政治制度

The autocracies of Russia and China have figured out how to permit open economic activity while suppressing political activity.

俄罗斯与中国的集权制度表明，一方面允许经济的活动性，一方面在政治上实行高压政策，是可以做到的。

Instead of sharp suits and elegant circumlocutions, he favours shapeless sweaters and brutal (expletive-laden) frankness; instead of patient consensus-building, he bulldozes his way through, burying corporate politics and flattening dysfunctional hierarchies as he goes.

并非坚挺的西装和优雅的拐弯抹角，他更喜欢匀称的毛衣和粗暴的率直；并非耐心的建立共识，他碾平他的道路，埋葬公司政治而且推掉不合常理的等级制度。

The behavior of bureaucratized, mediatic, educational, religious, political, commercial institutions that excel in the peddling of prestige through the movement of image-commodities illustrates a core totalizing aim of the spectacular system, focused on the redirection of the meaning of basic social values.

行为的官僚， mediatic ，教育，宗教，政治，商业机构，善于在兜售威望通过运动图像商品说明的一个核心总计目的是壮观的制度，重点是调整的意义基本的社会价值观。

These theories respectively are the governing theory, liability-control theory and trust-deputize theory. The reason why we choose these theory to analyses the problem of incorruptible style supervision system construction of China customs is that the China customs, in theory, ignored the governing of bureaucracy, incompatible the liability-control, and the problem of asymmetry information. Because of the problem of concerning above, in reality, China customs should be appear the problem like feebleness of power of uprightness lead, weakness of superior supervision, catabolizing of polity power, the emptiness of same grade supervision, and failure of incorruptible supervision.

本文认为从这些理论视角出发，我国海关在理论上正是由于不重视科层之间的治理，责任控制无法相互对应，和委托代理产生的信息不对称的问题，而在实践中必然出现现行廉政监督机制的制度缺陷：垂直领导体制下的集权弱化，上级监督&虚监&问题；监督组织政治权威的异化，同级监督&弱监&问题；基层单位高度集权体制下的监督虚化，内部监督&漏监&问题；惩罚失当使腐败收益上升成本降低，廉政监督&失灵&问题等四个方面的弊端。

The industry structure change is companied by the technology upgrade on which is paid attention usually.

转轨背景下的政治、经济等制度则解释了中国产业结构差异的相当一部分。

Reform is definitely not to change the nature, objective, direction, target of the Communist Party of China, or its fundamental organizing system, leading position, political predominance, and superior traditions, but to make the self-development and the task of the Party more adaptable and more conciliated to the requirements of new undertaking in new situations.

改革绝不是要改变党的性质、宗旨、指导思想和奋斗目标，以及党的根本组织制度、领导地位、政治优势和优良传统，而是要使党的自身建设和党的工作更适应、更符合新形势新任务的要求。

Rural land system dominates an important position in politics and economy in China.

农村土地产权制度安排问题，在我国政治经济生活中具有重要意义。

In the course of emending and improving the Accounting Law,it should be taken into account from the basic issues of society,politics and economy to the detailed issues of economics,which requires to construct the accounting regulation system characterized by The Accounting Law as a connecting link between the Constitution,Commercial Law and Economic Law,and other accounting regulations.

我国《会计法》的修订与完善既涉及到社会政治经济演进中的最根本的问题，也涉及到最基础的经济层面中最为具体的问题。要求构建以《会计法》上承宪法、相关商法和经济法，下统其他会计法规为特色的会计法律制度体系。

The backwardness of government system in these areas results in fettering the economic development.

西部民族地方政府体制落后是制约经济发展的关键，因此，我们在实施西部大开发战略，全面建设小康社会的进程中，必须以转变观念为先导，把转变政府职能作为突破口，通过制度创新加快西部地区政府职能的转化，提高西部地方政府依法行政的能力等方式来提升民族自治地方政府能力为重点，改善西部民族自治地方的投资环境和经营环境，营造一个良好的市场机制，是当前西部民族地区地方政府经济工作中的一项重要任务，也是西部民族地区政治文明建设的一项重要任务。

The backwardness of government system in these areas results in fettering the economic development. Thus in the process of developing the west and all-round well-off society, we have to be guided by reformed concepts and break through by improve the government functions. One of crucial targets in present economic schedules of local governments is to improve the investment and management environment in order to build a favorable market system which also is an important task of political civilization construction. This target will be arrived at by quickening the transformation of governmental functions through innovative institutions and focusing on improving the local governmental abilities through enhancing the ability of legal governance.

西部民族地方政府体制落后是制约经济发展的关键，因此，我们在实施西部大开发战略，全面建设小康社会的进程中，必须以转变观念为先导，把转变政府职能作为突破口，通过制度创新加快西部地区政府职能的转化，提高西部地方政府依法行政的能力等方式来提升民族自治地方政府能力为重点，改善西部民族自治地方的投资环境和经营环境，营造一个良好的市场机制，是当前西部民族地区地方政府经济工作中的一项重要任务，也是西部民族地区政治文明建设的一项重要任务。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。