政府

From the relevant industrial cluster concept, character, and the need for government intervention start knorria from Peter and Jorg meyer Klemens put into industrial clusters Italy - and satellite-based, wheel-classification by industry sector clusters causes of their property cluster consists of a government-led, self-accumulation, Three types of embedded foreign investment; Porter new competition, in accordance with economic theory of the birth of industrial clusters, development and the impact of the decline of factors and the corresponding role of government research ideas, try to industry clusters from the perspective of evolution, dynamic view and thinking in different stages of the evolution of the changing role; and efforts to integrate national and domestic industry clusters unique environment, as well as the stage of development. provide relevant policy recommendations, the government should play a clear role.

本文从产业集群的相关概念、特性、以及政府干预的必要性着手，借鉴Peter knorria和Jorg meyer Stamer把产业集群分为意大利式、卫星式、轮轴式的分类方法，按产业集群的成因把产业集群分为政府主导、自我积累、外资嵌入3种类型；依照波特新竞争经济理论中对产业集群诞生、发展和衰亡的影响因素及相应政府作用的研究思路，尝试着从产业集群演进这个视角下，动态的看待和思考政府在不同演进阶段的角色转变问题；并努力结合国情和国内产业集群的独特环境，以及所处的发展阶段，提供相应的政策建议，明确政府应扮演的角色。

From the relevant industrial cluster concept, character, and the need for government intervention start knorria from Peter and Jorg meyer Klemens put into industrial clusters Italy - and satellite-based, wheel-classification by industry sector clusters causes of their property cluster consists of a government-led, self-accumulation, Three types of embedded foreign investment; Porter new competition, in accordance with economic theory of the birth of industrial clusters, development and the impact of the decline of factors and the corresponding role of government research ideas, try to industry clusters from the perspective of evolution, dynamic view and thinking in different stages of the evolution of the changing role; and efforts to integrate national and domestic industry clusters unique environment, as well as the stage of development. provide relevant policy recommendations, the government should play a clear role.

本文从产业集群的相关概念、特性、以及政府干预的必要性着手，借鉴Peter knorria和Jorg meyer Stamer把产业集群分为意大利式、卫星式、轮轴式的分类方法，按产业集群的成因把产业集群分为政府主导、自我积累、外资嵌入三种类型；依照波特新竞争经济理论中对产业集群诞生、发展和衰亡的影响因素及相应政府作用的研究思路，尝试着从产业集群演进这个视角下，动态的看待和思考政府在不同演进阶段的角色转变问题；并努力结合国情和国内产业集群的独特环境，以及所处的发展阶段，提供相应的政策建议，明确政府应扮演的角色。

The author provides the following conclusions:To Chinese administrative reorganization, the market economy is the economic basis institutional innovation is the majo...

文章认为：市场经济是我国政府行政改革的经济基础；制度创新是我国政府行政改革的主要途径；精简机构，提高政府效能是我国政府行政改革的行为诉求；社会经济的持续稳定发展是我国政府行政改革的战略取向。

The author studied foreign sports insurance system modes and their inspi-ration to China, and revealed the following findings: different countries have different sports insurance system modes: 1 sports insurance system mode governed and participated by the government; 2 civil sports insurance system mode supported by the government; 3 commercial sports insurance system mode sponsored by the govern-ment; 4 sports insurance system mode selectively supported by the government; 5 sports insurance system mode monopolistically run by the government.

对国外体育保险制度模式及其对我国的启示进行了研究。研究表明，各个国家有不同的体育保险制度模式：(1)政府主导参与型体育保险制度模式；(2)政府支持下的民间体育保险制度模式；(3)政府资助的商业性体育保险制度模式；(4)政府重点选择性扶持型体育制度模式；(5)政府垄断经营体育保险制度模式。

Firstly, in a learning government, everyone goes through formal learning, nonformal learning and informal learning to improve knowledge, skill and attitude, and further to promote self-realization and organization development.

本文以学习型政府的变革与发展策为题，旨在解析学习型政府的概内涵；探究学习型政府的发展背景与影响势；剖析学习型政府的深层变革；提出学习型政府的具体发展策。

The basic function of county government is to perfect the configuration of market economy system to create basic conditions for the performance of market system by institutional innovation; the guiding function refers to the one that county government creates the development plans, strategies, policies and economic levers to promote the agricultural modernization, county industrialization,and urbanization for driving the county developmant; organizational function means that county government carries out the correct measures of industrial organization to avoid infavorable impact of overcompetition on economy and to improve the development and competitivity; regulatory function performs when county government regulates the conducts of market bodies by economic, legislative and administrative means to solve the externality and to sustain the development; and the complementory function acts on market by government supplying the public goods and harmonizing the social development.

基础性作用即县级政府通过一系列市场化的制度创新，建立完善了市场经济体制的基本框架，为市场机制发挥作用创造了基础条件；主导性作用即县级政府通过发展规划、发展战略、经济政策和经济杠杆，促进农业现代化、县域工业化和城镇化，使县域经济发展更具主动性；组织性作用即县级政府实施正确的产业组织措施，克服过度竞争对县域经济发展的不利影响，提高县域经济运行质量和竞争力；矫正性作用即县级政府通过一系列经济、法律、行政手段，对市场主体的行为进行调节，解决县域经济的外部性问题，使县域经济提高效率，实现可持续发展；补充性作用即县级政府发挥对市场的补充作用，主导公共产品供给，从根本上解决县域公共产品短缺问题，实现经济社会协调发展。

To achieve these goals, the following actions must be taken.First,the vertical and horizontal connection of city planning must be strengthened;balance be made between market system and local governments in allocating materials;cooperating systems between city governments be intensified;in order to guarantee the balance between internal structures of urban systems.Second,the stability of agricultural production and provisionment must be guaranteed;rural integration be accelerated;system of land transfer be reformed;rural citizens be given equal status in participating urban development and sharing the fruit of urban development;in order to guarantee the balance between rural and urban development.Third,supervision of upper governments must be strengthened;the "personal rationality" of local governments(the choice of short-term benefits for local area) be restrained and local governments be stimulated to bring into play "collective rationality"; scientific development patterns in active improvement of urban quality and steady enlargement of urban size be insisted;in order to guarantee the balance between urban and economic development,and the balance between improvement of urban quality and enlargement of urban size.Last but not the least,considering the crucial status of urban social development in deciding the socialist direction of urbanization of our country,it\'s essential that social development be made a political responsibility of local governments in order to guarantee the balance between the social and economic development of cities.

为此，应当加强城市规划的纵向与横向衔接，平衡市场机制与地方政府这两只手的资源配置功能，强化地方政府问的合作机制，确保城市体系内在结构的均衡；保证农业生产稳定与粮食供应，加快农村整合，改革土地流转制度，确立农民参与城镇发展的平等地位，合理分享城镇发展成果，实施拖腿扩门并举战略，确保农村发展与城镇发展的均衡；加强上级政府监管，抑制各级地方政府的&个人理性&，促使其更多地发挥出&集体理性&，坚持积极提升城市质量、稳妥扩张城市规模的科学发展模式，确保城市发展与经济发展、城市质量提升与规模扩张的均衡；城市社会发展事关我国城镇化的社会主义方向，要把社会发展作为地方政府无可旁贷的政治责任，才能确保城市社会发展与经济发展的均衡。

The institutional change dominated by the government in our country has the following characteristics: The basic line and criteria of the institutional change are established by the government; in a institution-suppliers capacity, the government supplies institutions by the means of laws, legal provisions, policies and so on; the government sets up the barriers for institutional innovation and restricts the institutional innovation of the main body in market; the government selectedly promotes the happening of induced institutional change and improves its level of standardization and institutionalisation .

我国政府主导型制度变迁有如下特点：由政府设定制度变迁的基本路线和准则；政府以制度供给者的身份，通过法律、法规、政策等手段实施制度供给；政府设置制度进入壁垒，限制微观主体的制度创新活动；政府有选择地促进诱致性制度变迁的发生，并提高其规范化、制度化水平。

The thesis includes five parts: Chapter 1 distinguishes the government and local government, government and local government debt, and assorts the local government debts.

全文共分五部分。第一部分，对政府与地方政府，政府与地方政府债务进行了界定，并对地方政府债务进行了分类。

Only when tribes conflict and cloister conflict, it emerges the scene, finally people have identity criers to the sate. So we know that there is a special power operational mechanism; the religion power promotes to the charismatic authority; it becomes the basal force that the government has to depend on. Otherwise, the political power of local government is hard to exert the realgovernment effect, and produces disabled government——he value identificationbetween Confucian culture and local of XunHua Tibetan area will be transplacement.

由此造成了循化藏区独特的权力运作机制：部落权力构成了整个权力运作机制的基垫，其他两种权力只有通过它才能发挥作用；宗教权力上升为魅力型的权威，虽然在总体上须仰仗清中央政府而取得相应的合法性，甚至还要屈从于地方政府的强制力，然而在面对地方政府时却具有相对的优越性，成为地方政府不得不依赖的基本力量；否则，地方政府所具有的政治权力，很难真正发挥相应的效力，就会产生了另外一种政府失效——儒家文化范畴与循化藏区地方性知识间的文化张力导致的价值认同错位。

Singer Leona Lewis and former Led Zeppelin guitarist Jimmy Page emerged as the bus transformed into a grass-covered carnival float, and the pair combined for a rendition of "Whole Lotta Love".

歌手leona刘易斯和前率领的飞艇的吉他手吉米页出现巴士转化为基层所涵盖的嘉年华花车，和一双合并为一移交&整个lotta爱&。

This is Kate, and that's Erin.

这是凯特，那个是爱朗。