放大倍数

There are two sources of error: error manifested as an apparent magnification drift and error due to fringe tracing.

两种误差来源：放大倍数的改变引起的误差，图像歧变引起的误差

In the new expressions, the definition of fundamental magnifying factor for the 4 kinds of circuits is the same. They are easy to solve A in calculation, without considering the loading effect of feedback network any longer, and an unidirectional conversion can be made; meantime, they can directly describe the effect of every circuit component parameter on closed-loop voltage gain.

新关系式中4种电路基本放大倍数的定义相同，容易计算，不再需要考虑反馈网络的负载作用，而做单向化变换，并能直观描述各电路元件参数对闭环增益A的影响。

Simulation results show that the main factors which influence the current sharing are output filter capacitor and the amplifying multiple of current loop.

电路仿真结果表明逆变器输出滤波电容和逆变器的电流环放大倍数是影响负载均分的主要因素。

The merit of the invention are: 1 adopting free curved surface imaging method , three part reflection type Zernike polynomial free curved surface forms short focal distance bigger, relative apertures bigger fields of view angle imaging , rectifying optical aberration much better and its structure is simple; 2 adopting the reflection structure without optical lens, has removed the effect of various chromatic aberration , guarantee the imaging articulation; 3 adopt the design of short focal distance big fields of view angle, focal distance 8 - 15 mm, field of view angles 100 -135 degree, having 120 times multiplications under 250 mm imaging distance, having ultra-thin characteristic property; 4 adopting big relative apertures design ,the relative aperture is 2.0-2.4, having improved the illuminance of flat surface; 5 adopting image space telecentric imaging method , ensures that the image surface irradiance is homogeneous.

本发明的优点是：1采用自由曲面成像方法，三片反射式Zernike多项式自由曲面形成短焦距大相对孔径大视场角成像，更好地校正像差，结构简单；2采用无透镜形式的反射式结构，消除了各种色差影响，保证成像清晰度；3采用短焦距大视场角设计，焦距8～15mm，具有100～135度的视场角，在250mm成像距离下有120倍的放大倍数，具有超薄特性；4采用大相对孔径设计，相对孔径为2.0～2.4，提高像平面上的光照度；5采用像方远心成像方法，保证像面辐照度均匀。

According to analysis of roots locus,fast excitation tends to decrease damping of power systems which is controlled by AVR than slow excitation.But eigenvalues of power system are far from imaginary axis and strong damping is obtained when fast excitation system is added.

在高放大倍数的AVR控制下，快速励磁较慢速励磁更容易恶化系统阻尼；但是在同时附加励磁控制的情况下，快速励磁可使系统的机电模式根轨迹远离虚轴，机电模式阻尼较大；而慢速励磁下，系统机电模式根轨迹接近虚轴，机电模式阻尼较小，快速励磁优于慢速励磁。

Exercises 1. Translate the following into Chinese.

很多实际应用系统中的放大电路都通过级联多级放大器来提高放大倍数。

The voltage amplification multiple,the input resistance and the output resistance are the most elementary three targets in the Alternating Magnifying circuit,which has a process of quite complicated analysis and solution.

电压放大倍数、输入及输出电阻是交流放大电路中最基本的三种指标，其分析和求解过程比较繁琐。

The receiving circuit adopts programmable gain amplifier and filter, enables the instrument to realize the automatic filter and the automatic adjusting enlargement factor according to the echo signal's different amplitude and frequency; Having AC and DC power supply modes, the system can satisfy different situation; Having adopted the big screen TFT LCD,caused the tested wave displaying intuitively;Having designed the toucher ,which enables the system to have a human-computer interaction function, helps user operate facilely.

接收系统采用程控滤波和程控放大，使得用户能根据回波信号的强弱和探头频率的不同而选择不同的滤波电路和放大倍数；交直流供电满足不同的应用场合；采用高分辨率大屏幕TFT液晶显示器，被测波形直观形象；触摸屏输入，操作方便。

An optical microscope of good quality can produce magnifications of several thousands of times, but in practice it is employed only for magnifications up to approximately 1000 times.

优质光学显微镜可以达到的数以千计的放大倍数，然而在实际操作中，放大至1000倍左右即可。

An optical microscope of good quality can produce magnifications of several thousands of times, but in practice it is employed only for magnifications up to approximately 1000 times.

一台好的光学显微镜可以把物体放大几千倍。但现实中，所运用到放大倍数最高也只达1000倍左右。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。