政治社会的

The final part of this thesis discusses the significance of aristocratic tradition for modern politics and modern society.

本文在结语部分探讨了贵族政治传统对于现代政治和现代社会的意义。

It pointed out the basic historic mission of the first generation of CPC people headed by Zedong Mao is the independence of the country and national liberation, to overthrow the "three big mountains "pressing on the heads of Chinese people and all reactionary forces to hinder Chinese social progress, and from this formed the mode of thinking with the main character of revolution; The basic historic mission of the second generation CPC people headed by Xiaoping Deng is to transform the rigid economic and political system of traditional socialism, from thinking theory, eliminate the bookishness and"Left"dogmatism which hindered economic development and social progress and spread seriously, and from this formed the mode of thinking with the main character of transformation; Then, the basic historic mission of the third generation CPC people headed by Zemin Jiang is, on the basis of the cause opened by the first and second generations CPC people, to open up the new situations of building the socialist cause with Chinese characteristics, in theory and practice, realize overall creation in all fields of life, and from this formed the mode of thinking with the main character of creation; The historic mission undertaken by the new central leading group headed by Jintao Hu is to completely realize the objective of well-off society, strengthen international competitive, the main point is economic development, the stress is in the countryside, and the difficult point lies in social development.

指出：以毛泽东为代表的第一代中国共产党人的基本历史使命是国家独立和民族解放，推翻压在中国人民头上的三座大山和一切阻碍中国社会前进的反动力量，并由此形成了以革命为主要特征的思维方式，以邓小平为代表的第二代中国共产党人的基本历史使命是变革传统社会主义的僵化的经济政治体制，在思想理论上革除阻碍经济发展和社会进步的严重泛滥的本本主义和"左"倾教条主义，并由此形成了以改革为主要特征的思维方式；那么，以江泽民为代表的第三代中国共产党人的基本历史使命，则是在第一代、第二代中国共产党人所开创的事业的基础上，开拓建设中国特色社会主义事业的新局面，在理论和实践上，在社会生活的所有领域实现全面创新，并由此形成了以创新为主要特征的思维方式；以胡锦涛为代表的新的中央领导集体所肩负的历史使命是要实现全面建设小康社会的目标，增强国际竞争力，要点是经济发展，重点在农村，而难点在社会发展方面。

There are two absolute converse attitudes about sustained development of social economic among the classis economist, one is Adam Smith as the delegation of pessimist, the other is Malthus as the delegation of pessimist. Marx and Engles developed the continuous development by summarizing others' thinking, but the next economists discarded the theory of Marx after October Liberation in Russia and Chinese Liberation got success. Serious fact tells us: Political economics can't discard the concept of sustained development which the basic theory in political economics.

古典经济学家对社会经济的可持续性问题存在着两种截然不同的看法，一种是以亚当斯密为代表的乐观派，一种是以马尔萨斯为代表的悲观派；马克思、恩格斯在总结前人思想的基础上，发展了可持续发展思想；但是，苏联十月革命胜利和中国革命胜利后的政治经济学却舍弃了马克思恩格斯的这些思想；严酷的现实告诉我们，政治经济学不能抛弃可持续发展观念，可持续发展应当是政治经济学的一个基本思想。

Spencer used his Social Darwinism in all aspects of society - social, political, economic, and education.

斯宾塞把他的社会达尔文主义运用到社会的各个方面---社会、政治、经济和教育。

This transition did not only find expression in economy and politics,but also went deep into the various sides of the society.

安史之乱被认为是唐代中叶社会转型的开始，这种社会转型不仅表现在经济与政治上，而且深入到社会的各个方面。

Nevertheless, the commercial experiences in the 18th century renewed the contemporary thinkers' the model of order. In the trend of Scottish Enlightenment, Adam Smith discovered a new model of order- Social Order, which was far from Hobbesian Political Order. Smith thought order coming from the interior of a society, rather than common authority to construct a society.

然而，十八世纪的商业经验让新一代的思想家们重新思考不同模式的秩序观，身居时代潮流的史密斯发现不同於霍布斯式政治秩序的社会秩序，他认为秩序是社会内生的产物，而非经由在社会之外的共同权威来建构社会。

As an ancient country with five millennium glorious culture,Chinahas created the splendorous achievements in political,economic,and cultural domains,played the pivotal role for the world civilization.

在社会利益的庞大系统中，经济利益是社会的基本利益，政治利益是社会的核心利益，文化利益则是社会最高形态的利益。

Right after that, another lot of young artists are facing the decline of agricultural society, the thrive of industrial society and post-industrial as well as the development of internet times; facing the times of fashion-consumed culture, desire expanding and society anomic; facing the attack of globalization from politics, economy, culture and art; facing the messed information interlace and virtual world art structure; facing the highly-developed modem internet information times. They are facing the chances and challenges during the society mode changing, facing the opportunities and challenges during the change from traditional aesthetic into modern aesthetic.

而紧跟其后的一批年青艺术家，在面对中国农业社会的衰退，工业社会、后工业社会的兴旺发达及网络时代的崛起；在中国时尚消费文化、物欲膨胀、社会道德沦丧的时代；在政治、经济、文化、艺术全球化的冲击中；在混乱的信息交错和虚拟的世界艺术结构中；在高速发展的现代网络信息时代；他们正面临一个社会结构转型的机遇和挑战，面临传统美学在现代美学转型过程中的机遇和挑战。

Wuchang did not form relatively independent industry and commerce all along in the Qing dynasty , in. traditional society it clinged tightly to the bureaucrat regime, commerce trade gived first place to the articles of luxury that the bureaucrat nobleman consumed; before modern times it was deeply affected by politics factor. The level of industry and commerce development at the modern times had great relation with the political support, so economic growth had fought the notable politics brand.

清代武昌一直没有形成相对独立的工商业，在传统社会紧紧依附官僚政权，商业贸易以官僚贵族消费的奢侈品为主，在近代转型时期也深受政治因素影响，近代工商业发展的水平与政治支持的强弱紧密相关，因此其经济发展打上显著的政治烙印。

Social justice,as the general value of modern society and democratic countries, is one of the main objectives of material,political and spiritual three civilization constructions in China at present.

社会公正是近代社会的产物，是社会进步的表征，它业已成为现代社会、民主国家普遍的价值观，并成为当前我国物质、政治、精神三大文明建设共同追求的主要目标之一。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。