散

The saplings of tree species Schima superba, Castanopsis fissa and understory shrub species Psychotria rubra, Ardisia quinquegona were grown for 8 months under 100%, 36% or 16% of full sunlight.

4种植物生长于 10 0 %、36 %和 16 %的自然光下 8个月，叶片的光化学速率和热能耗散速率随光强增大而提高，热能耗散占总的光能吸收的比例也因光强不同而改变，16 %光下的相对热耗散率约为 40 %～ 45 %，10 0 %自然光下增大至 5 0 %～ 75 %。

In Chapter 4, using the points of view of dissipative theory, the dissipative structure characteristics of ecological-economic system in the Changjiang River basin is analyzed, the development course and evolution characteristic of the ecological-economic system in the Changjiang River basin is demonstrated, and at last the negentropy sources and the entropy value of the ecological-economic system in the Changjiang River basin is radicated.

第四章运用耗散结构观分析研究了长江流域生态经济系统耗散结构特征，并用耗散结构理论论证了长江流域生态经济系统演变过程与演化特征，最后确立了长江流域生态经济系统的负熵源与熵值。

In this paper, the relation between percent frequency effect of real part, image part and module of complex resistivity of shaly sands is studied.

研究了复电阻率实部频散度、模的频散度以及虚部频散度和含水饱和度的关系。

Results ①Five days after abdominal application of Xiaoji power(0.1 g per mouce),the medicine showed a very significant effect in enhancing gastrointestinal propulsive function.② Xiaoji powder not only had relaxing effect on the normal smooth muscle in vitro,but also had a strong spasmolytic effect on acetylcholine,green bariuminduced spasm of intestinal smooth muscle.The experiment was based on 10 μg atropine sulfate as a positive control to carry out control experiments.It showed the graphics of atropine sulfate in spasmolytic role.③Xiaoji powder navel paste therapy played a positive role in adjusting the gastrointestinal electric disorder caused by deficiency of spleen Qi,and could restore it to its normal state.

结果 （1）以0.1 g/只消积散给予小鼠腹部用药5 d，即显示非常显著的增强胃肠推进功能作用；（2）消积散不仅对正常离体平滑肌有舒张作用，同时对由于乙酰胆碱、氯化钡引起的肠平滑肌痉挛也有强的解痉作用，该实验是以硫酸阿托品10 μg作为阳性对照药进行对照实验，显示了硫酸阿托品的解痉作用图形；（3）消积散敷脐对脾虚引起的胃肠电紊乱有明显的调节作用，使脾虚大鼠的胃肠电基本恢复到正常状态。

According to the development characteristics of regional caprocks,great efforts have been made to analyse the effect of it on oil and gas accumulation and preservation in different aspects. We consider regional caprocks to be the good barriers to prevent oil and gas in free phase from escaping. If uncompacted and possessing abnormal pore fluid pressure,regional caprocks are the barriers to prevent oil and gas in water dissolving phase from escaping.

根据区域性盖层的发育特征，从不同侧面对其在油气聚集与保存中所起的作用进行了深入分析，认为区域性盖层通常是阻止游离相油气逸散的良好区域物性屏障；如果其欠压实，具异常孔隙流体压力，它还可以成为阻止水溶相油气逸散的区域压力屏障；如果其再具生烃能力，还可以成为阻止扩散相天然气逸散的区域浓度屏障。

The static experiment is done. In this paper, first I introduce some characteristics of the nano-fluids such as motion. The parallel laser is used to illuminate vertically the nano-particle producing dynamic speckle. The Laser speckle velocity is underlain by the fact that movement of a diffuse object illuminated by coherent light results in a random time variation of a speckle pattern observed in both the image plane and the diffraction field.

在描述了纳米流体的基本特点，以及根据布朗运动理论纳米流体的运动特性的基础上，考虑到将采用激光垂直照射纳米流体，由纳米颗粒散射的光线将互相干涉形成散斑的测试方法，从理论上推导了纳米颗粒的运动速度和散斑运动速度的关系，得到了在菲涅尔衍射区域，散斑的移动速度等于纳米粒子的移动速度的结论。

In order to testify the reliability of the approximate approach, the calculated value of volumetrically averaged energy dissipation rate based on the approximate approach are compared with the calculated results from an analytical equation derived on the thermodynamic laws and using the universally accepted equations for the friction factor.

为了检验能量耗散率近似算法的可靠性，将按近似算法计算得到的管内湍流体均能量耗散率与按热力学方法导出的解析式并采用公认的摩擦因子公式计算的体均能量耗散率进行了对比。

When a coherent light is scattered by the rough surface, the scatted light forms a granular intensity distribution known as speckle. Speckles are coherent superposition of the light scatted by the rough surface. Therefore, speckles carrier some information of the rough surface.

相干光从光学粗糙表面散射时，结果在探测面上出现随机的颗粒状的强度分布，称为散斑，散斑是由粗糙表面上各面元的散射光波之间的干涉在空间域内形成的，所以散斑也是粗糙表面一些信息的携带者。

Secondly, study on bleaching of sandstone based on field characteristics, petrography, geochemistry and compared with other sandstone related, combined with geological setting of gas seepage in the area, reveals that natural gas leakage is responsible for bleaching of the sandstone on top of Yan\'an formation. The bleaching resulted from interaction between the reductive fluid and the rock. At the same time the bleaching suggests that the northeast of basin has experienced large scale gas seepage.

在此基础上，通过漂白砂岩野外露头地质特征、岩石学、地球化学以及相关砂岩的对比研究，结合研究区天然气逸散的地质背景，揭示砂岩漂白现象为上古生界天然气逸散过程中，还原性流体与岩石作用的结果，同时也表明其指示了天然气的大规模逸散作用。

Secondly, study on bleaching of sandstone based on field characteristics, petrography, geochemistry and compared with other sandstone related, combined with geological setting of gas seepage in the area, reveals that natural gas leakage is responsible for bleaching of the sandstone on top of Yanan formation. The bleaching resulted from interaction between the reductive fluid and the rock. At the same time the bleaching suggests that the northeast of basin has experienced large scale gas seepage.

在此基础上，通过漂白砂岩野外露头地质特征、岩石学、地球化学以及相关砂岩的对比研究，结合研究区天然气逸散的地质背景，揭示砂岩漂白现象为上古生界天然气逸散过程中，还原性流体与岩石作用的结果，同时也表明其指示了天然气的大规模逸散作用。

I can not make it blossom and suits me

我不能让树为我开花

When temperatures are above approximately 80 °C discolouration of the raceways or rolling elements is a frequent feature.

当温度高于 80 °C 左右时，滚道或滚动元件褪色是很常见的特征。