教区

In 1139 he went to Rome to give an account of the affairs of his diocese to the pope, Innocent II, who promised him two palliums for the metropolitan Sees of Armagh and Cashel.

在1139年他到罗马交代的事务，他教区的教皇，无辜的二，谁答应他的两个palliums大都市看见阿玛和卡舍尔。

Bayou Chapelet in Terrebonne Parish.

我在特波恩教区百育农场1750号

The introduction first briefly reviews Western Europe\'s universal order of "recht" in middle ages: As independent political units, the city, the manor, the church parish, the ligeance and so on were set in a rank order, the relations between each rank were established in legal form, empire represented the highest rank, and simultaneously played an arbitrator\'s role, was the arbitrator of political units subordinated to the emperor. All of these ranks were placed in natural order created by God, thus, the Christianity religious doctrine had provided the final validity for the universal legal orders; then the symbiotic of the political evolution and the legal transformation will be discussed. Western jurisprudence resided in the Church during the middle Ages, after entering into modern era, resorted to the state."State" instead of "empire" became the basic concept of modem law, and new order of "recht" was bound to make legitimate argumentation for the nation; finally, the background and sketches of this article is explained. It will trace and analyze intrinsic evolution of the idea of legal order in the background of concrete politics--especially the geopolitics, inspects how the different nation-states split up from universal Christianly world and obtain their independence, inspecting differences of respective national path, the fit or unfit quality and the success or failure in this process.

导论首先简要回顾西欧中世纪大一统的法权秩序：作为独立政治单元的各城市、庄园、教区、领地等被镶嵌在一个等级秩序中，各个等级之间以法律的形式来确立相互之间的关系，帝国代表最高等级，同时扮演仲裁人的角色，是臣属其下的各个政治单元之间的仲裁者，而帝国等级又被安置在上帝创造的自然秩序中，因而，是基督教教义为大一统的法权秩序提供了最终的合法性；接着指出西欧政治演变与法权变革的共生性：西方法学在中世纪寄身于教会之中，进入近代以后则投靠了国家，&国家&代替&帝国&，成为近代法学构造的基本概念，新的法权秩序必然围绕民族国家展开；最后说明本文的论述方式和基本思路：本文将在具体的政治——特别是地缘政治——的背景中，追踪和解析法权观念的内在演变，由此进一步****不同民族国家内、异质的法权秩序如何从过去大一统的世界中分化剥离并获得独立，并试图检讨这一过程中不同民族道路的差异、优劣和得失。

Mennas pronounced the condemnation of these heretics for contemning the succession from the Apostles in the Apostolic See, for setting at nought the patriarchal see of the royal city and its council, the Apostolic succession from our Lord in the holy places, and the sentence of the whole Diocese of Oriens.

Mennas明显的谴责这些异教徒的contemning继承从使徒在使徒见，设置化为乌有重男轻女见的皇家城市及其安理会，继承使徒从我们的主圣地，以及一句整个教区

Through enclosure, cottagers who share common rights in the parish also got a small piece of field and tithe owner also got estate through tithe Commutation.

因而，就单个的教区而言，圈地使土地所有者原先分散的土地集中到了一起，就整个英国而言，圈地运动为19世纪晚期地产结构的确立创造了条件。

Then the diocesan and other local ordinaries can proceed, on our authority, either to an inquiry or by means of an accusation, excluding the use of torture, against such offending and criminous persons and may personally examine the witnesses.

然后教区和其他地方普通可以，我们的权力，无论是调查或通过一项指控，但不包括使用酷刑，对此类违法犯罪和criminous人，并可能亲自审查证人。

In public life he was chiefly conspicuous for his political activity, in this respect following the example of many ecclesiastics of his day.

在公共生活中，他主要是显眼，他的政治活动，在这方面仿效许多教区，他一天。

If the aforesaid criminals are ecclesiastics or otherwise subjects of the Roman church.

如果上述罪犯或其他科目教区的罗马教会。

We take thought, then, that no power has been granted to lay people over clerics and ecclesiastics, or over property belonging to the church, and that it is right and just that laws should be made against those who refuse to observe this .

我们认为，那麼，没有任何权力已被授予奠定人民神职人员和教区，或以上的财产属於教会，这是正确和公正的，法律应当对那些谁拒绝遵守这一点。

The reason is mainly the predominant influence of the laity under whose control the ecclesiastics were placed by the synodal constitution.

其原因主要是占主导地位的影响俗人其控制下的教区被置於由主教会议的宪法。

The labia have now been sutured together almost completely.The drains and the Foley catheter come out at the top.

此刻阴唇已经几乎完全的缝在一起了，排除多余淤血体液的管子和Foley导管从顶端冒出来。

To get the business done, I suggest we split the difference in price.

为了做成这笔生意，我建议我们在价格上大家各让一半。