政治制度

But over time, cracks formed in the communist system, says political analyst Jochen Staadt of Berlin's Free University.

但随着时间的推移，裂缝形成的共产主义制度，政治分析家说，约亨斯特柏林自由大学。

From the nationality, the country and the civilization three stratification planes, this article adopt the special method to study the Khazar history, particularly to solve the problems of the origins of Khazars, the establishment of Khazar nation and the empire's formation, the Khazars converted the Judaism, the politic and economic system of the Khazar Empire, the relationships bewteen the Khazar Empire and the other country and so on, and further discusses the reasons for decline and disintegration of the Khazar Empire and its civilization.

从民族、国家与文明三个层面对其进行专题式研究，重点解决哈扎尔民族的起源、哈扎尔国家的建立和帝国的形成、哈扎尔人皈依犹太教的原因及影响、哈扎尔帝国的政治经济制度、哈扎尔帝国与周边国家的关系等问题，并进一步探讨哈扎尔帝国及其文明衰落与解体的原因。

The discussion about effects of trade conflict always concentrated on microlevel and the research on Japan's rising concentrated on political and systematic levels.

研究贸易摩擦的效应大多集中在微观层面，对日本崛起的研究多集中在政治和制度层面。

Under the influence of its specific politics,economics and culture,human resources capability construction in Europe shows the traits that are special and multifaced.

由于特有的政治、经济、文化等因素的影响，欧洲人力资源能力建设呈现出独特而又多元的特点，各国在社会、企业、相关机制及制度方面形成了各自完善而独特的人力资源能力建设体系。

Partyism plays an important role in modern democratic politics.

政党制度是现代民主政治的重要组成部分。

Huntington、a partyless regime lacks a system way to improve society changing and to absorb the impact after changing、and as well、its capacity to realize political ideal、economic goal、and social modernization is even limited.

杭廷顿说：「一个有政党组织的政权，即缺乏推动社会变迁和吸收变迁产生冲击的制度方法，其实现政治、经济和社会现代化的能力也相当有限」。

Ignorance, misunderstanding, resentment, confusion and even killing between East and West are caused by origin, geography, culture, history and political or economic institutional differences, but all these problems will vanish into thin air through communication and knowledge, and the exchange of communication and knowledge just as begun in Marco Polos' time.

东西方之间因为血统、地理、文化、历史以及政治和经济制度上的差异，而发生无知、误解、反感、困惑甚至残杀，可是，这些问题统统都会在沟通与知道中烟消云散，而沟通与知道的旅行就开始于马可波罗们，所以，艺术家采用了一个寓意性的方式而表达他的主题。

This paper discusses, by stating the long period of the cooperation between the Chinese Communist Party and the other democratic parties ,that the system of poly-party cooperation and political consultaion under the leadership of the Communist Porty is the inevitable outcome in the development of Chinese history, and that the political system is the political.

本文通过中国共产党和中国各民主党派长期合作的历史，论述了中国共产党领导的多党合作和政治协商制度是中国历史发展的必然。

To achieve these goals, the following actions must be taken.First,the vertical and horizontal connection of city planning must be strengthened;balance be made between market system and local governments in allocating materials;cooperating systems between city governments be intensified;in order to guarantee the balance between internal structures of urban systems.Second,the stability of agricultural production and provisionment must be guaranteed;rural integration be accelerated;system of land transfer be reformed;rural citizens be given equal status in participating urban development and sharing the fruit of urban development;in order to guarantee the balance between rural and urban development.Third,supervision of upper governments must be strengthened;the "personal rationality" of local governments(the choice of short-term benefits for local area) be restrained and local governments be stimulated to bring into play "collective rationality"; scientific development patterns in active improvement of urban quality and steady enlargement of urban size be insisted;in order to guarantee the balance between urban and economic development,and the balance between improvement of urban quality and enlargement of urban size.Last but not the least,considering the crucial status of urban social development in deciding the socialist direction of urbanization of our country,it\'s essential that social development be made a political responsibility of local governments in order to guarantee the balance between the social and economic development of cities.

为此，应当加强城市规划的纵向与横向衔接，平衡市场机制与地方政府这两只手的资源配置功能，强化地方政府问的合作机制，确保城市体系内在结构的均衡；保证农业生产稳定与粮食供应，加快农村整合，改革土地流转制度，确立农民参与城镇发展的平等地位，合理分享城镇发展成果，实施拖腿扩门并举战略，确保农村发展与城镇发展的均衡；加强上级政府监管，抑制各级地方政府的&个人理性&，促使其更多地发挥出&集体理性&，坚持积极提升城市质量、稳妥扩张城市规模的科学发展模式，确保城市发展与经济发展、城市质量提升与规模扩张的均衡；城市社会发展事关我国城镇化的社会主义方向，要把社会发展作为地方政府无可旁贷的政治责任，才能确保城市社会发展与经济发展的均衡。

Attention should be paid to the study of the cartier of competitive athletics systems.Therefore,we should enhance the political and ideological education of players,study the rules of psychological changes in order to improve and fulfill the content of Chinese competitive athletics system.The system can be compulsively carried out through laws;it can be also practiced and enriched through moral self-discipline by players.We should add cost-consciousness to ideological basis.We will try to keep the fast retainable development of Chinese competitive athletics at the least possible cost.The value of the system of competitive athletics will focus itself on the overall development of players.

特别是要加强运动员思想政治教育、心理变化规律的研究，以完善中国竞技体育的制度内容，既可以通过法律载体以强制的形式出现，又可以通过道德载体以自律的形式予以丰富；思想基础需要增加代价意识，力争中国竞技体育在可持续发展中进步快而代价小；竞技体育的根本目的或者说追求的是人的全面发展。

According to the clear water experiment, aeration performance of the new equipment is good with high total oxygen transfer coefficient and oxygen utilization ratio.

曝气设备的动力效率在叶轮转速为120rpm～150rpm时取得最大值，此时氧利用率和充氧能力也具有较高值。

The environmental stability of that world - including its crushing pressures and icy darkness - means that some of its most famous inhabitants have survived for eons as evolutionary throwbacks, their bodies undergoing little change.

稳定的海底环境─包括能把人压扁的压力和冰冷的黑暗─意谓海底某些最知名的栖居生物已以演化返祖的样态活了万世，形体几无变化。