散焦

When one element of an N-element array is aberrated, the most sensitive aberration is Piston error, and then the sensitive aberrations are element defocus, tilt, spherical aberration, coma and astigmatism. As for four aperture system, the influence of Piston error is 2 times larger than that of defocus, and 4 times larger than that of astigmatism.

在合成孔径成像系统单个子孔径存在像差的情况下，Piston误差对系统的影响最大，其次是离焦误差、倾斜误差、球差、彗差和像散，对于四孔径系统，Piston误差对系统的影响几乎是离焦误差的2倍，像散的4倍。

In a caustics experimental system, high-quality whole-field caustics images are digitally recorded.

在数字焦散线实验系统中进行实验，获得了清晰的全场焦散线数字图象。

Usecaustics"- flag to enable caustics if a render mode supporting it is selected, default 0

U2 b- t 启用焦散的旗标，如果渲染模式支持焦散，它会被选取。预设值为0。

We studied the nonlinear optical properties of fullerene and its arylatedderivative.They both exhibit weak self-defocusing and strong RSA.

研究了芳化富勒烯及富勒烯的非线性光学性质，它们都具有弱的非线性自散焦和较强的反饱和吸收。

What he sees, he explained, is largely shapes and light variations, sort of an out-of-focus image.

他解释说，他所能看到的大致的形状，光线的变化，看到模糊的散焦图像。

Chirp scaling algorithm is considered more efficient and widely applicable when the bistatic SAR system is in side-look or small squint angle mode,but in large squint angle case,the errors caused by Taylor expansion are so large that the algorithm could lose its precision.In such a case,an equivalent mono-static SAR range mode which has fewer errors than Taylor expansion with large squint angle is proposed to substitute the range history of bistatic SAR.Then bistatic SAR images with large squint angles are gotten by common Nonlinear CS algorithm.The effectivity of the method is verified by Matlab simulation.

在正侧视或小斜视情况下，CS算法具有较好的聚焦性能和广泛的适用性，但在斜视角较大的情况下，该算法将散焦而不能成像，因而提出了用等效的单基地距离模型来代替双基地距离历史的方法，解决了大斜视角情况下距离模型二阶近似误差较大的问题，并结合单基地非线性CS算法，实现了在大斜视角情况下的基于GPS反射信号的双基地SAR高精度成像，最后通过Matlab仿真进行了验证。

a system of along-track mode sar based on the gps is established.by seeing the gps signal as a chirp,chirp scaling algorithm of this mode with large squint angle is investigated.chirp scaling algorithm is considered more efficient and widely applicable when the bistatic sar system is in side-look or small squint angle mode,but in large squint angle case,the errors caused by taylor expansion are so large that the algorithm could lose its precision.in such a case,an equivalent mono-static sar range mode which has fewer errors than taylor expansion with large squint angle is proposed to substitute the range history of bistatic sar.then bistatic sar images with large squint angles are gotten by common nonlinear cs algorithm.the effectivity of the method is verified by matlab simulation.

摘 要：建立了基于gps的顺轨sar系统模型，通过将gps信号等效为chirp信号，研究了在该模式下的大斜视角chirp scaling算法。在正侧视或小斜视情况下，cs算法具有较好的聚焦性能和广泛的适用性，但在斜视角较大的情况下，该算法将散焦而不能成像，因而提出了用等效的单基地距离模型来代替双基地距离历史的方法，解决了大斜视角情况下距离模型二阶近似误差较大的问题，并结合单基地非线性cs算法，实现了在大斜视角情况下的基于gps反射信号的双基地sar高精度成像，最后通过matlab仿真进行了验证。

The transformation between self-focusing and self-defocusing of the sample for different pulse widths was observed.

样品在不同脉宽激光激发下呈现自聚焦-自散焦间的转化。

Defocus control doesn't mean soft focus, it means background softness control.

&散焦控制并不意味着软聚焦，它意味着&背景疲软的控制。

Based on the sense of Glass constant in photovoltaic effect,a theoretical model for carriers competition effect in photovoltaic solitons forming proces...

基于此，分析了折射率变化为负的光生伏打晶体在背景光和信号光Glass常量比大于1条件下的载流子竞争效应，得到了与实验现象和已知理论分析相一致的结论。研究表明，背景光引起的载流子竞争效应是影响晶体自散焦向自聚焦特性转换的内在物理本质。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。