数值

Numerical simulation is dominating part of CAT, also the core of this work.

数值计算是计算机辅助优化数值试验的重要环节之一，也是本文的侧重点。

Because the Dot Product returns values between 1 and -1, the values are much more convenient to work with in the shading network.

因为数量积返回的数值在1到－1之间，这个数值是在材质网络里更方便地工作。

Using this method, the DSMC program is developed to simulate flows in transitional region around a sphere double cone and Apollo capsule, and the aerodynamic and thermal characteristics around the supersonic and hypersonic vehicles is investigated.

在此基础上建立了一套DSMC数值模拟程序，对球双锥和Apollo飞船在过渡区域流动进行了数值模拟，并分析了其过渡区域超音速、高超音速的气动力、气动热等问题。

This class is templated on both unit type and value type, with the latter defaulting to double-precision floating point if not otherwise specified.

这个类的模板参数为单位类型和数值类型，数值类型默认为双精度符点数(double-precision floating point)。

The main works in this paper are as follows:(1). In this thesis, a new method, continuous linearization model, is constructed for the non-linear dynamic systems. The precision Duhamel integration solution for the linearization equation is also given from the theory of linear differential equation. The calculating results show that the new method can improve the calculation precision greatly. In fact, the truncation error is not limited by this method, it can arrive the precision according to the requirement.

本文的主要工作有以下几个方面：(1)由于非线性项的存在，使得多数情况下难以得到非线性动力方程的解析解表达式，目前常使用数值积分方法来求解非线性动力学方程的解，但常规计算方法的计算精度不很理想，本文提出了含Taylor展开项中高阶余项的非线性动力方程的线性化数值计算方法，构造了瞬态线性化方程，给出了Duhamel积分的表达式。

Based on the theory of large eddy simulation and the method of VOF , the initial breakup process of fuel liquid jet, which eject from the nozzle exit at the time scale of micro-second level, is investigated. The mechanism of primary atomization is analyzed, and the initial breakup model of liquid jet is presented. By modeling and numerical simulation of atomization for a diesel nozzle under the given conditions, the initial umbrella-like spray shapes are obtained, which fits better with the experimental results. Meanwhile, the droplets secondary breakup process, such as leeward RT breakup, dumbbell-like breakup and droplets coalescence, etc. are exhibited visually.

基于大涡模拟LES理论和VOF方法，考察了燃油喷雾初始时刻即时间尺度为微秒级的液柱破碎过程，分析了初始破碎的机理，给出了该时间尺度下液柱初始破碎过程的模型；通过对一特定条件下的柴油机喷油器的建模和喷雾过程的大涡数值模拟，获得了液柱初始时刻"伞状头部"的喷雾形态，所得计算结果与相应的试验数据符合较好；数值模拟还直观地展现了液滴背风RT破碎、哑铃型破碎以及液滴的聚集融合等液滴的二次雾化过程。

Using this method proposed in this thesis, superplastic free bulging process of duralumin LY12CZ under an external electric field is analysed, both with the constant pressure and with the constant strain rate at the apex.

将此解析—数值混合分析法应用于LY12CZ铝合金在强电场中的超塑性自由胀形过程的数值模拟，其中包括恒定胀形压力和恒定应变速率两种情况。

In this paper,a numerical solution for radial journal bearings with liquid hydro-dynamic lubrication is analysed, numerical expressions for oil fiton pressure, bearing capacity , friction moment,and leakage at the bearing ends are derived,bearing capacity,flow rate, friction moment,and eccentric angle of the load under 14 different temperatures and 14 different load eccentricities are calculated.

采用数值法分析解算液体动压向心滑动轴承，推导了油膜压力、承载力、摩擦力矩和端泄流量等的数值表达形式，计算了14个不同温度点及14种不同偏心率下的承载力、流量、摩擦力矩、载荷偏位角，并通过AUTOCAD绘制了它们之间的影响曲线。认为偏心率及油温对承载力影响很大，设计时应加以限制。

Results: For CRF rats which made by fed with feedingstuff contains 0.75% of adenine for 4 weeks, the weight of model control group rats were lighter than that of Yi Shen Granule groups rats. The water wastage of Yi Shen Granule groups rats were less than that of model control group rats. Compared urine volume, the ejectable quantity of Na, K, Cl and proteinuria in 12 hours , the data of Yi Shen Granule groups rats were less than that of model control rats. The specific gravity of Yi Shen Granule groups rats was higher than that of model control rats. The numerical value of RBC, HGB, HCT, MCV, MCH in model control group was lower than that in Yi Shen Granule groups. The content of BUN and Cre in serum of model control groups rats were higher than that of Yi Shen Granule groups. The results of excretion test of phenolsulfonphthalein showed that the RPF of Yi Shen Granule groups rats was larger than that of model control group rats.

结果： 益肾颗粒可以使0.75%腺嘌呤饲喂法致大鼠慢性肾衰模型动物体重增长加快；给药后观察，给药组动物饮水量较少，12小时尿量、12小时钠、氯、尿蛋白排泄总量均显著低于模型组动物，尿液比重值较大；模型组动物的RBC、HGB、HCT、MCV、MCH等指标的数值较给药组动物的数值小；给药组动物血清中BUN和Cre的含量较低；给药组动物酚红排泄率均高于模型组动物；给药30天，处死各组动物，尸解观察，模型对照组动物肾脏呈灰白色，各给药组动物肾脏表面均出现不同程度的红、白相兼的颗粒状纹理，各组动物肾脏均肿大，切面可见不同程度的腺嘌呤结晶沉积。

The schemes presented in the present paper can be used for solving general problems, and their basic ideas can be directly used for treating elastic scattering problems as well as for establishing schemes for velocity and density inversion.

所建立的数值计算方案具有普遍的适用性，其基本思想可以直接用于解决弹性波散射的数值模拟问题并用于反演密度和速度。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。