故障的

In this project, we have tackled the robust fault detection and diagnosis problem for affine nonlinear sampled-data systems based on nonlinear H∞ filtering theory,and focused on the design of robust fault dtetction filter. The main contribution of this project is that we (1)present design methods of robust fault estimator for nonlinear discrete-time systems based on least square estimation and linear matrix inequality;(2)improve the bounded real lemma of systems with finite discrete jumps;(3)develop the robust fault detection filters for affine nonlinear sampled-data systems with parameter uncertainties based on the improved bounded real lemma.

本项目以提高故障的正确检测率为目的，以非线性H∞滤波理论为基础，对不确定仿射非线性采样系统的鲁棒故障检测与诊断问题进行了研究，重点研究了不确定仿射非线性采样系统的鲁棒故障检测滤波器设计问题，取得了一些新的成果，主要成果有：(1)基于最小二乘估计和线性矩阵不等式，给出了非线性离散系统的鲁棒故障估计器设计方法；(2)改进了有限跳跃点系统的有界实引理；（3）基于改进的有界实引理，给出了不确定仿射非线性采样系统的鲁棒故障检测滤波器的设计方法。

Usually, distribution networks operate in arborescence mode, so in the simulation of fault analysis the impact of faulty switch element on system reliability is apportioned to failure consequences of adjacent sections that connect to switch, and then an equivalent analytical model considering switch fault is proposed. Thus, not having to conduct the reliability analysis of switch element singly, the impact of switch element fault on system reliability can be calculated. Applying the proposed algorithm in RBTS-BDS6 system, RBTS-BUS4 system and actual medium-voltage distribution network to conduct reliability assessment, the results show that the proposed algorithm is superior in speed and possesses efficiency and engineering practicality.

配电网常具有树状运行特点，在故障解析模拟时，将开关元件故障对系统可靠性的影响分摊到连接开关的相邻分块的故障后果中，进而提出计及开关故障的可靠性等值解析模型，不需单独进行开关元件故障的可靠性分析即可计算其对系统可靠性的影响，应用该算法对RBTS-BUS6和RBTS-BUS4系统及实际中压配电网进行了可靠性评估，结果表明该算法有较明显的速度优势，具有高效性和工程实用性。

To realize real time fault detection and diagnosis when multi sensors have faults simultaneously in the linear control system, a set of two ellipsoid confidence region s was constructed based on two ellipsoid overlap method.

双椭圆相交法可以用于多个传感器同时发生故障的线性控制系统，不仅能够快速、准确地检测出故障发生的时刻，并且能将故障定位到发生故障的传感器。

Secondly, to diagnosticate pinpointedly and manage promptly transformors defaults, in combine to instances, this thesis summarizes the character and manage of those defaults resulted from improper maitenace or overload, summarizes the character and manage of those defaults resulted from multipoint ground, specialy dissertates the measuring routine of and the routine of.

接着，以变压器故障为对象，以准确诊断、快速处理故障为目标，结合有关实例总结了维护不当或过负荷诱发故障的特点、处理办法，结合有关实例总结了铁心多点接地故障为对象的特点、处理办法，并重点论述了铁心多点接地的诊断流程和气相色谱的分析流程。

Aiming at difficulty of weak impactive roller bearing fault feature extraction of composite faults, a demodulation method based on the second generation wavelet and the empirical mode decomposition is proposed to separate the coupling features of a composite fault and to extract the fault feature of a roller bearing.

针对复合故障中滚动轴承微弱冲击性故障特征难于提取的问题，提出基于第二代小波和EMD的解调方法，进行复合故障的耦合特征分离和轴承损伤性故障微弱信号的特征提取研究。

In the examples, low-resistance, high -resistance and open-circuit fault of cable are simulated by using VC++7.0 software.

在仿真算例部分，本文运用VC++7.0仿真软件进行了电缆低阻故障、高阻故障、开路故障的仿真。

Integrating C-type of traveling wave location method with AC signal injection method, a compositive location method for single-phase earth fault in 35kV distribution network is proposed, in which firstly the fault is presumedly located by C-type of traveling wave location method to preliminarily determine the position where fault occurs; then the fault is accurately located by AC signal injection method.

基于C型行波法和交流信号注入法提出35 kV配电网单相接地故障的综合定位方法：首先采用C型行波法进行初步定位，确定故障距离和故障所在区段，然后用交流信号注入法进行精确定位。

The general mathematic model for analyzing the hydrogenerator with the internal armature winding faults is established by using the multi loop theory in this paper.

应用多回路理论建立水轮发电机定子绕组内部故障分析的通用数学模型，引入回路关联矩阵减少回路方程总数并自动形成各种故障形式的回路参数，对水轮发电机定子绕组内部故障的稳态性能进行仿真计算，探讨了水轮发电机定子绕组内部故障（如匝间短路、支路间短路等）规律。

The rub-impact between rotor and stator often occurs because the rotor shaft stiffness decreases following the occurrence of the crack in the rotor shaft, and thus the coupling fault with rub-impact and crack is hackneyed fault type. Based on the nonlinear dynamical model of the cracked rotor-bearing system with rub-impact, the stability of the periodic motion and instability way were studied in unbalance-rotating speed plane and rotor/stator clearance- rotating speed plane and crack depth- rotating speed plane, and the main results were validated by the experiment.

转子轴承系统裂纹故障的出现会引起转子系统转静件之间碰摩故障的发生，因此裂纹碰摩耦合故障也是转子系统常见的故障类型，本文在裂纹碰摩耦合故障转子轴承系统的非线性动力学模型基础上，分析了系统在不平衡量-转速、碰摩间隙-转速、裂纹深度-转速等参数域内，周期运动的稳定性及其失稳规律，并用实验验证了主要理论结果。

According to the fault data information and expert"s field knowledge, the system can distinguish the lines and buses which fault occurs in, also judge the line"s fault type and the circuit breakers and relayss action performance and give the maintenance suggestion.

系统能在电网发生故障时，根据故障数据信息和专家领域知识，判别发生故障的线路、母线，线路的故障类型以及断路器、保护的动作性能，并给出维修建议。

Finally, according to market conditions and market products this article paper analyzes the trends in the development of camera technology, and designs a color night vision camera.

最后根据市场情况和市面上产品的情况分析了摄像机技术的发展趋势，并设计了一款彩色夜视摄像机。

Only person height weeds and the fierce looks stone idles were there.

只有半人深的荒草和龇牙咧嘴的神像。