政治上的

To realize and maintain civil political liberty, so far as its relatinoship with political system is concerned, power division should be put into practice.

要实现和保证公民的政治自由，从它同政治体制的关系上说，就是要实行分权；从它同公民的关系上说，就是要有良好的刑法，依照犯罪的性质量刑。

He used the American political crime called the Watergate scandal in his novel Jailbird. He was also an early environmental activist.

冯尼格特继续在政治上坦率直言，他把美国政治丑闻――水门事件写进他的小说《 Jailbird 》中。

However, it is evident that if past mistakes, or misguide dactions, have determined the current level of public spending, that level cannot be assumed to be optimal in an economic or even political sense even though it may, in some sense, represent a kind of political equilibrium.

但是，显然，假如过去的错误或者被误导的行为决定现在的公共开支水平，那么，就不能认为，该开支水平是经济甚至政治意义上的最优水平，即使它在某种意义上体现的是某种政治均衡。

The modem social constitutional process is a social authority mechanism that common goround establish,the special inside and outride construction of that can centralize the political will and opinion on basis of presenting observation,negotiationg,debating and communicating,then the widespread and acceptable political decision born.

转贴自：《法学论坛》2006-5，24 原作者：季金华现代社会宪法程序是社会共识建立的权威机制，它特有的内外部结构能够促使在意见的充分陈述、交涉、辩论、沟通的基础上实现政治意见和政治意志的集中，从而形成普遍可接受的政治决策。

corruption has been a platitudinous question. many scholar have analysed the cause of corruption from economy、politics、institution etc.

需要指出的是，在这一过程中并不是要抛弃政治的、法律的手段，在一定时期内必要的政治、法律手段是不可或缺的，因为要从根本上改变人们业已形成的政治心理的影响往往要靠强制力迫使人们改变原有的思维定势和思维习惯。

This paper explores Nicholas Spykman's geographic strategic concept and its significance in the present time.The author holds that Spykman's theory is completely different from that of Mackinder's in that Spykman places more stress on the strategic position of rimland,and in his selectiveness as to which regions he accords importance when emphasizing "rimland".

在20世纪西方战略思想史上，著名美籍荷兰裔国际政治学家尼古拉斯·斯皮克曼是非常突出的一位，他的两部名著《世界政治中的美国战略》与《和平地理学》，不仅是西方地理政治思想史上的重要著作，而且对战后美国对外大战略的形成也产生了深远影响。

Sinn Fein: an Irish political and cultural society founded about 1905 to promote political and economic independence from England, unification of Ireland, and a renewal of Irish culture.

新芬党，1905年建立的爱尔兰政治和文化的政党，旨在寻求政治上和经济上独立于英格兰，以及爱尔兰的统一和爱尔兰文化的复兴。

In the economic aspect, the early state preserved rural commune, the tribute and corvee system, and the reassignment economy. In the political aspect, the early state preserved the fathership government, the hereditary rules, and the indirect domination. Feudalism and Slavishness were two prospects for early states.

本文还从马克思的亚细亚理论出发，从相关的历史材料中归纳出早期国家以下几个方面的特征：1在经济上，早期国家具有农村公社、贡赋与劳役制度、再分配经济等特征；2在政治上，早期国家具有父权制统治形式、世袭制政治制度、间接统治方式等特征；3早期国家的转型有两个基本的方向——封建制国家和奴隶制国家。

Many Nigerians, fed up with the venality of politics, fear that the political establishment will now feel it can be as crooked as it has been in the past—and get away with it as usual.

许多厌倦了政治上贪污腐败的尼日利亚人，害怕这个判决会让那些政治团体觉得可以像以前一样舞弊而又能侥幸成功。

The royal families of Salian and Staufen appointed many imperial ministeriales as imperial offices to support them to rebuild monarchy. The political situation and economic structure in Germany in that period, namely from 11th to 12th centuries, had a deep slow change; on the political situation Germany transferred from monarchy to local governing, namely territorial states; on the other hand, the commerce resumed and new cities established, social lives were in deep changing in Germany.

萨立安尤其是斯陶芬的王室出于巩固及加强王权的需要而大批任用王室封臣，并委以重任。11、12世纪德国的政治格局，经济结构都在发生着缓慢而深刻的变化；政治上德国正在由中央集权向领地邦国制度过渡；经济上农业发展，商业复兴，城市兴起，可以说，德国的方方面面都在变。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。