效益

In this paper, the buyers and seller's benefit model of buyer_pull B2B electronic commerce system is established according to the principle of maximizing benefit in buyer's market.

以买方市场为背景，根据效益最大化原则，通过构建买方企业拉动型企业间电子商务系统中买方和卖方的效益模型，研究了买方利用设置替代水平、恢复速率和补贴水平诱导卖方加入电子商务平台的策略，分析了技术进步和规模经济对电子商务发展的影响。

From the perspective of economics statistics , the author calculated marginal revenues between crop putout and its water quantity , putting forward spatial allocation on basis of marginal benefit equilibrium and different temporal allocation grounding on optimizing of irrigation rule .

对公共水资源在多个分区之间进行分配，坚持可持续利用和基本用水安全的规则下，从经济学的角度利用统计资料计算经济作物用水边际效益，提出基于水资源利用边际效益的空间分配模型和灌溉制度最优的时段配置模型，利用大系统递阶协调理论，计算石河子地区水资源时空配置结果。

The results showed that Mg application considerably alleviated Mg-deficient symptom and increased magnesium nutrition on leaf of shatian pumelo; while soil in the orchard contained medium K and lack of Mg, yield and plantation income of shatian pumelo comparatively increased by 1.2% 18.7% and 0.4%~24.7% at the level of the amount of potassium oxide 340.2 kg/hm^2 applying Mg 22.5 kg/hm^2 and 45.0 kg/hm^2 while yield and plantation income of shatian pumulo comparatively increased by 11.2% 31.7% and 11.7%~39.4% at the level of the amount of potassium oxide 453.6 kg/hm^2 applying Mg 45.0 kg/hm^2, 81.0 kg/hm^2 and 117.0 kg/hm^2, and fruits quality was improved as well.

结果表明，施镁可明显减轻沙田柚叶片的缺镁症状，提高叶片镁素营养；在土壤有效钾含量中等，有效镁含量缺乏的情况下，施用钾肥(K2O) 340.2 kg/hm^2基础上配施镁肥 22.5及45.0 kg/hm^2，果实产量提高1.2%~18.7%，种植效益提高0.4%~24.7%；施用钾肥(K2O) 453.6 kg/hm^2基础上配施镁肥 45.0、81.0及117.0 kg/hm^2，果实产量提高11.2%~31.7%，种植效益提高11.7%~39.4%，同时柚果品质得到改善。

And based on that, the customers are divided into price-sensitive customers, service-sensitive customers and efficiency-sensitive cust- omers, and each type of customers are given a different selection strategy.

运用层次分析法分别计算了各信用卡的成本权值、效益权值和综合权值，并以分析的结论为基础，将消费者划分为价格敏感者、福利优先者和效益追求者三类，分别制定不同的信用卡选择策略。

Summarizes classification of railway transportation safety investment and the effect factors, expatiate the structure of safety costs, introducing analysis of safety costs and its implementations on railway corporates' investment decision making and safety management. Furthermore, it analyses classification, implementation, and measurement of economic benefits. It also provides fundamental knowledge in later analysis of derogation and efficiency improvement.

概述了铁路运输业安全投入的分类以及影响安全投入的因素；阐述了安全成本的构成、介绍安全成本分析法并将方法应用于铁路企业的安全投资决策与安全管理工作上；分析了安全投资效益的分类、特点、实现方式以及计量方法，为后面分析安全投资减损、增值效益提供分析方法的支撑。

We should make a re-recognition and re-position of forest and forestry with systematic dialectical thinking,and should rely on ecology,economy and society and make use of methods of modern science,technology and management to realize the synthesis,coordination and sustainable development of multi-benefits of forest.

林业正处在一个转折时期，森林的价值观念正在发生转变，森林的环境生态效益已经被放在首要位置，应当用系统辩证的思维，对森林和林业进行再认识和再定位，依靠生态、经济、社会三支力量和现代科学、技术和管理的手段，实现森林的多种效益综合、协调与可持续发展。

Construction of a well-organized planning, resources lead to the greatest benefits, in order to create more effective.

施工组织策划得周密，资源才能的挥出最大的效益，为企业创造出更多的效益。

Targeting with the features of west China,which are undeveloped economy,small traffic volume and low time value of passenger and freight on the way,the paper suggests that implementing optimized distribution for reconstruction capital of highway network in west area by using the increment of road service level as the target function,the capital investment as the restriction condition.

对于我国经济发展滞后、交通量小、客货在途时间价值低的西部地区，按照传统的效益计算方法，项目的直接效益指标，如内部收益率、净现值等，其国民经济效益一般都较差[2]。因此，无法准确量化路网改造对经济发展的促进作用，在一定程度上影响了路网改造项目决策的合理性。

Besides supplying timber and other goods,forest has vital effect on environment and provides significant ecological services for people.

通过综合分析相关文献，理清生态效益补偿的概念，对森林生态效益补偿展开研究和探讨。

Econometrics and forest resource evaluation methods are adopted to decide the environmental and timber benefit functions of forest ages.

运用计量经济分析和森林资源价值评价方法获得案例点水源涵养林木材效益、环境效益关于林龄的函数。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。