae, as dry vegetation, the average percents are 52.1 in Yang Lake, 42.4 in Kunlun Rive, 11.5 in Kuhai Lake, however, decreasing gradually from west to east;(5) Artemisia/Chenopodiaceae ,the average data, as environmental changing index, are 0.45 in Yang Lake, 1.23 in Kuniun Rive, 5.59 in Kuhai Lake, increasing gradually from west to east, and there is higher data scope during 3.0~4.3 ka BP in these two lake sediment profiles, then decreasing;(6) Ephedra/Artemisia, data are all increased but the amplitude is different, such as 0.45 in Yang Lake, 0.34 in Kunlun Rive, 0.28 in Kuhai Lake, decreasing gradually from west to east.

代表气候湿润的禾本科花粉平均百分含量，三个地区分别为：1.2%、4.9%、12.0%，从西向东数值逐渐升高。③代表气候湿润的蒿属花粉平均百分含量，三个地区分别为：22.2%，43.6%，48.8%，从西向东数值逐渐升高。④代表气候干旱的草科花粉平均百分含量，三个地区分别为：52.1%，42.4%，11.5%，从西向东数值逐渐降低。⑤依据蒿属、藜科花粉百分含量，计算出环境变化指标，蒿属／藜科值，三个地区的平均值分别为：0.45，1.23，5.59，从西向东比值逐渐升高，⑥麻黄属／蒿属值，在全新世晚期，三个地区都呈上升趋势，但幅度存在差异，分别为：0.45，0.34，0.28，从西向东数值逐渐降低。

The particle size distribution fractal was introduced into powders' flowability testing, through used the mathematical model which utilize the geometry properties of the particle, and propitious to the digital micrographic image analysis method. It was gained the fractal dimensions, discussed the relationship between the powders' flowability denotation parameters and powders' PSDF, and also made a primary research about the action effect of flow addition reagent magnesium stearate.

本文中在颗粒流动性测试时引入粒度分布分形维数，通过采用利用颗粒几何特征，便于采用数字显微和用像处理计算粉体粒度分布分形维数值的数学模型，得到粉体粒度分布分形维数值，探讨颗粒流动性表征参数与粉体粗度分布分形维数值间的关系；并就流动助剂硬脂酸镁对粉体流动性能的改进与粉体粒度分布分形维数值关系进行了初步探讨。

Chapter 4 of this dissertation has carried out a physical simulation study about the processes of formation and laws of evolution of the fan delta in Baimiao gas field. Based on the results of the study about the geological background in this area, this paper has discussed about the sedimentation facies marks for the fan delta in Baimiao gas field, worked out a detailed proposal about the development of physical simulation experiment about the fan delta, and described in detail the general laws and major controlling factors governing the sedimentation processes of the fan delta. A detailed measurement was made about the experimental results, and a systematic comparison was made relative to the prototypic characteristics. Based on the observation and description about the experimental processes and the analyses about the experimental results, this paper has give

在本章中，指出了数值模拟研究的基本特点，给出了扇三角洲形成过程的基本控制方程和数学解法：在此基础上设计和开发了扇三角洲形回成过程的平面二维数值模拟软件，并对计算过程中所遇到的主要问题一计算速度较慢开展研究，对比了以天、旬、月为时间单元进行汁算对沉积结果的影响，研究认为，在流量无突变的情况下，可以适当增长计算的时间步长和适当放松精度要求；根据白庙气田扇三角洲的基本地质特征设计了数值模拟计算的基本条件，以月为单位，计算了扇三角洲四百年的形成过程及演化规律，并以50年为单位输出沉积结果；本章最后还对数值模拟方法及结果进行了讨论。

It effectively solves the problem of contact mechanics between burden granules. The dynamic data structure that is a linked list is built to save and delete the varying data in simulation calculation process. Therefore, the distinct element method simulation model of charging bell-less top blast furnace is established in view of the distinct element method model of blast furnace burden granular.

本文首先对离散单元法的基本原理和数值计算方法进行了系统研究，针对高炉炉料颗粒介质特点，对离散单元法进行了相应改进，建立了高炉炉料颗粒运动的离散单元法基本数学模型，推导出了相应的高炉炉料颗粒离散单元法数值计算基本参数的计算公式，例如阻尼、刚度、时步等，并确定了合理的数值模拟参数值。

The one-dimensional complete hydrodynamic model for border irrigation based on the hybrid numerical method can obviously increase computational stability and convergence, and effectively improve computational precision and efficiency, and provide a good numerical simulation tool for the design of border irrigation system and performance evaluation.

基于混合数值解法的一维畦灌全水动力学数值模拟方法可明显增强数值计算的稳定性和收敛性，有效提高了计算精度和效率，为开展畦灌系统设计与性能评价提供了可靠的数值模拟手段。

The tracer migration that the tracer concentration continuously injecting into semi-infinite sand column(initialization velocity is zero) and the pollutant continuously enter into aquifer through a discharging well that completely enter into the dive aquifer are two representative groundwater pollution problems ,Then this paper respectively sets above two decided solution problems and the union simulation problem of groundwater and solute as examples, from the question description, the mathematical model selection and determination, the parameters selecting to carry on the value computation, the read-write of attribute data , visualizes by the IDL programs, carries on the numerical simulation and the visualization post-processing to the above groundwater pollution problems, and according to the numerical solution and the solute migration curves, briefly analyzes and predicts the temporal and spatial distribution features and distribution range of contaminant concentration.

然后分别以半无限长沙柱中连续注入示踪剂浓度的运移、污染物通过一完全进入潜水层的排放井连续进入含水层这两个典型地下水污染定解问题及地下水流和水质联合模拟问题为例，从问题描述、数学模型选取确定、参数选取到运用IDL编程进行数值计算、属性数据读写、可视化，对上述地下水污染问题进行数值模拟和可视化的后处理，并根据数值模拟的数值结果和溶质运移曲线，对污染物浓度的分布范围及随时空变化趋势作了简要分析预测。

In this paper, the mechanisms of the generation, migration and production for coal seam gas are researched and the geological model for coal seam gas reservoir simulation is presented, according to the theories and methods of coal seam gas geology, petroleum geology and dynamic of fluids through porous media. A three-dimensional, dual-porosity, two-phase, pseudo-steady, non-equilibrium sorption mathematical model is established with the help of petroleum reservoir numerical simulation method. After that, this complex mathematical mode is approximated and solved by finite-difference and fully implicit methods. Coal Seam Gas Reservoir Simulation software in 1. 0 version (CSGRS 1. 0) with Chinese interface of pre-and post-processing function is developed.

本文应用煤层气地质学、石油天然气地质学和渗流力学等学科的理论和方法，研究了煤储层中煤层气的生成、储集、运移和产出机理，概化出了煤层气储层模拟的地质模型；以油气藏数值模拟和数值计算方法为工具，建立了描述三维、双孔隙、非平衡吸附、拟稳态条件下气-水两相流体混相运移规律的煤层气储层模拟的数学模型；详细推导出了该数学模型的全隐式求解方法；并借助计算机技术开发了具有中文操作界面的煤层气储层数值模拟软件CSGRS 1.0，实现了这一复杂数学模型的数值求解。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。