故障

In this project, we have tackled the robust fault detection and diagnosis problem for affine nonlinear sampled-data systems based on nonlinear H∞ filtering theory,and focused on the design of robust fault dtetction filter. The main contribution of this project is that we (1)present design methods of robust fault estimator for nonlinear discrete-time systems based on least square estimation and linear matrix inequality;(2)improve the bounded real lemma of systems with finite discrete jumps;(3)develop the robust fault detection filters for affine nonlinear sampled-data systems with parameter uncertainties based on the improved bounded real lemma.

本项目以提高故障的正确检测率为目的，以非线性H∞滤波理论为基础，对不确定仿射非线性采样系统的鲁棒故障检测与诊断问题进行了研究，重点研究了不确定仿射非线性采样系统的鲁棒故障检测滤波器设计问题，取得了一些新的成果，主要成果有：(1)基于最小二乘估计和线性矩阵不等式，给出了非线性离散系统的鲁棒故障估计器设计方法；(2)改进了有限跳跃点系统的有界实引理；（3）基于改进的有界实引理，给出了不确定仿射非线性采样系统的鲁棒故障检测滤波器的设计方法。

At the same time, on the base of analysis of the present situation, the development trend and the leading edge technology, the necessity and feasibility about the exploitation of the full hydraulic bulldozer"s sate monitoring and fault diagnosis system is given; According to the structure, working feature and working environment, it works out system schema and system composition; The system is divided into display module, communication module and fault diagnosis module by means of block design, the implementation method and key parameter are also given; In light of the features of the full hydraulic bulldozer, the state monitoring and fault diagnosis platform composed of controller RC6-9 and display DI2/10 is designed based on CAN-Bus and the hardware design is completed; It lists the measured values and state of monitored parameters which should be real-time displayed in monitoring module as well as the data which will be transmitted; Furthermore, On the base of the study of, it gives 34 kinds of constant faults" diagnosis methods; Using BODAS software and DPS software, it compile the program code of the controller and the displayer; At last, this paper design and make the simulation test device of control system of construction machinery, through the experiment, the realizability, the categoricalness, the reliability, the stability and real-time are tested, in addition, the improved methods are given.

本文收集整理了国内外智能推土机研究的相关文献资料，综合分析了国内外智能推土机的研究现状、发展趋势和前沿技术，论证了开发全液压推土机智能系统的重要组成部分&全液压推土机状态监测与故障诊断系统&的必要性和可行性；根据全液压推土机的结构、作业特点和作业环境，制定了全液压推土机状态监测与故障诊断系统方案，确定了系统的结构组成；采用模块化设计方法，将整个系统分成了显示、通信和故障诊断三个模块，给出了各模块功能的实现方法，确定了各模块的关键技术参数：选用RC6-9和DI2／10作为系统的控制器和显示器，用CAN总线搭建了系统的通信平台，完成了系统的硬件设计；确定了系统监测参数和通信数据，对全液压推土机常见故障特征进行了分析，给出了34种常见故障的诊断方法；在BODAS软件和DPS软件的集成编程环境下，编写了控制器和显示器程序；设计并制作了工程机械控制系统模拟试验板，并在此基础上通过多次的程序调试与试验，对所设计的全液压推土机状态监测与故障诊断系统功能的可实现性、完备性、可靠性、稳定性和实时性进行了检验，证实了此系统的可行性，并提出了进一步的改进方案和措施。

Faults of ball milling system in power plant are analyzed by means of fault tree analysis. A fault tree is established that contains faults of ball mill, coal feeder, mill exhauster and separator. The minimal cut set is figured out. The cause for the faults are detailed.

利用故障树分析法对火力发电厂制粉系统的常见故障进行了分析研究，建立了制粉系统的故障树，涵盖了球磨机、给煤机、排粉机、粗细粉分离器的常见故障，求出了其最小割集，给出了制粉系统发生故障的原因及导致故障各种原因组合的可能性。

The Hilbert amplitude envelope of the stator current includes the low frequency of fault characteristic, thus it can reduce the signal length by resample the Hilbert amplitude envelope of the stator current by downsampling, which can avoid spectrum aliasing. Then it can reduce the computation time of the MUSIC Method for the spectrum analysis to the resampled signals for the given bandwidth. Meanwhile combining continuous subdivision Fourier transform and rotor slot harmonics based slip estimation it can in advance estimate the concrete values of the fault characteristic frequency, and then inquiry purposely the fault feature component information in the stator current spectrum in order to accomplish the broken rotor bar fault with high sensitivity and h reliability, which eliminates adverse effect of issuable false peaks to the fault detection and formed a novel scheme to detect broken rotor bar fault.

定子电流Hilbert幅值包络信号包含了低频的故障特征频率调制信号，故通过对定子电流Hilbert幅值包络信号进行降采样率重采样、减少分析信号长度，可避免低频段频谱混叠，再对减少的重采样数据进行具有超分辨率的MUSIC低频段估计，可大大降低MUSIC算法频谱估计时间；运用连续细化傅里叶变换和转子齿槽谐波转差率估计技术，可预知故障特征频率精确值，从而可有目的地查询故障分量，消除MUSIC虚假波峰对故障检测混淆的影响，大大提高了故障检测的灵敏度和可靠性，以此形成异步电动机转子断条故障检测新方法。

The method of object-oriented power network topology analysis based on compartment knowledge has been put out. Contingency aggregate and pre-screening method are combined to applied in automatic contingency selection. Contingency performance index has been modified in view of contingency probability. The programme such as contingency aggregate and contingency screening has been compiled.

提出基于间隔知识的面向对象结线分析方法；把预想故障集合和预筛选结合起来运用于预想故障自动选择，结合故障概率对故障行为指标进行修正，开发了预想故障集合和故障扫描等程序。

The thesis mainly concerns the following aspects: the relay protection and its trip-close circuit of two circuits transmission-lines are stand alone. The device has the ability of phase-trip that is owns transmission line single phase , 2 or 3phases fault only fault phase tripped.so as to making the power system contact as close as possible. The function of reclosing distribute into relay protection of line and breaker, so it is easy to get no-serious fault information of line protection and realize self-adapted multi pole reclosing. The breaker reclosing depend on the state of owns breaker andthe adjacent breaker. The criterion of serious fault and the sequence reclosing is simple and useful.

本项目具有如下特点：两回线的保护装置及跳、合闸回路完全独立；装置具有分相跳闸功能，即本线单相、两相、三相故障时均只跳故障相，使得故障时系统联系尽可能紧密；重合闸功能合理分配在线路保护和断路器保护中，充分利用了线路保护的信息实现无严重故障判别和分相顺序重合策略的自适应重合功能，由断路器保护根据断路器本身的工作状态和相邻断路器的配合关系实现重合出口；判断严重故障的判据及分相顺序重合闸原理简单合理，具有实用意义，降低了重合于永久故障对系统的冲击。

Driveline failures are common failure of automotive engine failure, and transmission clutch failure at a large proportion of fault, however, the fault diagnosis of the clutch is a highly technical job.

传动系的故障是汽车发动机故障的常见故障，而离合器的故障在传动系统故障中占有很大比例，然而诊断离合器的故障是一项技术性很强的工作。

Through the above, we can see that after a lot of line from the telephone switchboard link have caused problems as a phone fault, but the fault is a certain law. users can use the law to judge the fault position. This report will give us the failure to provide the necessary basis, your guide for troubleshooting or simple exclusion of your own fault.

通过上面的介绍，大家可以看出，从电话交换机出线后要经过很多环节，任中一个出现问题都要造成电话故障，但故障是有一定规律的，广大用户在使用时可根据规律判断故障部位，这样在故障报告时能给我们提供必要的依据，从而为您尽快排除故障或指导您自己排除简单故障。

Two GFRF system model identify algorithms based respectively on Signal Flow Graph/Driving Point Impedance and EDA simulation are proposed. In order to solve the problem of fault diagnosis that the inner structure and parameters of the Object under Test cannot be able to determine, a new fault diagnosis method based on the phase space reconstruction and GFRF general formula is investigated. This method builds up a bridge between the chaos theory and Volterra series analysis, which does not strongly depend on the topological structure and the testing data length, is sensitive to the fault property, traces monotonously the change of system fault, and possesses some significant predominance compared with conventional fault diagnosis methods of analog circuits.

提出了基于信号流图/驱动点阻抗法的GFRF算法和基于EDA仿真和非线性频谱响应特性分析的系统模型辨识算法，为解决工程实践中不能确知被测对象内部结构和参数时的故障诊断问题，研究了基于相空间重构和GFRF简化算法的复杂电子系统故障诊断方法，该方法建立了混沌理论与Volterra级数分析法之间的桥梁，它对被测对象的拓扑结构依赖性不强，对被测系统的故障性质的敏感，可以单调地跟踪系统故障的变化，这种基于混沌特性分析的故障诊断方法与其它的模拟电路的故障诊断方法相比较具有显著的优势。

After observing the physical course of the single-phase grounding of transmission line, analyzing by the wavelet transformation the transient signals sampled during the fault period from the moment that single-phased grounding occurs to the moment that line breakers work, we can distinguish temporary fault from permanent one through the wave form.

本文提出了一种不同于现有故障类型判别的思路，通过考察线路单相接地故障的物理过程，利用小波变换理论分析处理线路单相瞬时性故障和永久性故障在故障发生后断路器开断前时间段的暂态信号，通过波形识别区分两种故障。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。