政治的

From the first chapter to the forth chapter, it summarizes four France capitalistic ideas on equality: the idealistic equality, the empirical equality, the systematized equality, and the singular equality. Then, it can be explored minutely from representative character, advance presupposition, doctrinal content, objective state, practical counterpoint, institutional embodiment, the tend of practice, theory extending and so on. In the fifth chapter, it researches into their contradiction and contestation between the four equalities, indicates their class-conscious essence, and tries to find out a direction to sole these questions. In the sixth chapter, as the intrinsic tendency of soling these deep-seated contradictions of the four equalities, the paper traces the process of France communism from chimerical idea to scientific theory, so that it can point out a gospel: the scientific socialism is the one and only way to surmount these embarrassments of capitalistic theories on equality. At the last chapter, according to our reviews about theories of equality during the hundred years in France, it can conclude some political apocalypse from our history. Owning the wisdom, we could choose our road to the equality, by using these experiences in the west political histories.

第一章到第四章，总结了带有法国资本主义特征的四种平等思想：法国理想平等观、法国经验平等观、法国体系平等观和法国单元平等观，并在代表人物、前提预设、学说内容、目标状态、现实对应、制度体现及其实践倾向和理论扩展等方面进行细致化地考察；第五章，探析四种平等观之间的内在矛盾和论争，指出其学说的阶级本质，同时试图探寻解决问题的方向；第六章，作为解决以上四种平等观之间深层矛盾的内在趋向，文章考察了法国共产主义平等思想由空想向科学的发展，进而指出只有科学社会主义才能走出资本主义平等理论的泥沼；在文章的最后，本文依据对法国百年平等思想史的考察，总结出历史所带给我们的政治启示，以使我们用西方政治的历史经验来选择我们自己的平等之路！

Contemporary art in the eighties was mostly clashing with the system. The nation was in a period of economic and political transformation, and the issue focused on a diametric clash. The problems we face against the backdrop of globalization cannot be covered by just political issues. Today, the system itself is changing. It may be both a restoration of culture and a restoration of the spirit. Maybe in the cultural genes there are some rearrangements, and genes are stronger than we imagined.

八十年代当代艺术主要是和体制对抗，那个时候国家主要处在经济和政治的转型开放时期，问题集中在一个简单的二元对抗，今天在全球化背景下面对的问题远远不止是简单的政治问题所能涵盖的，今天制度本身也在变化，可能既是文化的修复，也是心灵的修复，可能在文化的基因里面有一些基因的重组，基因超乎我们想象的强大。

1950S Singapore: the innocent relationship of a pair of young lovers is sabotaged by strikes organized by Chinese high school students, a marriage of convenience, strong parental disapproval; and a third party waiting desperately in vain for his unrequited love.

五十年代，政治风云频频变化的新加坡；一对青春纯真的恋人，被时代的交替、社会的动乱、父母的反对和政治的婚姻，无情拆散。在两个情侣身上，痛苦并没有终止，爱的荆棘也扎在不能自拔的第三者－－一个多情传信人的心上。

It is the approach to propagate our Party's guiding ideology and the spiritual pillar of the nation.

它是传播党的指导思想和民族精神支柱的手段，是讲政治的保证，是增强综合国力的源泉，是人的素质全面发展的一个重要途径，是培养创新精神和创新人才的先导，是党加强高校思想政治工作的主渠道。

Firstly, democracy can build a good, stable and lasting social order, which is essential to economic development.

本文认为，民主能够营造良好的、稳定的、持久的社会秩序，而这种秩序是社会经济发展的必要条件；民主可以发挥人的积极性，塑造具有责任心、富有创造性的国民，从而充分发挥绝大多数国民的人力资源，而充足的、高质量的人力资源是经济发展的绝对优势；民主可以最大限度地降低政府成本，从而直接间接地提高社会财富总量；民主政治的运作成本往往低于非民主政治的运作成本。

In economy, it is a product of the grand canal economy of China in the 16th century, and embodies the rich connotation of civilian survivance and development in East China. In religion, it shows the activities and belief's status of civilian religion. In philosophy, it sets forth the life attitude of civilians, and it especially shows how should a person correctly treat with the relation as a social person and a natural person. In politics, it tells satirical stories about officials by the civilian angle of view, and shows the political attitude of civilians.

从经济活动上看，它是16世纪中国运河经济文化的产物，体现出中国东部地区民众生存发展的丰富内涵；从宗教意义上看，小说生动而又十分丰富地展示了民间宗教的活动场景与信仰状态；从哲学思想上看，它以各种方式阐述了民众的人生态度，尤其是人应该如何正确处理社会的人与自然的人的关系；从政治态度上看，小说从平民百姓的视角，通过对政府官员故事讽刺性的叙述和评价，表明平民大众对政治的鲜明看法。

With the cahoot of the government and media, as well as the enthusiastic and unbidden cooperation of the most Chinese populace, China becomes one boundless stage in 2008 thoroughly.

奥运会作为体坛盛会，在中国式的政治经济文化土壤里经过多年发酵早已异化膨胀成为一个超级的、巨大的、政治的、经济的、文化的秀场。

In the Oresteia, the political order of Athen mirrors the divine rule and justice; besides, Athene presented as a founder of Areopagus, she turn the old justice of violent revenge towards the new justice of trial, at the ending of the Oresteia, Eumenides and Athene reconcile themselves to their incorporation into the new order.

和索福克勒斯一样，埃斯库罗斯也承认，政治的正义不是基于绝对的道德律令，而&奥瑞斯特亚&中雅典娜建立雅典法庭的意图正是要将古老的复仇正义转向新的法庭正义，并让复仇女神和她自己及其代表的城邦在新的政治秩序中达成和解。

In a word, powerful clan in West and East Han dynasties built and kept clan power, completed step by step the transition from civil society to clan society through the development of powerful clan, especially the patriarchalism of powerful clan, thus forming the foundation of Shi Zu society of Wei and Jindynasties.

第三章 豪族的宗族化进程与汉代社会结构的演变两汉是宗族势力的复苏和重建，在一定程度上取决于豪族势力通过政治联结，逐步控制汉代政治的运行，出现&累世公卿&的名门望族，即豪族的官僚和宗族化来实现的。

Vulnerability to unrest depends on a host of factors. These include the degree of income inequality, the state of governance, levels of social provision, ethnic tensions, public trust in institutions, the history of unrest and the type of political system ("intermediate" regimes that are neither consolidated democracies nor autocracies seem the most vulnerable).

动荡的诱因常常是由一系列因素构成的，包括：收入分配不均的程度，执政水平，社保水平，种族关系，社会机构的公信力，动乱的历史以及政治制度（既不是联合民主也不是独裁政治的&中性&统治似乎是最不稳定的）。

Do you know, i need you to come back

你知道吗，我需要你回来

Yang yinshu、Wang xiangsheng、Li decang,The first discovery of haemaphysalis conicinna.

1〕 杨银书，王祥生，李德昌。安徽省首次发现嗜群血蜱。