政治

It is necessary to reform the political system which is unadapted the development of economic society and politics to construct the socialistic democracy politics, so that we can realize the democracy...

建设社会主义政治文明就是要改革不适应经济社会和政治发展的政治体制，适应经济和政治发展要求完善国家体制和运用新的治理方式，使社会主义民主政治理念得以逐步实现，其中，最根本的是要把坚持党的领导、人民当家作主和依法治国有机统一起来。

It is necessary to reform the political system which is unadapted the development of economic society and politics to construct th e socialistic democracy politics,so that we can realize the democracy poli tical idea of socialism step by step.The most important is to unify the p arty's leadship,people being themselves master and managing the state by l aw.

建设社会主义政治文明就是要改革不适应经济社会和政治发展的政治体制，适应经济和政治发展要求完善国家体制和运用新的治理方式，使社会主义民主政治理念得以逐步实现，其中，最根本的是要把坚持党的领导、人民当家作主和依法治国有机统一起来。

The introduction first briefly reviews Western Europe\'s universal order of "recht" in middle ages: As independent political units, the city, the manor, the church parish, the ligeance and so on were set in a rank order, the relations between each rank were established in legal form, empire represented the highest rank, and simultaneously played an arbitrator\'s role, was the arbitrator of political units subordinated to the emperor. All of these ranks were placed in natural order created by God, thus, the Christianity religious doctrine had provided the final validity for the universal legal orders; then the symbiotic of the political evolution and the legal transformation will be discussed. Western jurisprudence resided in the Church during the middle Ages, after entering into modern era, resorted to the state."State" instead of "empire" became the basic concept of modem law, and new order of "recht" was bound to make legitimate argumentation for the nation; finally, the background and sketches of this article is explained. It will trace and analyze intrinsic evolution of the idea of legal order in the background of concrete politics--especially the geopolitics, inspects how the different nation-states split up from universal Christianly world and obtain their independence, inspecting differences of respective national path, the fit or unfit quality and the success or failure in this process.

导论首先简要回顾西欧中世纪大一统的法权秩序：作为独立政治单元的各城市、庄园、教区、领地等被镶嵌在一个等级秩序中，各个等级之间以法律的形式来确立相互之间的关系，帝国代表最高等级，同时扮演仲裁人的角色，是臣属其下的各个政治单元之间的仲裁者，而帝国等级又被安置在上帝创造的自然秩序中，因而，是基督教教义为大一统的法权秩序提供了最终的合法性；接着指出西欧政治演变与法权变革的共生性：西方法学在中世纪寄身于教会之中，进入近代以后则投靠了国家，&国家&代替&帝国&，成为近代法学构造的基本概念，新的法权秩序必然围绕民族国家展开；最后说明本文的论述方式和基本思路：本文将在具体的政治——特别是地缘政治——的背景中，追踪和解析法权观念的内在演变，由此进一步****不同民族国家内、异质的法权秩序如何从过去大一统的世界中分化剥离并获得独立，并试图检讨这一过程中不同民族道路的差异、优劣和得失。

At present,according to the defects on ideological and political work for college students, Labeling Theory functions directively on ideological and political work: avoid tagging on students;avoid bringing about negative influence between teachers and students interaction;together with other social forces,ideological and.

标签理论是西方犯罪学研究犯罪原因的一个重要理论，对高校思想政治工作亦不乏指导意义：思想政治工作主体要避免给学生贴标签；思想政治工作者要防止师生之间的互动给学生带来消极影响；思想政治工作须与社会其他力量一起提供适合大学生健康成长的社会化环境；思想政治工作对待犯罪大学生应采取人性化的帮教手段。

Christian dualistic conception of man is casted on the state and forms a new conception of state.

基督教的二元政治观不仅是一种政治哲学，还是基督徒大众的政治认知方式、政治信仰和政治态度。

The whole Party pitching in and taking charge of this work.(9) setting typical examples for people to follow them. In chapter 4, the author suggests that ideological and political work is our Party"s "lifeline" and "central link, which must be carried forward and brought forth new ideas. According to such new situations and cases as the diversity of social life, the globalization of economy and information, the new struggle situation in the ideological sphere and so on. ideological and political work needs new ideas, and the work must adhere to the major principles as follows:(1) To correctly deal with the relationship of strengthening and improvement succession and innovation as well as creatively carrying out work based on strengthening and carrying forward.(2) To respect the mass initial creation spirit, further consolidate the consciousness of practice and unceasingly sum up and spread the new experiences of ideological and political work.(3) To adhere to realities, master the law and intensify the aim.(4) To make use of modem scientific technology and results of social science.(5) Under the premise of insisting on the above principles, to forcefully bring forth new ideas into ideologic

在第四章中，笔者提出思想政治工作是我党的&生命线&和&中心环节&，必须继承和发扬这一优良传统；新的形势和新的情况，如社会生活的多样性、经济和信息的全球化、思想领域斗争的新形势等，要求思想政治工作必须创新；思想政治工作创新必须坚持以下主要原则：必须正确处理好加强和改进、继承与创新的关系，在加强和继承的基础上创造性地开展工作；必须充分尊重群众的首创精神，进一步强化实践意识，不断总结推广思想政治工作的新经验；必须贴近现实、把握规一津、增强针对性：必须应用现代科学技术和社会科学的发展成果；在坚持以上原则的前提下，新时期思想政治工作必须在观念和思路、内容和载体、方法和手段以及制度方面予以重大创新。

His political thought is a kind of realism that benefits the realization of political value and political ideal, not a kind of immoralism that throws them out of the door.

韩非子的现实主义政治思想是有利于政治价值、政治理想实现的现实主义，而不是抛弃政治理想、政治价值的&非道德主义&的现实主义。

This article is divided into three parts: The first part elaborated the connotation of political culture in the new countryside, at first the political culture is one kind of internal social politics consciousness, is one kind of invisible strength, it may instruct political behavior of the main body profoundly, stably, lastingly.

本文共分三个部分：论文第一部分论述了新农村政治文化的内涵，政治文化首先是一种内在于心的社会政治意识，是一种无形的力量，可以深刻、稳定、持久地指导政治行为主体的政治行为。

The high-degree integrated traditional political culture of China was strongly impacted by the western powerful culture in modem times and caused its adjustments, so the historical journey of Chinese traditional political culture was displayed as the course of the nativistic movement. The history logic from 1840 to 1901 suggests that the crisis of Chinese traditional political culture in modern times be unprecedented and it could not be saved unless it should be replaced by a completely-new cultural form through the nativistic movement.

具有高度整合性的中国传统政治文化在近代遭遇了西方强势文化的冲击并由此展开了顽强抵抗和回应性调整，因此中国传统政治文化的近代行程表现为本土运动的历史行程。1840—1901年间中国传统政治文化本土运动的历史逻辑表明：中国传统政治文化在近代遭遇的危机是空前和全面的整体性危机，非本土运动所能自救，最终不得不进行全面的革故鼎新，以一种新的政治文化替代之。

The high-degree integrated traditional political culture of China was strongly impacted by the western powerful culture in modem times and caused its adjustments, so the historical journey of Chinese traditional political culture was displayed as the course of the nativistic movement. The history logic from 1840 to 1901 suggests that the crisis of Chinese traditional political culture in modem times be unprecedented and it could not be saved unless it should be replaced by a completely-new cultural form through the nativistic movement.

具有高度整合性的中国传统政治文化在近代遭遇了西方强势文化的冲击并由此展开了顽强抵抗和回应性调整，因此中国传统政治文化的近代行程表现为本土运动的历史行程。1840-1901年间中国传统政治文化本土运动的历史逻辑表明：中国传统政治文化在近代遭遇的危机是空前和全面的整体性危机，非本土运动所能自救，最终不得不进行全面的革故鼎新，以一种新的政治文化替代之。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。