政治

Through analysing and studying new era status quo and the correlation of component of forces of composition of forces of the process of university"s ideological and political education,that university"s ideological and political education is systems engineering will be not only mastered , but also that will advance the development of the theory of university"s ideological and political education,and strengthen the education of university students and optimize the educational system of university"s ideological and political to make the educative system of universitys ideological and political syncretic ,keeping consistant direction and obstaining enough energetic resultant force .

分析研究新时期高校思想政治教育过程合力的现状以及各分力间的相互关系，不仅能更加准确地把握高校思想政治教育是一项系统工程，增强高校思想政治教育的实效性、针对性，而且更能促进高校思想政治教育理论的发展，进一步加强高校大学生思想政治教育，优化高校思想政治教育系统，从而，使得高校思想政治教育系统能有机融合，保持方向一致，获得足够大能量的合力。

Making sure the cognition of our traditional political culture, the article probes into the four phases of its naissance and development: moral、Tao、amenity、logos; and discusses the soil of naissance: agriculture economy is long-standing、the society configuration patriarchal clan system 、Confucianism come into national ideology、the masterdom of Realpolitik; and describes its characteristic: the paternalistic political culture、the political culture worship power 、the political culture of lay store by civilian、the self-discipline political culture、the political culture of potential rules、the equalitarian political culture.

基于对我国传统政治文化以上的界定，探讨了我国传统政治文化的形成和发展过程的四个阶段：德、道、义、理；其赖以生存的土壤：小农自然经济的长期延续、宗法族制的社会结构、儒学的国家意识形态化、权力阶层的支配与匡约；以及其外在的表现特征：家长本位的政治文化、权力崇拜的政治文化、重民的政治文化、自律诉求的政治文化、"潜规则"的政治文化、均平取向的政治文化。

After lift curfew the "authoritarian- democracy" of political transformation process, the government pushes a series of political reform, the Taiwan politics enters the period of liberalism, democratization and ethnicism , the elections also affect the development of the party politics, changing the type of the Taiwan party politics, the political liberalism all reduced people to express their ideals cost in the meantime, as a result helped aborigines movements .The aborigines movements starts from aborigine society movement to aborigines' movements, till the movement of reconstruction of the subjective in each tribe, In such situation, the multiculturalism becomes the new direction of the Taiwanese aborigines policy.

研究结果发现随著解严后从「威权—民主」的政治转型过程，政府推动一连串政治改革，台湾政治进入自由化、民主化与族群化时期，各类选举也牵动政党政治的发展，改变台湾政党政治的型态，同时政治自由化均降低了人民表达其意识形态、观念、理想的成本，因而促成原住民族运动在内的政治、社会运动风潮，原住民运动历经从原住民社会运动到原住民族运动到各民族的主体重建运动等历程，就是在这样的政治发展情势与原住民族运动压力下，多元文化主义的原住民族政策就成为台湾原住民族政策的新方向。

Political apathy is a concept opposite to political participation, which means a negative attitude in political activities, nonparticipation in political life, and disinterest in political issues.

政治冷漠，是一个与政治参与相对应的概念，即在政治活动和政治行为中表现出消极的政治态度，不参加政治生活，对于政治问题和政治活动的冷漠和不关心。

The basically frame of the thesis is:1 behave and specialty of joining the WTO to Chinese political development"s influencing(1) Acting each other of economy and politics(2) Influence and exhibition of political development(3) Total characteristic of Chinese political development taking on after joining the WTO.2 New challenge to Chinese political development after joining the WTO(1) Increase of participate in politics and grade of democratization(2) Adapting to the WTO"s economy of legal system(3) Again orientation of government and market(4) Rebirth of ad minis rational culture(5) Removing system"s obstacle, ensuring efficient unblocked of circulate mechanism(6) Maintenance of national3 countermeasure of Chinese political development after joining WTO(1) Thought of guidance(2) Strengthen legislation of nation, carry through justice innovation(3) Pouter"s choice of Chinese characteristic democracy(4) Criterion in reason of government"s power, advancing to degree of science decision-making(5) Government management mode"s transformation(6) Pushing advanced view of administrational value

论文基本框架如下：一、入世对中国政治发展影响的表现及特点经济与政治的互动入世对政治发展的影响和表现入世后中国政治发展呈现的总的特点二、加入WTO后，对中国政治发展提出的新挑战政治参与民主化程度的提高适应们的法制经济政府与市场的重新定位行政文化观更新排除体制性障碍，保证运行机制的高效畅通国家利益的维护三、加入们后，中国政治发展的对策指导思想加强国内立法，进行司法改革有中国特色的民主政治的路径选择政府权力合理规范，提高诀策科学化程度转变政府管理方式推行先进的行政价值观

Jiang Zemin"s theory of ideological political work has affluent contents and abundant opinions. On the basis of extensive reading, analyzing, inducting, researching on Jiang Zemin"s report about ideology political work and important document of the third central leadership, using system analyzing method, com out the main ideas. That is with regard to rank and function of ideological political work, objective and tack of ideological political work, object of ideological political work, principle of ideological political work, basic content of ideological political work, method of ideological political work, leading of ideological political work.

江泽民思想政治工作学说内容丰富，观点众多，在大量阅读、分析、归纳、研究江泽民关于思想政治工作的重要文献的基础上，经过了系统分析与梳理，主要阐述了关于思想政治工作的地位与作用，关于思想政治工作的目标与任务，关于思想政治工作的对象，关于思想政治工作的原则，关于思想政治工作的内容，关于思想政治工作的方式方法，以及关于思想政治工作的领导几个方面的具体内容。

News 1 政治 United Nations Security Council is 13deadlocked on whether to accept a tough new US resolution authorizing the use of force against Iraq.

政治 联合国安理会在关于是否接受美国新的关于对伊拉克动武的强硬决议时陷入僵局。

The main concern of this dissertation is the relations between republicanism and modern political society. It demonstrates that republican commitment is the legitimacy of modern politics, which means that all members of a civic community share the political sovereignty and civic community should put more emphasize collective self-rule, but both dynamics of modern society and cotemporary dominating political social and moral language of liberalism go against the republicanism's commitment, so this dissertation explores that the civic community should renew the common good, regenerate the deliberative public sphere and foster civic virtue so as to remedy the maladies of modern society.

本文的核心问题是共和主义与现代政治的相关性，主要论点是现代政治的正当性基础在于共和政治的公民共同体全体成员共同享有政治主权，也即公民共同体集体自治原则，但是现代政治一方面是建立在对共和政治的规范性承诺基础之上，另一方面现代社会的内在动力以及现代社会的主流政治社会道德话语对于共和政治的实现和维持或者存在威胁，或者隐含缺陷，要维持和实现共和政治的规范性承诺，需要恢复公共善的优先性、重建协商的公共领域以及塑造公民德性。

Kyrgyzstan\'s political transformation is theresult of series complex factors,As the interactional relationship of politics andecnomics,economical factors is the basic factors,traditional political cultural,whichresults in the negative factors of the countury\'s democratical politicaltransformation,is the main factor of non-institutionalism of political transforming.national relationship and religional extremelist are another importantfactors,which have an impact on steady environment and building of nationalcountries;Kyrgyzstan\'s political transformation,which drops into the dilemma ofblind imitation,is influenced by external powersIt\'s concluded six points by summarizing the efforts of Kyrgyzstan\'sdemocratical political transformation.at the same time,bringing forward my ownopinions about our country towards the academic development of western politics andthe experience of Kyrgyzstan\'s political transformation.

吉尔吉斯斯坦政治转型是一系列内外综合因素互为作用的结果。就政治与经济的互动关系而言，经济因素无疑是影响吉政治转型的基本动因；传统政治文化是导致吉民主化政治转型中出现恶质因素，政治运作非制度化的重要动因；民族关系和宗教极端势力是影响吉政治转型所需和谐稳定环境以及民族国家建构的另一重要因素；吉政治转型陷入盲从模仿及摇摆不定的困境在很大程度上与外部势力的影响不无关系。结语通过吉尔吉斯斯坦民主化政治转型绩效的总结分析得出了本文研究的六点结论；同时就西方政治发展理论与吉尔吉斯斯坦政治转型实践的悖论给予中国的启示提出了自己的看法。

Making sure the cognition of our traditional political culture, the article probes into the four phases of its naissance and development: moral、Tao、amenity、logos; and discusses the soil of naissance: agriculture economy is long-standing、the society configuration patriarchal clan system 、Confucianism come into national ideology、the masterdom of Realpolitik; and describes its characteristic: the paternalistic political culture、the political culture worship power 、the political culture of lay store by civilian、the self-discipline political culture、the political culture of potential rules、the equalitarian political culture.

基于对我国传统政治文化以上的界定，探讨了我国传统政治文化的形成和发展过程的四个阶段：德、道、义、理；其赖以生存的土壤：小农自然经济的长期延续、宗法族制的社会结构、儒学的国家意识形态化、权力阶层的支配与匡约；以及其外在的表现特征：家长本位的政治文化、权力崇拜的政治文化、重民的政治文化、自律诉求的政治文化、&潜规则&的政治文化、均平取向的政治文化。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。