敬称的

Used as a courtesy title for a younger son of a duke or marquis.

阁下，大人：用作对公爵或侯爵年轻的儿子的敬称

Toyoda said, using a standard honorific for the two men.

他在话中使用了标准的敬称。

Courtesy appellation is not only the basic lexis of Chinese,but also an important means of the allegations.

谦敬称谓词是汉语的常用词汇，也是汉语重要的指称手段。

And the findings are listed as follows: firstly, at the level of phonology, in displayed questions, teachers tend to employ more falling tones than rising tones, while their students use rising tones in questions; secondly, at the level of lexes, teachers use negative evaluative words, medium, high value modal expressions and the vocative expressions.

在词汇方面，教师使用负面评价性词汇、中性和高性的情态用语和学生全名称呼语方式；而学生使用了无评价性词汇、低性情态用语和教师敬称。

Through the survey we found that the characteristics of courtesy appellation in middle ancient times are: first, two-syllable words developed rapidly;second,with regard to the word construction,the endocentric construction was the main method,the complement one took the second place and very few other ways, and some morphemes that mean honorific or modest came into being;third,a lot of special honorific titles but extensive honorific titles absent; fourth,many nones honorific-indicated often added to surnames or names ; fifth, some monosyllabic honorific titles to the second person pronoun were the trends of transformation .

通过调查我们发现中古时期谦敬称谓的特点是：一、双音节词迅猛发展；二、构词方式以偏正式为主，附加式次之，其他方式很少，且出现了一些构词能力极强的表敬和表谦语素；三、专用尊称极多但泛尊称缺位；四、有不少表敬名词常常添加在姓氏名字之后；五、部分单音节表敬称谓词有向第二人称代词转化的趋势。

When the verb '' and its respectful counterpart '' are used in the pattern '-//', it expresses the speaker's request for something or offer to do something for someone else.

当动词''和它的尊敬称''用在此'-//'格式中时，表达的意思是说话者对某事的要求或者主动提出为某人做某事。

Mullahs and censors railed against male love, but men of all walks of life, from Caliphs to porters, delighted in it and all looked forward to being attended by "unaging youths as beautiful as pearls" once in paradise .

毛拉（伊斯兰教国家对老师、学者的敬称）和监察官们并不赞同同性爱，但从哈里发到守门人，各行各业的人们却乐在其中，他们希望哪怕到了天堂也会有"美若珍珠的少年"相伴左右。

Contains a proper noun or proper-noun phrase referring to a person, possibly including any or all of the person's forenames, surnames, honorifics, added names, etc.

包含一个人名，可能是任何或全部属於该人物的名字、姓氏、敬称、或附加名等。

Whereas, English deictic system is very simple for it has no self-abasing terms, fewer honorifics and its kinship terms are never used as social deixis.

红楼梦》中总计出现了406个不同的称谓，其中有大量的敬称，谦称和极为庞杂的亲属称谓。

On dealing with the self-abasing terms, both adopt the method of omission to be accord with the readers' expectation; On honorifics, Yang Xianyi mainly uses the method of foreignization, aiming to introduce Chinese culture to the western country, while David Hawks mainly adopts the method of domestication with the focus on the target readers and omits the honorifics as many as possible; On kinship terms, Yang's translation is simpler than Hawks'.

而在敬称的翻译上，杨译为传播中华文化，基本上采取异化的策略，霍译则主要考虑到读者的接受程度而尽量采用归化的方法。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。