政治上的

Anticlericalism has usually contributed to secularization in Catholic cultures: since clergy have been the main agents of Christian presence in public life, opposition to priests in politics has entailed opposition to Christianity in modern society.

anticlericalism通常作出贡献的世俗化在天主教文化：自神职人员已成为主要的代理人，基督教的存在在公共生活中，反对神父在政治上已引起反对党基督教在现代社会中。

Each step in the development of the bourgeoisie was accompanied by a corresponding political advance of that class .

资产阶级的这种发展的每一个阶段，都伴随着相应的政治上进展。

For the first century or so of their caliphate, the Abbasids acted as the leaders of Islam both religiously and politically, despite the fact that during this period their authority was rejected by some.

对于第一个多世纪，所以他们的哈里发， abbasids担任领导人的伊斯兰教都受宗教信仰和政治上，尽管事实上，在此期间，他们的权力被否决一些。

In the Marburg Colloquy (1529), arranged to establish doctrinal unity as a preliminary to the political unity of Protestantism, Oecolampadius defended Zwingli's position on the Eucharist against Martin Luther.

在马尔堡座谈会（ 1529年），安排，建立统一理论作为一个初步的政治统一的基督教， Oecolampadius辩护茨温利问题上的立场体对马丁路德。

The need to recognize that a diasporic condition is not always already politically progressive is acute in the Tibetan case, because of the way in which the diasporic struggle has been structured by the Cold War and by the conflation of Chinese-ness with Communism.

认识到侨区状况在政治上不一定总是进步的，对西藏运动至关重要，因为流亡藏人的抗争方法跟冷战以及中国特色与********的结合息息相关。

It will be difficult for these issues not to become a political hot potato.

对这些议题来说，不成为一个政治上棘手的问题是困难的。

This article is adapted from a 2008 article in Psychotherapy and Politics International , which was a revised version of a 2007 lecture presented by the author to the Guild of Psychotherapists.

本文改编自2008年《国际精神疗法与政治》上的论文，该论文是作者对2007年在心理治疗师公会演讲的整理。

As Charles de Gaulle once said,"The big thing in politics is to know when it is time to leave."

就像Charles de Gaulle曾经说的那样&政治上最重要的事情就是要知道该在什么时候离开。&

Presentation at the XIIIth Nordic Political Scienc e Association C onference in Aalborg

通常瑞士的「委员制」也被认为是主要的立宪政府类型之一，但本文认为其在比较政治上缺

Both Communist Party of China and Nationalist Party of China, two major parties and political powers in Chi- nese history, went through revolutionary parties to ruling parties.

中国共产党和中国国民党，是中国历史上的主要政党和政治力量，先后都经历了一个从革命党到掌握全国政权的执政党。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。