放射现象

The case presentation is a 70 year-old male patient who sought medical attention because of odynophagia and a right neck mass. He had a history of smoking for 50 years. Initial biopsy result was an undifferentiated carcinoma and he received a total laryngectomy combined with partial pharyngectomy and pharyngeal reconstruction and radical neck dissection. The final pathologic diagnosis is small cell carcinoma. He was then given post-operative radiotherapy. More than two years of follow-up shows no recurrence or distant metastases.

本院於2001年8月曾经治疗过1个下咽部小细胞癌之患者，他是一个菸龄50年的70岁男性，因为吞咽疼痛及右侧颈部肿块而来就诊，经切片检查结果为未分化癌，於是住院接受全喉切除并部份咽部切除与重建和右侧根除式颈部淋巴廓清术手术，手术后病理报告证实为小细胞癌，术后并接受放射治疗，追踪至今2年多，并无复发及远处转移的现象。

Be produced in electron tubes is thermionic emission, in which advantage is taken of the fact if a solid body is heated sufficiently, some of the electrons it contains will escape from its surface into the surrounding space .

将固体加热到足够温度时，它所含的电子就有一部分离它所含的电子就有一部分离开表面，飞逸到周围空间中，，这种现象叫做热离子放射。电子管通常就是利用这种方法来产生自由电子的。

Mechanistically, the irradiation was found to alter the salient toughening mechanisms, manifest by the progressive elimination of the bone's capacity for plastic deformation which restricts the intrinsic toughening from the formation "plastic zones" around crack-like defects. Deep-ultraviolet Raman spectroscopy indicated that this behavior could be related to degradation in the collagen integrity.

机械性能方面，放射能明显的改变骨的韧性，骨的塑性形变能力被进一步降低，在破裂样损害周围形成&塑性区&，深紫外线拉曼光谱检测显示，这种现象和胶原完整性的降解有关。

Methods: The study was designed to observe SS and influence of serum CD_4~+、CD_8~+、IL-2、IL-6、TNF-α, splenic lymphocyte transformation rate, the expression of SS、SSTR-2 in spinal cord、PAG、NRM and hypothalamus the coexistence of SS and enkephalinergic neuron in back corner of spinal cord, the coexistence of SS and 5-HT neuron in NRM by using methods of behavioral nociceptive threshold test, measure of foot's cubage, flowcytometry, MTT, radioimmunity, HPLC-ECD, immunohistochemistry, laser confocal microscope on FAC-induced hyperalgesia.

以弗氏完全佐剂诱发的炎症痛模型大鼠为研究对象，应用行为学痛阈观察、足跖容积测定、流式细胞检测法、MTT法、放射免疫法、高效液相电化学法、免疫组织化学技术法、激光共聚焦技术等方法，观察SS和电针对痛阈、大鼠CD_4~+、CD_8~+、IL-2、IL-6、TNF-α水平和脾淋巴细胞转化率等指标的影响，以及SS、SSTR-2在脊髓和PAG、NRM及下丘脑部位的表达、在脊髓SS与脑啡肽能神经元的共存现象及在NRM中与5-HT能神经元的共存情况。

They may also discover pulsars and exploding primordial black holes, both of which would emit brief wideband pulses.

他们也可能发现脉冲星和爆炸中的原始黑洞，这两种现象都会放射出简短的宽带脉冲。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。