政治上

In short, up to 14th century, Anjou Parliament has became a political institution with regularly holding, reasonable structure and perfecting systems, and it has some financial powers, legislative power, judicial power and administration power, even in form with the major political functions such as impeaching the minister, deposing the King and changing the dynasty.

总之，14世纪时，安茹议会已经发展成为召开日趋正常化、组织不断完善化、制度初步健全化的政治机构，并且拥有一定的财政权、立法权、司法权与行政权，甚至在形式上具有弹劾大臣、废立国王与改朝换代等重大政治功能。

Starting from the fundamental research rules of anthropogeography and based on the research achievements in other subjects and science,the present paper penetrates into the standard research paradigms of geopolitics and geo-economics and the similarities and differences between them.

笔者从人文地理学的基本研究规律出发，在借鉴其他学科已有研究成果的基础上，深入细致地探讨了地缘政治和地缘经济的研究范式及其异同，将国家利益、地理环境、区域、控制、合作、国内利益关系等作为地缘政治和地缘经济的基本研究范式。

Many white supremacist organizations seem to have shown a tendency to splinter easily, and modern-day white supremacist movements existing on the Internet show a great deal of strife within "The Movement", in a similar way to that observed in movements at the opposite extreme of the political spectrum.

很多白人优越主义组织似乎已呈现出了有容易分裂的趋向，现今出现於互联网上的白人优越主义运动显示出在其「运动」之内有很多内乱。这与在政治谱本里之反极方向上所观察得到的政治运动是十分相似。

Our troops must observe the correct principles that govern relations between the army and the people, between the army and the government, between the army and the Party, between officers and men, and between military work and political work, and relations among the cadres, and must never commit the errors of warlordism.

我们的军队必须在军民关系上、军政关系上、军党关系上、官兵关系上、军事工作和政治工作关系上、干部相互关系上，遵守正确的原则，决不可犯军阀主义的毛病。

According to the paper, the birth of the institution of Zhou is the outcome of many cases, such as the basis of institution of Yin, the restrictions on politics, economy, and culture of the early Zhou, and the balance of potences and interests among those in power.

摘要周礼是在继承殷礼的基础上，在周初政治、经济以及文化条件制约之下，在平衡各种政治势力的权力和利益的基础上诞生。

The macro-analysis shows that the causes of the crisis relate closely with the unbalance economy development, unfinished political reforms, and the unsteady cultural and moral systems in China while the micro-analysis proves that there still exist "vacuum spaces" of management in ideology, systems, subjects and mechanisms.

其诱因在宏观层面上与经济、政治、文化紧密相关，具体表现在经济发展具有不均衡性、政治体制改革有待深化和传统道德文化体系的失稳上；在微观治理方面，则存在着缺陷甚至于&治理真空&，主要表现在意识、体系、主体、体制与机制等方面。

Since private backstage was important in sustaining people's performances on a political front stage, the elimination of the backstage produced even more alienation from the central symbol of their front-stage performance.

想要在政治舞台上有所表现，个人的背景是很重要的，所以，一旦一个人的背景不复存在的时候，他在政治舞台上的中心地位也就分崩离析了。

Abroad and at home, Mr Koizumi is more familiar than both. His sleight-of-hand was to appear to be running against his own Liberal Democratic Party when he was running for it. Yet Mr Koizumi paid mostly only lip-service to the idea of smashing the post-war system in which LDP factions had monopolised—and more recently paralysed—political decisions.

事实上，不管是在国内还是国外，前首相小泉的知名度都要高于鸠山和小泽，尽管他的某些政治策略从表面上看似乎同他的政党，日本自由民主党相悖，然而在打破日本战后自民党垄断政治局面（近来日本政局的情况更是越来越糟）的问题上，这位前首相基本上是只说不做。

We have the honour to make this statement on human rights, sexual orientation and gender identity on behalf of 1 - We reaffirm the principle of universality of human rights, as enshrined in the Universal Declaration of Human Rights whose 60th anniversary is celebrated this year, Article 1 of which proclaims that "all human beings are born free and equal in dignity and rights"; 2 - We reaffirm that everyone is entitled to the enjoyment of human rights without distinction of any kind, such as race, colour, sex, language, religion, political or other opinion, national or social origin, property, birth or other status, as set out in Article 2 of the Universal Declaration of Human Rights and Article 2 of the International Covenants on Civil and Political, Economic, Social and Cultural Rights, as well as in article 26 of the International Covenant on Civil and Political Rights; 3 - We reaffirm the principle of non-discrimination which requires that human rights apply equally to every human being regardless of sexual orientation or gender identity; 4 - We are deeply concerned by violations of human rights and fundamental freedoms based on sexual orientation or gender identity; 5 - We are also disturbed that violence, harassment, discrimination, exclusion, stigmatisation and prejudice are directed against persons in all countries in the world because of sexual orientation or gender identity, and that these practices undermine the integrity and dignity of those subjected to these abuses; 6 - We condemn the human rights violations based on sexual orientation or gender identity wherever they occur, in particular the use of the death penalty on this ground, extrajudicial, summary or arbitrary executions, the practice of torture and other cruel, inhuman and degrading treatment or punishment, arbitrary arrest or detention and deprivation of economic, social and cultural rights, including the right to health; 7 - We recall the statement in 2006 before the Human Rights Council by fifty four countries requesting the President of the Council to provide an opportunity, at an appropriate future session of the Council, for discussing these violations; 8 - We commend the attention paid to these issues by special procedures of the Human Rights Council and treaty bodies and encourage them to continue to integrate consideration of human rights violations based on sexual orientation or gender identity within their relevant mandates; 9 - We welcome the adoption of Resolution AG/RES.

附录：关于性倾向和性别认同联合声明中英文联合声明中文我们很荣幸地代表做出这一关于人权、性倾向和性别认同的声明 1 -如同宣布&所有人类生而自由，平等享有尊严和权利&的《世界人权宣言》——今年是该宣言发表60周年——第1条中所昭示的那样，我们重申人权的普遍性原则； 2 -如同《世界人权宣言》第2条和《公民、政治、经济、社会和文化权利国际公约》第2条及《公民权利和政治权利国际公约》第26条中所陈述的那样，我们重申所有人都有权享有人权，不受任何种类——如种族、肤色、性别、语言、宗教、政治观点或其他观点、国家或社会出身、财产、血统或其他身份——的区别对待； 3 -我们重申要求将所有人权平等应用于所有人类，无论其性倾向或性别认同如何的非歧视原则； 4 -我们深切关注基于性倾向和性别认同的侵犯人权和基本自由的现象； 5 -我们还对世界各国由于性倾向或性别认同而针对人们的暴力、骚扰、歧视、排斥、污名化和偏见，以及这些做法破坏了遭受这些虐待者的完整性和尊严感到不安； 6 -我们谴责基于性倾向和性别认同的侵犯人权行为，无论这些行为发生在哪里，尤其是以此为由使用死刑，法外处决、即审即决或任意处决，酷刑和其他残忍、不人道或有辱人格的待遇或处罚的做法，任意逮捕或拘留，以及剥夺经济、社会和文化权利，包括健康权； 7 -我们回想起2006年，五十四个国家在人权理事会面前发言，请求理事会主席提供一个未来在适当的理事会会议上讨论这些侵犯人权行为的机会； 8 -我们赞赏人权理事会特别程序和条约机构对这些问题给予的关注，并且鼓励他们继续将对基于性倾向和性别认同的侵犯人权事件的考虑纳入其有关权限中； 9 -我们欢迎美洲国家组织大会在其2008年6月3日的第38次会议上通过了关于&人权、性倾向与性别认同&的AG/RES。

In the traditional idea political education, the teacher and the students are inequality under the philosophic base of subject and object in binary fission, and the inculcation model without necessary conversation results in the bad education.

从哲学层面讲，在思想政治教育中，教育者作为教育主体相对于教育对象这一客体是居于逻辑先在地位的，但仅仅是一种逻辑上的先在性，决不意味着教育者可以把自己的政治愿望生搬硬套在教育对象上。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。