效率

ABSTRACT High nominal returns, low real returns, little risk, great oversubscription and high turnover of Initial Public Offerings are long-standing distinguishing features of Chinese capital markets, which damage the market efficiency and the resource allocation efficiency.

首次发行新股的"高名义回报、低实际收益、低风险约束、巨额冻结资金、高换手率"一直是我国资本市场的一个显著特点，大大降低了市场运行效率和资源配置效率。

High nominal returns, low real returns, little risk, great oversubscription and high turnover of Initial Public Offerings are long-standing distinguishing features of Chinese capital markets, which damage the market efficiency and the resource allocation efficiency.

首次发行新股的"高名义回报、低实际收益、低风险约束、巨额冻结资金、高换手率"一直是我国资本市场的一个显著特点，大大降低了市场运行效率和资源配置效率。

In the first part, a novel paraboloidal lensed multimode fiber has been analyzed amply in the coupling between the high power single emitter broad area diode laser and multimode fiber, which has been verified in the experiment. In the second part, the coupling between the high power single emitter broad area diode laser and cylindrical lensed multimode fiber has been discussed detailedly.

主要通过计算机仿真抛物面型光纤微透镜和柱状楔形光纤微透镜与大功率宽发射域半导体激光器的多模光纤耦合效率，并在实验中进行验证，提出了提高大功率宽发射域半导体激光器与多模光纤耦合效率的新方法。

Firstly, we used the Raman scattering method which can calibrate in real time to measure the O2 (a1 Δ) yield of SOG for the first time in China. The measurement relative error is less than 8%. Based on the data from the experiments, we report the results that the diluent category and ratios influence the O2 (a1 Δ) yield. The relationship of P-τ values and the O2 (a1 Δ) yield of this SOG were given. The effects of distance and bypass of gas transportation on the O2 (a1 Δ) yield are investigated. Secondly, the chlorine utilization was measured by using Raman spectroscopy simultaneously when the O2 (a1 Δ) yield was measured. This method originated with us. The result about the chlorine utilization is coincident with other theoretic and experimental conclusions. The relationship given in this paper between gas stay time in SOG and chlorine utilization offers reference to improve the reaction efficiency and chemical efficiency of COIL. Finally, the partial water vapor pressure at the exit of SOG was measured by absorption spectroscopy. The water vapor fraction and partial pressure have trends changed with the generator total pressure, the diluentratios, and the BHP temperature. These experimental results are very important to improve experimental conditions of SOG, reduce the water vapor fraction, and enhance the output power of COIL.

由侧得的数据得到了加入稀释气体、稀释气体种类以及稀释比例对单重态氧产率的影响，给出了该发生器P一：值与仇产率的关系，还考察了传输距离对仇产率的影响；在国际上首创利用喇曼散射光谱法在侧量产率的同时进行了氯气利用率的检侧，侧试结果与其他理论及实验结果十分相近；给出了气体在发生器中的滞留时间与氯气利用率之间的关系，该结果为提高氧碘化学激光器的反应效率和化学效率提供了参考依据；另外采用了吸收光谱法对发生器出口处的水汽含量进行了测量、得到了水汽分压和百分含量随着发生器压力、稀释气体比例以及BHP温度等的变化情况，该实验结果对于改进发生器工作条件、减少水汽含量、提高氧碘化学激光器的出光功率具有十分重要的指导意义。

The effects of the mechanism on both the efficiency of options investment and on the substitution of the incentive mechanism are analyzed. These substitution effects involve two aspects: the complete substitution to efficiency of investment exercising and the partial substitution to information rents.

重点分析了审核机制对投资期权执行效率的影响以及对激励机制的替代作用，这种替代作用表现为在投资执行效率方面的完全替代和在信息租金方面的部分替代。

Virus removal efficiency is determined by the real time PCR and inactivation efficiency is determined by cell-based infectivity assay.Enveloped DNA virus removal and inactivation: Real time PCR indicated that method based on gold magnetic particles coupled with antiserum has shown great superiority on virus removal. Cell-based infectivity assay indicate pasteurism has shown superiority on virus inactivation.

对两种指示病毒分别进行巴氏灭毒和偶联抗血清金磁颗粒处理，实时荧光定量PCR检测核酸变化确定病毒的去除效率，同时进行病毒的细胞感染力实验确定病毒的灭活效率，结果显示：在对DNA有包膜病毒的去除能力上，金磁颗粒法明显优于普通的巴氏灭活法；在对DNA有包膜病毒灭活能力上，巴氏法明显优于金磁颗粒法。

The most important factor of the corporation development is the well-developed system and the perspicuity of the property rights. The sticking point to develop the corporate governance structure efficiency is the perspicuity of the property rights, and the outside circumstances are the necessary condition.

公司发展最重要的因素是制度的完善和产权的明晰，产权界定的清晰是改善公司治理结构性效率的关键，而社会环境和法律的不断的完善，是企业发展的外部因素，是公司治理适应性效率的提高和企业发展的必要条件。

It is demonstrated that the coating position of phosphor layer away from the LED bare chip, adequate thickness and concentration of phosphor layer can enhance the luminous efficiency.

利用光学模拟软体模拟萤光体层在构装结构中不同位置对元件出光效率的影响，在模拟过程中可以显示萤光体层的涂布位置远离近紫外光发光二极体晶粒的构装模式具有较高的出光效率。

At the same time, through the atom ratio of chlorine to phosphor, the hybridization efficiency of the DNA probes anchored on silver film was calculated to be 90.81%, which was largely higher than those probes affixed on conventional glass substrate (30.63%).

与此同时，通过氯原子与磷原子的个数比得到了银膜DNA芯片上杂交效率为90.81%，高于常规玻璃载体基因芯片的杂交效率（30.63%），说明银膜DNA芯片能够实现碱基序列正错配的分析，自组装化学镀银膜是一种应用前景较好的基因芯片载体材料。

If under ideal conditions, one electron-hole pair injected yields one blue photon and the quantum efficiency of the phosphor equals one, the numbers of electron-hole pair must equal to the numbers of white photons. So LW white LED radiation power output has to consume 1.51 W electric powers and the luminous flux efficiency limitation of electrical to optical conversion for the white LED is 197.8lm/W at above condition.

在理想情况下，注入一个电子－孔穴对产生一个蓝光光子，设荧光粉的量子效率为1，因此，注入的电子－孔穴对数亦等于白光光子数，进而计算出白光LED每辐射1W的光功率所需的电功率为1.51W，上述白光LED发光光谱对应的白光LED的电－光转换的理论极限流明效率为197.8lm/W。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。