政治上

Hobhouse was not the most brilliant thinker in the history of English political thoughts, but his social harmony thoughts played a great role in the history of Western political thoughts.

霍布豪斯在英国政治思想史上并非是最为耀眼的思想家，但他的社会和谐思想却在西方政治思想史上留下了深厚的一笔。

On the base of deep understanding of its meanings and effect, we analyze the relation of campus culture and political guidance, and summavize the practical significance of enhancing the campus culture in military college, Subsequently we emplasize the important idea that campus culture is the very carrier of political guidance in military college. We give general comments on the current campus cultural activities in most military colleges, furthermore we point out the imperceptivity in the cognizance, decision and implement. Finally we make the following suggestions to deal with the cultivation of campus culture: to insure the correct direction of construction of campus culture, to foster the excellent cultural atmosphere in campus, to shape individual cultural characteristics of military colleges, to keep up the energetic sprit; to make good use of campus network, to bring up the campus cultural personnel.

在分析军校校园文化的内涵和作用的基础上，论述了军校校园文化建设与军校政治工作的关系，指出了军校加强校园文化建设的现实意义，阐明了军校校园文化是军校思想政治工作的重要载体的观点；对当前军校的校园文化建设进行了总结，对军校学员的业余文化生活进行了调查分析，指出了其在认识高度、决策方式、实施方法上的差距；最后，给出了军校的校园文化建设的对策：把握校园文化建设的方向、创建校园文化的优良氛围、注重人文精神的培养、培养昂扬的精神风貌、发挥网络文化的积极作用、加强校园文化的人才队伍建设。

The dissertation tries to improve the comprehension of New Political Economy in terms of theory by recounting-reviewing method.

本文试图运用述评相结合的方法，探索新政治经济学，力求在理论上对新政治经济学的认识上有所增进。

However, it is evident that if past mistakes, or misguide dactions, have determined the current level of public spending, that level cannot be assumed to be optimal in an economic or even political sense even though it may, in some sense, represent a kind of political equilibrium.

但是，显然，假如过去的错误或者被误导的行为决定现在的公共开支水平，那么，就不能认为，该开支水平是经济甚至政治意义上的最优水平，即使它在某种意义上体现的是某种政治均衡。

Conference Communique "on the promotion of world peace and cooperation, the Declaration," stressed that China advocates a "mutual respect for sovereignty and territorial integrity, mutual nonaggression, noninterference in each other's internal affairs, equality and mutual benefit, and peaceful" coexistence is the Asian-African countries an important contribution to norms governing international relations.

毛泽东主席1957年在莫斯科向全世界庄严宣告，中国坚决主张一切国家实行和平共处五项原则。1963年底至1964年初周总理出访亚洲、非洲和欧洲14国时提出我国经济援助的八项原则，把五项原则扩展到经济领域。1974年邓小平同志在特别联大上再次强调，国家之间的政治和经济关系应建立在和平共处五项原则基础上。1988年邓小平同志更明确提出以和平共处五项原则为准则，建立国际政治经济新秩序。

It's very clear, most studys are about petticoat influence. Today, the points of the study become more and more.

近年来的研究多集中在外戚政治这个专题上，更确切地说是集中在外戚政治的出现及其长期存在的原因上。

This paper explores Nicholas Spykman's geographic strategic concept and its significance in the present time.The author holds that Spykman's theory is completely different from that of Mackinder's in that Spykman places more stress on the strategic position of rimland,and in his selectiveness as to which regions he accords importance when emphasizing "rimland".

在20世纪西方战略思想史上，著名美籍荷兰裔国际政治学家尼古拉斯·斯皮克曼是非常突出的一位，他的两部名著《世界政治中的美国战略》与《和平地理学》，不仅是西方地理政治思想史上的重要著作，而且对战后美国对外大战略的形成也产生了深远影响。

It may show essential characteristic of human rights infringement and present to be unintegrated human rights, if doing with others' intrinsic rights freely or tyrannizing in social competition. It is the results of human rights infringement produced by brutal force in the society and politics, and of conflicts and turbulence in the society or policies.

如在别人固有的权利上随意处置，在社会竞争中的权利上横行霸道，这就是侵犯人权的本质特征，也是不融合的人权，并是社会中和政治中的野蛮势力制造出的侵犯人权的结果，这又是伴随着社会或政治冲突或动荡不安的结果。

For over half a century, on the lawmaking layer of the fundamental law, India gets rid of religion entirely, and establishes democracy system, which has been pushed for sure. In the lawmaking of the crime law and the civil law, on the whole, fulfill the construction of amending or reenacting law system, according to the modern criterion of the occident law system. In the lawmaking of personal relation, though still take on myriad tint of religion, yet by comparison with the Indian society before independent, it has made a huge progress, which is the successful part of the secularization. However, still some deficiency, such as a majority of Indian citizens have dotty law ideas, in the political and legal system can't get rid of religion thoroughly, the legal applicability of the judicial branch is still at the mercy of the religious power, which incarnate the bugs of the secularization.

半个多世纪以来，印度国家在根本大法的立法层面上完全脱离宗教影响的情况下确立了民主政治制度，并已得到确实推行；在刑事、民事立法中，基本上完成了按照西方现代法制的要求而进行了修改或重新制定的法律体系的建设过程；在人身关系立法方面，虽然仍有着种种的宗教色彩，但与独立前的印度社会相比较，已经有了长足的进步，这些都是印度法律世俗化的成功之处，但其中也不足，主要是印度大多数国民的法律观念仍然淡薄，政治法律制度上仍未能完全摆脱宗教的影响，司法部门的法律适用仍受宗教势力所左右等方面，都体现出印度法律世俗化的缺陷。

However, in the new situations there are still many problems cannot be neglected, such as un-uniform understanding of ideological and political work of ocean shipping, commissars lack of power and interest, low making of some commissars, deficiency of navigation education, psychology problems of sailors, etc.

但是当前的新形势下，我国远洋船舶思想政治工作仍然存在着一些不容忽视的问题，如对船舶思想政治工作认识不统一、船舶政委在权与利方面的缺失与弱化、部分船舶政委素质偏低，此外，船员队伍中也存在着一些问题。这些问题的存在有体制上和思想认识上的原因，同时，也由于我国航海教育存在着不足之处、远洋船员的心理健康问题未受到足够重视。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。