效益

With the development of our society and the rise of market economy,more and more attention has been paid to practical writing.However,many people have just noticed its practicality and ignored the standardization of the writing style,thus,in the course of its use and writing,inappropriateness offen appears.

随着社会的发展，人们的交际领域不断扩大，尤其是市场经济的出现，应用文体的写作越来越受到人们的重视，从而使这种文体的使用频率、应用范围、收获效益等方面，都达到了其他文体无法相比的地步。

In order to fulfill a favourable interation between the markets and the government, the deepened developments of the reformation of economic system entails a government system of great efficiency ,fairness ,incorrigibility and openness.

虽然行政管理者在行政执行过程中极力追求决策实施的信度和效度，实现政府效益最大化，但实际上在行政执行中存在不少问题，致使决策目标往往不能如期完成。甚至达不到。

Firstly, the paper discusses immovable property incumbrance concept, and characters, emphasizing on high limit field use of immovable property guaranty resource.

本文首先从理论层面界定不动产担保物权的概念、性质，重点介绍不动产担保物权用益化、债权化、证券化、期权化的可行性，为拓展不动产担保物权形式，最大限度地利用不动产担保物资源，提高不动产担保制度运行效率及效益，进行了有益的深度探讨。

Along with the development and maturation of modern mining technologies and equipments, automation and IT technologies have attracted eyes of mine managers for higher productivity, more global benefit, lower safety risks and less production cost so that they will maintain an indefectible position in extreme market competitions.

摘要随着现代采矿技术设备的日益成熟和完善，矿山企业经营者关注的是如何通过自动化和信息化手段提高劳动生产率和企业的整体效益，降低劳动生产风险和成本，以求在激烈的市场竞争中长期立于不败之地。

This is a concise discussion of the potential costs and benefits of constructing a new, much less circuitous road to link Nepal and India; the paper uses rough estimates of unit costs for building roads and tunnels and for operating highway vehicles; there is a summary of financial, social, and political issues, plus some discussion concerning political issues.

这篇文章简要讨论建造一条较少弯路的公路以连接尼泊尔和印度，此工程的潜在成本和效益；文章利用粗略的单位成本估计建造公路和隧道，以及汽车使用公路营运成本；还有财务，社会和政治议题的简介，此外有一些关於政治议题的讨论。

The utilization rate of large precise instrument is a key indictor to evaluate its comprehensive effect.

大型精密仪器设备的利用率是考核评估其综合效益的一个重要指标。

Post evaluation is an important tache of project, and it works indispensably in the management. It has an important meaning to support benefit of investment.

项目后评价是项目周期中一个不可缺少的重要环节，是提高项目决策管理水平的重要手段，它对改进和完善项目决策水平，提高投资效益具有重要意义。

Post evaluation is an important tache of item, and it works indispensably in the item management. It has an important meaning to increase the benefit of investment.

项目后评价是项目周期中一个不可缺少的重要环节，是项目决策管理不可缺少重要手段，它对改进和完善项目决策水平，提高投资效益具有重要意义。

This paper analyses the homogenous tendency of open-end fund at first,pointing out that unperfect development of market and investors' immature investment opinions is the origin of such phenomena. Secondly,having compared the fund sizes and purchase fee rates of 25 open-end funds in China,conclude that there are problems of diseconomy of scale and indistinctive relativity between fees and achievement in Chinese open-end funds. Then this paper introduces benefit and cost function to analyze the problem of lack of motivation and constrain mechanism towards fund managers because of unreasonable fees in China. Thirdly,this paper analyze funds managers' normal hazards by static game model,and then points out fund managers have serious tunneling behaviors in Chinese open-end fund industry. In the end,this paper analyzes the causes of liquidity risk of open-end fun and the particularity of liquidity risk of open-end fund in China,and concludes that liquidity risk in Chinese open-end fund industry is higher through calculating the rates of share change and comparing the portfolio selections of top 20 open-end funds in China.

本文首先分析了我国目前存在的基金产品同质化现象，指出市场发展的不完善以及投资者投资理念的不成熟是同质化的根源所在；其次对比了我国现有的25只开放式基金的规模和申购费率，得出了我国开放式基金存在着规模效应不明显以及基金业绩与费率相关性不强的问题，并引入效益函数和成本函数分析了由于我国开放式基金费率不合理引发的基金管理者激励约束机制缺失的问题；再次，应用静态博弈模型分析了基金管理人面临的道德风险，指出目前我国开放式基金由于监管机制脆弱而存在着较为严重的管理者利益输送行为；最后，分析了开放式基金流动性风险的形成原因以及我国基金市场流动性风险的特殊性，并通过计算目前我国基金资产规模前20位的开放式基金的份额变动率以及比较它们的投资组合结构，得出了目前我国开放式基金流动性风险偏大的结论。

However, the aim of this training form is to foster the new type teacher adapting to the requirements in the informational times, which mostly based on the traditional instructional theory and design idea. The sharp contrasts between this kind of training object and theory basis, instructional behavior lead to the greatly inelasticity of training, which couldnt help teacher face to the challenge in the new time.

然而，以培养信息时代新型教师为目标的教师教育技术培训却大多建立在传统教育理论和设计思想的基础上，这种培养目标与理论基础、教学行为的巨大反差严重影响了培训的质量和效益。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。