效率

Two kinds of representative CC-Repowering (feed water heating repowering,full firing repowering) were analyzed and compared in this paper. Aremarkable phenomenon was observed: Efficiency monotonouslychanges with work-ratio in FF-Repowering system; but in FWH-Repoweringsystem, there exists an optimal ratio at which point the efficiency isthe highest. Another phenomenon to be paid attention is that under somework-ratio, the efficiency of FWH-Repowering is higher than that ofFF-Repowering, giving rise to correcting the conventional concept.

本文对两种典型的联合循环系统(排气助燃型FF-Repowering和给水加热型FWH- Repowering)进行了热力学系统模拟研究，得到了随燃机汽机功比变化排气助燃型系统效率单调变化以及给水加热型系统效率存在极值点的现象，并发现了一定燃机汽机功比下给水加热型效率大于排气助燃型的特殊规律。

The energy exchange analysis indicates that gliding energy efficiency is dependant on the lift drag ratio of the wings and gliding angle of the hull. Through the calculation in this thesis, it can be concluded that enhancing the lift drag ratio can largely improve the energy efficiency when the gliding angle is in the range of 10to 40 degree, and when lift drag ratio is fixed, there exists a special gliding angle for the maximum of the efficiency, which provide theoretical basis for the design of operating parameters.

通过能量转换分析，得出滑翔机航行效率由机翼升阻比和机身航行角决定，航行角在10~40度范围内，增大机翼升阻比可显著提高航行效率；并由计算得出，在升阻比一定的情况下，总存在一个使滑翔机航行效率达到最大的航行角度，为样机工作参数设计提供了理论依据。

With the quality of coal thermal efficiency is 0.3 the average efficiency of direct combustion heating are 0.7 if the use of heat pump efficiency is 1.2 equivalent to 40% energy saving.

同质量的煤，火力发电的效率是0.3，直接燃烧采暖平均效率是0.7，假如利用热泵则效率是1.2，相称于节能40％。

As shown in the experimental results: as the conductor of petroleum biological degradation, the quantity of microorganism is the important factor of petroleum degradation efficiency, the huge natural capacity of microorganism in soil is its foundation of bioremediation; petroleum density in certain scope do not affect for the degradation efficiency of petroleum, and in the density of 5%, its initial degradation efficiency is higher, however after training 40 days, this kind of advantage change weak gradually, the reason may be the petroleum of high density probably having certain poison role for microorganism; the best ecological condition of petroleum contaminated soil bioremediation is that nutrition material C: N = 60, electron receives body HiOi joining quantity amount to 12 mg/g, water content is 50%, surface activator is anion surface activator of 12 Wan base benzene sulphur sour sodium; the relation of primary and secondary of factor is water content, surface activator, nutrition material and electron receiver.

试验研究结果表明：作为石油生物降解的执行者，微生物的数量是影响石油降解效率的重要因素，土壤中微生物的巨大的自然容量是其生物修复的基础；石油浓度在一定范围内对石油的降解效率并没有影响，并且在5％浓度时，其起始降解效率较高，但是到了培养40天以后，这种优势渐渐变弱，可能还是高浓度的石油对微生物有一定的毒害作用；石油污染土壤生物修复的最佳生态条件为：营养物质C：N为60，电子受体H_2O_2的累计加入量为12mg/g，含水量为50％，表面活性剂为阴离子表面活性剂十二烷基苯磺酸钠；因素的主次关系为：含水量、表面活性剂、营养物质和电子受体。

The design flow out of the nose is the key to the design, and the structure of the reasonableness of the extrusion products directly affect the quality and production , we must improve the quality of products, improve product yield and efficiency needed from the extruder the melting, forming and cooling curing these three areas to can use for mapping, using Pro / E model, and then use ANSYS finite element analysis software to mold the strength of the nose, a nose MasterCAM by the end of the simulation process of more modern digital technology continues to improve significantly reduce the loss in the test mode, and from product quality, productivity and efficiency is also a very good improvement.

流道设计是挤出机头设计的关键，其结构的合理性直接影响到挤出制品的质量和生产效率。所以要改进产品的质量，提高产品的产量和效率就需要从挤出机的熔融、成形和冷却固化这三方面加以研究。可以使用AutoCAD进行绘图，用Pro/E建模，再运用ANSYS有限元分析软件进行模具机头的强度分析，最后用MasterCAM进行机头的仿真生程。通过以上的现代数字化技术的不断提高大大减少了试模中的损耗，并且从产品的质量、产量和效率上也有了很好的改进。

The results showed that the maximum photochemical efficiency, quantum efficiency of PSII photochemistry, the electronic transfer rate, the photochemical quenching of the grafted seedling were lower than those of the own-root seedling in the 20 days after planting.

定植后20d，嫁接苗的最大光化学效率、PSⅡ光合电子传递量子效率、光合电子传递速率、光化学猝灭系数低于自根苗；定植后30、45、60d，嫁接苗Fv/Fm、ΦPSⅡ、ETR、qP及开放PSⅡ中心激发能捕获效率高于对照，而非光化学猝灭系数低于对照。20d时，嫁接苗吸收的光能用于光化学反应的能量比例低于对照；但30d后，θPSⅡ显著升高，45d时超过70%，而自根苗只有60%。

Taking a general view of the paper, major innovative ideas and returns are as follows: The main innovative ideas are as follows: 1. The paper put forward the new idea that combine water-saving drilling with rotary percussion drilling creatively according to the present situation of water resource lack seriously and the background of implementation of state geological survey strategy. 2. The working principle of new designed system of water-saving hydraulic percussion device completely different from traditional hydraulic percussion device, the system can carry out rotary percussion drilling on the condition that no surface water be consumed, and achieve the purposes that saving surface water, cutting cost and improving drilling efficiency. 3. The design conception of steel ball percussion device is very novel, the percussion device is durable, with a simple structure, at the same time drilling efficiency would be improved highly and drilling cost would be reduced greatly when drill with the steel ball percussion device.

综观全文，论文的主要创新点及研究成果如下：主要创新点： 1、结合我国许多地区水资源严重短缺的现状以及国家实施地质大调查战略的背景，创造性地提出了&节水钻探&和&回转冲击钻进&结合起来的新思维； 2、设计出的节水型液动冲击器系统，其工作原理跳出了传统液动冲击器要消耗大量地表水的原理模式，在基本不消耗地表水的情况下便能实现回转冲击钻进，达到节约地表水、降低成本、提高钻探效率的目的； 3、设计的球体冲击器构思新颖，克服了同类产品冲击功传递效率低的弊端、且结构简单、经久耐用，可大幅度提高钻探效率、降低钻探成本。

Because of the low efficiency of economy collectivization, collective property rights can"t last for a long time and central government has to communicate with community and peasants. Rural community collective property rights become subjective through balancing benefits by formal or informal trading. With the changes of political and economical environment, the contradiction of rural community property rights between fair and efficiency become more and more serious. Collective lands and collective enterprises advance to privatization gradually. There are two kinds of country collective property rights in the history of its evolution, one offer community common good and the other satisfy peasants" private demand. The collective property rights institution improvement brings efficiency because it privatizes the latter. Because of the limit of industrialization and civilization, land is still the last social welfare of peasants, so rural community must attain the collective property rights to control the pressure of population. Also community has to get money from collective economy.

本文分析的思路是；由于制度变迁的&路径依赖&，农村社区之间的利益分配边界在解放以后得以保持并在集体化过程中得到加强，为社区获得排他性集体产权奠定了基础；由于国家对农村经济的集体化效率极低而不可能长期维持，国家不得不与社区和农民对话，通过正式或非正式的交易平衡多方利益，社区集体产权获得实质性内容；随着政治、经济等环境的不断变化，社区集体产权公平与效率之间的矛盾同益明显，集体土地和集体企业逐渐朝私有化的方向发展；从农村社区集体产权制度变迁的历史来看，集体产权实际上包含两种形式：提供社区公共物品和满足社区农民个人需求，每一次集体产权的制度创新，都是使后者&私有化&而提高了集体经济的效率；但是，受我国工业化和城市化进程缓慢的制约，土地依然是农民最后的生存保障，农村社区必须保持对土地的集体产权以调节人口变化对土地的压力，社区组织行使职能也必须有一定的集体经济提供资金支持。

By means of theoretic analysis and experimental investigation,the clamping efficiency behavior of power-operated wedge hook chuck is studied.

对楔面动力卡盘的夹紧效率特性进行了理论分析和实验研究，建立了楔面动力卡盘夹紧效率的数学模型，研究了夹紧传动机构摩擦系数、楔面角度、卡盘工作参数以及连续重复夹紧次数等参数对夹紧效率的影响规律，对卡盘的优化设计和应用以及夹紧力计算具有指导意义。

Comparing tow methods of efficency pre-estimation, it finds out the new method fit for super-low specific-speed pump. Acoording to the study and comparison on efficency and reliability, the thesis points out merits and faults of the 5 types of impeller, and draws a conclusion that the complex impeller and partly blocked-flow-passage impeller are fit for the impellers of super-low specific-speed centrifugal pump.

比较了泵效率预估的方法，提出了适合于极低比转数泵效率预估的新方法，并对其性能要求的效率和可靠性两方面进行了研究比较，指出了五种形式叶轮各自的优缺点，得到结论：复合叶轮和部分堵塞流道的一般叶轮适合作极低比转数泵叶轮。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。