效用

Commonality is the substantial attribution of public policy,it will directly influence on the avail of public policy.

公共性是公共政策的本质属性，将直接影响公共政策的效用。

The author believes,as to domestic violence tort,there\'s little function for compensative damage.

笔者认为，对于家庭暴力侵权来说，补偿性赔偿的效用有限。

Longitudinal and correlated data are commonly modeled with generalized linear mixed models which contain both fixed and random effects. The source of the random effect may come from the genetic heredity, familial aggregation, or environmental heterogeneity. The inference of its variance component is usually difficult due to the dimension of its covariance matrix and the complexity of the likelihood function.

在生物医学统计中常接触到具有相关性的资料，这些相关性可能是基因、环境、重复测量或是时间所造成的；在这一类型的研究中，我们通常不只对治疗的效用有兴趣，观测值的变异以及观测值之间的相关性亦可能是我们所关注的量，这些变异或相关形式都可以被称为变异数成份。

Full profile approach is one of the often-used conjoint analysis methods.

在完整轮廓联合分析中我们通常要估计总体和个人两个层面的效用系数。

The World of Warcraft Mage has a line of spells to manipulate Frost and Flame, as well as the added ability and utility of conjuration.

WoW中的法师掌有一系列冰系和火系的法术，以及附加的能力和咒语的效用（译者补充：比如在战斗中召唤一个水元素来抵挡攻击，或是变出食物和一些其他咒语）。

Not only were the boundaries of what one could say about sex enlarged, and men compelled to hear it said; but more important, discourse was connected to sex by a complex organization with varying effects, by a deployment that cannot be adequately explained merely by referring it to a law of prohibition.

不仅是人们能谈论"性"的范围扩大了，还包括强迫人们接听"性"的范围；但是更为重要的是，通过一种由多样效用构成的复合型机制，一种无法用"禁止令"就可以充分解释的部署，话语与性发生了联系。

The origin of the fund-management stimulating problem is that the standard of rational agent's activities is utility maximum.But, in the reality, the fund investor and the fund administrator are a kind of consignation and there is information asymmetry. The fund investor wants to make the fund administrator act according to the benefits of the former, but the investor can't observe the investment activity of the administrator directly and in time. He can only observe other variables which are decided by the administrator's activity and other outside uncertain factors.

基金激励问题产生的根源在于理性人的行动都以自身效用或利益最大化为标准，但在现实中，基金投资者与基金管理者是一种委托代理关系且两者之间存在着信息不对称，基金投资者想使基金管理人按照前者的利益选择行动，但投资者不能直接及时地观察管理人的投资行动，他能观察到的只是另一些指标变量，这些变量由管理人的行动和其他外生随机因素共同决定。

I.e. the utility of the books are almost the same , so it is a wise choice to choose second hand books. And in the aspect of consumer's surplus, the consumers expect one book to be lower than, say, 30 Yuan, so if he buys the book for 10yuan, he gets extra 20yuan as the so called consumer's surplus.

话说回来，从机会成本的角度来看，因为旧书与新书大部分相差不大，基本不会影响到学生的书籍阅读（即书的效用是几乎一样的），学生在旧书摊买书的机会成本相对较小，于是学生们是会选择到旧书摊买书的。

Transferring technologies used in these consumer-oriented devices can bring increased efficiency and effectiveness to a wide array of markets.

将这些消费类产品中的技术用到其他场合将会在更多的市场中增加效率和效用。

In this paper, the connectivity axiom and the continuity axiom in Von Neumann-Morgenstern Rational behavior axioms are weakened. Then, a set of axiom for lattice ordered decision-making behavior, which can describe the decision-making behavior more rationally, is constructed. At last, the relative unique existence theorem for utility function is obtained.

根据偏好关系所具有的格序特征，将Von Neumann-Morgenstern理性行为公理体系中的连通性公理弱化为格连通性公理，并相应地弱化连续性公理，得到了一集能更为合理地描述具有"有限理性"的决策行为的格序决策行为公理体系，构造并证明了在格序决策行为公理体系之下，效用函数的存在惟一性定理。

With Death guitarist Schuldiner adopting vocal duties, the band made a major impact on the scene.

随着死亡的吉他手Schuldiner接受主唱的职务，乐队在现实中树立了重要的影响。

But he could still end up breakfasting on Swiss-government issue muesli because all six are accused of nicking around 45 million pounds they should have paid to FIFA.

不过他最后仍有可能沦为瑞士政府&议事餐桌&上的一道早餐，因为这所有六个人都被指控把本应支付给国际足联的大约4500万英镑骗了个精光。