故障检测

By re-constructing the system, the residual error dynamic characteristics of unknown input and fault signals including unknown disturbances and modelling error are obtained. The energy norm indexes of disturbance and fault signals of residual error are selected separately to reflect the restraint of disturbance and the sensitivity of faults, and the design of fault detection observer is described as an optimization problem.

通过对系统进行重构，获取了包括未知扰动、建模误差等未知输入信号和故障信号的残差动态特性，分别选取残差的扰动信号和故障信号的能量范数指标来体现其对扰动的抑制作用和对故障的灵敏性，并将故障检测观测器的设计描述为一个优化问题。

Aiming at the characteristic of network fault,MM* model and Fault Tree Analysis are introduced into network fault diagnosis modeling.An algorithm is proposed which analyzes and diagnoses network fault,extracts the minimum cut sets quantificationally with Fault Tree Analysis,then detects and orients network fault with MM* model by testing the geminate nodes selected from minimum cut sets.

针对网络故障特点，将MM*模型和FTA方法引入网络故障诊断建模中，设计了一种用FTA方法进行网络故障的系统分析与诊断，并定量求解出所有故障可能的最小割集，然后用MM*模型从最小割集中选取测试点对进行单点故障检测与定位的网络故障诊断算法。

At first, with the low-frequency data measured, three of the LRE fault detection systems for the real-time condition are proposed using the nonlinear identification technology of the BP neural network, the state estimation technology of the dynamic neural network, and the pattern recognition technology of the fuzzy hypersphere neural network. The learning algorithms of the BP and dynamic neural network are researched at the same time. Furthermore, while the engine operation is divided into the start and steady-state processes, the real time ability, the response time, the accuracy, the robustness, the sensitivity and the monitoring parameter optimization are studied. In the test data analyses of the YF-75 engine, the detection system correctly carried out for all normal tests, and in the three abnormal tests the engine faults were accurately forecasted.

首先，基于低频测量数据，采用BP神经网络的非线性辨识技术、动态神经网络的状态估计技术及模糊超球神经网络的模式识别技术，提出了三种发动机故障实时检测系统；同时研究了BP神经网络和动态神经网络的学习算法；另外还把发动机工作分为启动过程和稳态过程，分别讨论了神经网络故障检测系统的实时性、及时性、准确性、鲁棒性、敏感性及参数优化问题；在YF-75发动机试车数据分析中，不仅全部正确地监测了正常试车过程，而且准确地预报了三次异常试车中的发动机故障。

In order to simplify the subsequent analysis,the obtained independent components can be divided into two parts containing dominant part and excluded part according to the concept of vector norm,and two types of statistics,I2 and SPE that reflect the system's variety and error,are respectively calculated whose confidence bounds need to be identified.

独立分量分析在过程监控、故障检测方面的应用则刚刚起步，通常是把分离得到的独立分量直接作为某种特征的反映[4]，或者对混合系数进行多次计算、对比，直接作为检测故障的指标，然后结合支持向量机方法诊断故障[5]。

Then three performance measures of flexible assembly systems ——flexiblity, reliability and producibility, are examined.

一个机器人故障排除系统分为三部分：故障检测、故障诊断和故障排除。

Optimal design of the incidence matrix for structured residual approach with maximized sensitivity is discussed in this paper, in order to overcome the shortcoming of SRAMS that ignores the speed and sensitivity of fault diagnosis while considering the isolability of fault codes in the incidence matrix design.

针对基于具有最大敏感性结构化残差的传感器故障检测与诊断方法在设计影响矩阵时只考虑故障编码的可分离性，而没有考虑故障诊断的快速性和灵敏性的缺点，给出了故障敏感度和故障诊断灵敏度等指标，并提出了两种影响矩阵的优化设计算法。

The realization scheme of this project is also discussed in the paper, a data pick-up/control board using PCI bus protocol is designed, this board together with some softwares can finish many functions such as AD conversion of DC system generatrix and every DC spur track, sine wave generation which frequency is between 0-50Hz , and some control functions in fault analysis system.

本文还进行了故障检测装置实现方案的有关研究，设计了基于PC机的直流电网故障诊断系统，完成了基于计算机PCI总线的数据采集控制卡的设计，该卡配合计算机软件可以实现电网正负母线，各支路互感器输出等多路模拟量信号的采集，产生0-50Hz之间任意频率的低频信号源，并且能够完成故障检测中的各种控制功能。

Aiming at dual sensor fault detection, the tactic of fault orientation after fault identification is adopted, and a new kind of residual formation method, based on moving subnormal states, is proposed.

针对双余度传感器缓变故障检测，采取了先故障判断后故障定位的故障检测策略，并提出了一种基于移动伪正常状态的残差构造方法。

An intelligent fault detection and diagnosis method based on space vector is presented, fault diagnosis knowledge self-acquisition and self-tuning and symptom optimum algorithm are infered. 4、An early fault detection and diagnosis method based on ANN for process industry is presented, which has perfect self-learning and self-tuning ability and can establish diagnosis model automatically with the process of fault diagnosis in the absence of sufficient prior knowledge.

提出一种基于特征空间向量的智能故障诊断方法，推导了其故障诊断知识的自动获取算法和故障诊断的自适应算法以及征兆信号优化选取算法； 4、提出一种基于人工神经网络的生产过程早期故障检测与诊断方法，该故障诊断方法知识获取容易，具有良好的自学习和自适应能力，能够在故障先验知识不完备的情况下，通过与用户的交互，逐步自动建立起完善的故障模型知识。

The fault coverage of the self-repairing flight control systems is defined including the coverage of the fault detection and isolation and the rate of the successful reconfigurations.

张平给出了故障检测与诊断算法的故障检测覆盖率、漏报率及操纵面故障下控制律重构的成功率的定义；提出了建立在FDI和重构基础上的自修复飞控系统的故障监控覆盖率的估计方法。

I am accused of being overreligious," she said in her quiet, frank manner,"but that does not prevent me thinking the children very cruel who obstinately commit such suicide.""

客人们在卡罗利娜·埃凯家里，举止就文雅一些，因为卡罗利娜的母亲治家很严厉。

Designed by French fashion house Herm è s, this elegant uniform was manufactured in our home, Hong Kong, and was the first without a hat.

由著名品牌 Herm è s 设计，这件高贵的制服是香港本土制造，是我们第一套不配帽子的制服。