改进

The paper is organized as follows. In chapter 2, we introduce some concepts about SEA, the abstract SEA model and the convergence definition of algorithm. In chapter 3, we describe firstly the evolution of PMA as an abstract stochastic process, and by characterizing axiomatically the properties of the fundamental selection and evolution operators, we conclude that PMA is essentially a kind of SEA.

本文结构安排如下：第二章介绍了模拟进化算法的一些基本概念、形式化随机过程描述以及收敛性定义；第三章对改进后的 PMA 各操作作了抽象定义，得到了 PMA 的形式化随机过程描述，并公理化地证明了各操作算子为选择或繁殖算子，从而得出 PMA本质上也是一种模拟进化算法；第四章先对选择算子特征数定义作了适当改进，并通过各进化算子的具体特征数指出，如果 PMA 不采取任何执行策略时，算法本身并不收敛。

Through the test of several standard testing functions, IPSO shows better ability of searching global best result and avoiding falling into local best position. It is a banausic algorithm.

针对负荷预测问题，本文给出了一种基于改进粒子群优化算法的电力负荷组合预测方法，用改进粒子群优化算法确定组合权重。

In this dissertation, the author first reduces the amount of computation and improves the transform speed by ameliorating the geometric angle-direction search methods. According to HVS properties that human eyes are not sensitive to the change of image's textures and edges, the dissertation proposes a digital watermarking algorithm based on HVS in improved Bandelet domain.

本文首先通过改进变换中的几何角度方向搜索方法降低了变换运算量，提高了变换速度，并依据HVS关于人眼对图像的纹理和边缘变换不敏感的特性，设计了一种基于HVS的改进Bandelet变换域图像数字水印算法。

Ro Evo 2010's headline improvements outweigh those in FIFA 10, butEA's game was at a position of greater strength, and has arguably madea more significant leap, with lots of smaller refinements...

ES2010标明的改进要多于FIFA10，但是EA的游戏曾经领先一大截，并且伴随着许多细小的改进你也可以说有了一个巨大的飞跃。。。

Firstly,we particularly explained the algorithmic of themusic recognition.Then,we made a study of the music characteristic and the musicrecognition methods.As for the burrs of the music signal,we put forward a curveplastic method to eliminate the burrs.Considering the difficulties of detecting thepoint of the music speech,we made use of the multi-frequency energy curve to detectthe end-point of the music signal with the crossing zeros rate.As for thedisadvantages of the large operation and influence of the formant,we improved theAMDF theory with the linear prediction algorithmic to detect the error.In order toobtain the characteristic parameter of the music signal,wo calculate the MFCCparameter to obtain the template and the pending signal characteristic parameter.Inorder to improve the rate of the recognition,considering the disadvantages of theDTW algorithmic,we find a new method to improved the DTW algorithmic bybroadening the point of the music signal and made simulation experimentation;As forthe disadvantages of the contraposition grade to the pitch,cadent and sing name,wefind a method to dynaic adjust the results of the recognition to improve the accuracyof the grade.

详细阐述了嵌入式音乐识别算法的详细设计与实现，研究了音乐语言的特点和音乐识别的侧重点，并阐述了基于音乐信号特色的语音处理及识别方法；针对音乐信号中的毛刺干扰，提出了曲线整形的思想，消除了音乐信号中的毛刺；针对音乐信号端点检测困难的特点，利用多频段能量曲线分割结合过零率来实现端点准确检测；针对音高提取运算量大且容易受共振峰影响的特点，利用线性预测残差的方法对传统的AMDF算法进行了改进并提取出了音高，在实际实现时，优化了AMDF算法，减少了计算量；为了得到较好的特征参数，通过求取梅尔频标倒谱系数的方法，分别提取了模板信号特征参数和待测信号特征参数；为了提高识别率，针对传统DTW算法的缺陷，采用了放宽端点和声刺激法改进了传统的DTW算法的性能并进行了仿真试验，使音乐识别率得到明显提高；在音高、节奏评分时，针对对位评分的缺点，采取了动态调整的方法提高了评分的准确度。

Afterwards, the crash process of the thin-walled structure is simulated to find the effect of the cross section, the thickness and the pre-deformation on the crash capacity, and the axial impact deformation of the circinal tube is analyzed in the theoretical way, the axial impact deformation of the square tube and subulate tube are analyzed by simulation.

最后本文建立了原DF_(8B)机车车体正面碰撞刚性墙的仿真模型，在分析碰撞结果后，对原DF_(8B)机车车体的底架和司机室结构进行了改进；并利用薄壁圆管和锥形结构设计了吸能装置，利用凸凹相见的防爬板设计了防爬装置；对安装了吸能装置和做出结构改进的耐碰撞DF_(8B)机车以10m/s和15m/s速度正面撞击刚性墙进行仿真，结果表明碰撞时吸收装置先于车体主结构破坏，吸收碰撞能量，其吸能能力达到了国外有关标准的要求。

Based on the development, classification, comparation of classific algorithms of spatial indices, the paper designs two efficient spatial indices including the improved quadtree and R+tree, applies them into spatial query processing, and realizes the spatial select query algorithm based the improved quadtree and R+tree, and nearest and k-nearest neighbour query based R tree.

在对空间索引技术的发展、分类和典型算法比较的讨论基础之上，本文设计并实现了两个高效的空间索引—改进的四叉树索引和R+树索引，并将这两个索引应用到空间查询处理中，分别实现了基于改进四叉树和基于R+树的空间选择查询算法以及基于R树的最临近查询和K最临近查询算法。

According to the analysis of problems in the traditional TOPSIS, entropy and vertical projection are used to improve the TOPSIS method, which can avoid not only the non-determinacy and optional judgments resulted from subjective opinions, but also the problem that coinstantaneous scheme may be ideal or not, so that it can improve its scientificity and rationality.

在分析传统的TOPSIS法存在的问题基础上，提出采用熵权法和正交投影的思想改进TOPSIS法；改进的模型既可避免优选结果受主观判断的不确定性和随意性，又可避免距理想解近的方案与负理想解也近的问题，提高了TOPSIS法的科学性和合理性，且模型计算相对简单。

In addition, error resource existing in rotor position estimation algorithm is analyzed comprehensibly, therefore, some further work is made to eliminate the negative influence from errors. In this research, additional function is added to rotor position estimation algorithm to enhance precision of position estimation and its feasibility has been proved.

根据已有的无位置传感器转子位置检测原理，提出了两种改进的检测方法：一是改进电感法的检测方法，并设计了检测电路；二是根据SR电机的ψ-I-θ关系，研究了基于模糊推理规则的间接转子位置估算方法，分析了估算过程中存在的误差源，研究了提高估算精度的策略。

At the same time, human capital plays a great role to the economic development, while education is one important way of the accumulation of human capital, so there is a consanguineous relation between education investment and the economic development.

同时，人力资源的质量改进也是经济增长的重要根源之一，而教育是人力资源质量改进的最主要方式，所以教育投资政策与经济增长有密不可分的关系。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。