改变地

The effect of tribology factors on bearing vibration is studied experimentally. AR model and WPT are used to processing the normal arid abnormal signals. The results are as follows:1. The vibration of ball bearings is caused by the tribology action of contact pairs of ball and ring races and has the essential of tribo-dynamics. Any factors affecting the tribology characteristics of contact pairs will affect vibration and noise of bearings consequently.2. Vibration characteristics of bearing keep almostly unchanged with the increasing of axial load expecting the increasing of nature frequencies. When radial load increasing with axial load unchanged, nature frequencies keep unchanged but some new vibration peaks appears in the spectrum.3. Vibration amplitudes are damped and nature frequency are enhanced with sufficient lubrication. Vibration and noise of bearings increase obviously and roar can happen and the contact surfaces scratch slightly under insufficient and unclean lubrication state. Bearing will be disabled in a few minutes without any lubrication.4. Bearing vibration is unstable under low speed. With the speed increasing, the vibration become stable and natural frequencies increase slightly but the amplitudes increase apparently.5. Bearing vibration can be excited only by some harmonics ofwaviness without lubrication and by all harmonics with lubrication based on the theoretical analysis.6. The nature frequencies of ball bearings decrease with the increasing sizes. When international clearance increasing, nature frequencies decrease in radial and increase in axial and angular and the amplitudes increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular. When the number of balls increasing, nature frequencies increase and amplitudes decrease. When the pitch diameter increasing, axial nature frequency increase and others nearly keep no change. When outer race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies increase in radial and decrease in axial and angular and amplitudes keep no change in radial and increase in axial and angular. When inner race groove curvature radius increasing, nature frequencies decrease and amplitudes increase.7. The distortion in amplitude and frequency components of bearing vibration signals picked up by the present probe measurement method is founded and right conclusions cannot be achieved by the signals. When accelerometer is rigidly screwed with steel stud onto a flat outer surface of a ball bearing, vibration signal can be got without distortion and the reliability of research on bearing vibration is assured.8. AR model is suitable for large samples of bearing vibration signals, square root of length of samples can be used as the upper limitation of order determination and the FPE order selection criterion is effective. Many advantages of AR spectrum are founded over the classical based on FFT.9. Time-Frequency analysis is necessary for abnormal noise of ball bearings. WPT overcomes the principle shortcomings of STFT and proved to be a best tool to process the abnormal signals.

理论分析和试验研究表明： 1球轴承振动是钢球—滚道接触副中的各种摩擦学作用引起的，具有摩擦动力学的本质，任何对接触副的摩擦学特性有影响的因素都将对球轴承的振动和噪声特性产生影响； 2中心轴向载荷作用下，载荷增大使球轴承的固有振动频率升高，载荷越大同样的载荷增幅引起的频率升幅减小，足够大的中心轴向载荷作用下载荷的变化对球轴承振动的频率特性不会产生明显的影响； 3轴向和径向联合载荷作用下，径向载荷不大时球轴承振动的固有频率基本不变，但是可能引起变刚度激励的非线性振动，出现新的频峰，过大的径向载荷将使部分钢球脱离接触，使球轴承的振动和噪声呈现不稳定状态； 4润滑对球轴承的振动和噪声特性有重要的影响，良好的润滑对振动有明显的抑制作用，润滑不充分时，振动和噪声的水平会有明显增高，一定条件下还会激发接触副中的谐振，发出啸声，造成接触表面的伤害，无润滑干接触时，短时的运转就会损伤接触副表面，使振动和噪声迅速增大，并随时可能引发严重的磨损和卡滞失效；接触副润滑良好时，油膜的"刚化效应"使球轴承振动的固有频率有所提高，润滑剂中含有弥散性污浊时，振动的幅度总体升高，但弥散性污浊不会改变球轴承振动的频率特性；浙江大学博士学位论文：球轴承振动的研究 5低速时，球轴承振动的基本特征呈现不稳定状态，随着转速的提高，球轴承振动的频率特性趋于稳定，固有频率频峰升高； 6理论分析表明，干接触时钢球和滚道表面波纹度的某些谐波分量能激励球轴承的振动，振动的幅值与谐波幅值成正比，实际球轴承中钢球的分布不可能完全均匀，波纹度的激励作用会随时发生；润滑接触的分析表明，波纹度的任意谐波分量均能激励球轴承的振动； 7球轴承的几何和结构参数分析表明，球轴承尺寸越大，径向、轴向和角振动的固有频率越低；钢球中心圆直径增大，球轴承的径向和轴向振动的固有频率基本不变，角振动的固有频率有所上升，振动的幅频特性基本不变；径向游隙加大使球轴承的径向振动固有频率降低，轴向和角振动的固有频率有所升高，径向振动幅频特性的幅值升高，而轴向和角向降低；钢球的数量增多使球轴承振动的固有频率上升，幅频特性的幅值下降，径向振动的幅值下降最为明显；外圈沟曲率半径系数增大使球轴承径向振动的固有频率升高，轴向和角振动的固有频率降低，径向幅频特性基本不变，轴向和角向幅频特性幅值升高；内圈沟曲率半径系数增大使径向、轴向和角振动固有频率均下降，振动幅频特性的幅值均有升高； 8试验对比表明，传感器采用探针式安装时，由于探针接触副接触特性的影响，钡(量得到的球轴承振动信号有失真，采用专门设计和制作的试验球轴承，以固定式安装加速度计，首次测量得到了球轴承振动的真实信号，通过对振动信号的分析，验证了球轴承振动的理论模型； 9)基于时间序列分析的AR模型适用于大样本球轴承振动信号的分析，以样本长度的均方根值作定阶上界，FPE做判阶准则，给出的AR谱光滑，频率分辨率高，是球轴承振动分析的简便而可靠的手段； 10以时频域分析的小波包变换分析球轴承异音信号能够比较好地定位和聚焦异音发生的时间，时间间隔，频率范围，同样是球轴承振动分析的可靠的手段，可用作球轴承故障诊断技术。

The town of Deadwood, South Dakota in the weeks following the Custer massacre is a lawless sinkhole of crime and corruption.

黎明破晓的荒芜之地，这个野蛮人和逃犯聚居的地方在1877年的春天发生了很多改变。

p16, p53, C-erbB-2 expression play significant roles in judgement of the degree of malignancy and histologic differentiaton of endometrial carcinoma. The difference of p16, p53, C-erbB-2 expression may reflect the different manifestation of them on different stage of tumor pathogensis. Associated detection of them may make up for the deficiency of single index respectively and may contribute more to reflect the dynamic change of tumor cells.

p16、p53和C-erbB-2对判断子宫内膜癌的恶性程度和组织学分级都有重要意义，p16、P53和C-erbB-2表达上的差异可能反映了肿瘤不同阶段中各基因的不同表现，联合检测可以弥补单个指标检测的不足，更好地反映肿瘤细胞在不同阶段的动态改变。

The slide rails have change civil and external conventional design logos since 1970s,effectively solves a series of problems such as billet heating temperature disproportion due to traditional slide rails'defilade and heating absorbing action,and clarifies the slide rails'design philosophy,design feature and principle of operation.

该滑轨改变了 2 0世纪 70年代以来国内外传统的设计理念，有效地解决了由于传统滑轨的遮蔽吸热作用而引起的钢坯加热温度不均匀问题，并详细阐述了这种滑轨的设计思想、结构特点和工作原理。

In economic development district for example Zhejiang, the function of soil security is gradually weakening because of the soil's income degression, conflict between person and soil, farmer's occupation state changing, etc.

在浙江等经济发达地区，土地的养老保障功能由于土地收入递减、人地矛盾突出和农民就业状况改变等原因已逐渐弱化。

To better monitor the needs of customers and to be able to respond to changes in those needs,many organizations have given greater emphasis to customer departmentalization.

许多组织非常重视顾客部门化方式，以便更好地监测顾客的需求，并在需求改变时能对此做出迅速的反应。

We decree and order that they are to be observed without alteration for ever, and that those carrying them out are to see that they and their contents are observed, namely: in the Roman curia, the current governor of our mother city and our vicar as well as the auditor general of the apostolic camera, who have the power to oblige and compel persons subject to them; and outside the Roman curia, we depute for this purpose each and all local ordinaries.

我们法令和命令，他们必须遵守不改变的，与以往那些执行这些都是地看到，他们和他们的内容得到遵守，即：在罗马教廷，现任总督我们的母亲和我们的城市作为副主教以及审计长使徒相机，谁有权要求并迫使人受他们；和罗马教廷以外，我们depute为此每个和所有地方普通。

While the new course reform advances , often there are some deviations between new education idea and classroom instruction behavior: Classroom teachers and students " ask interdynamically --Answer " take , group cooperative formalization , probe into study is it take to suffused with ," pairs of base " goal desalinize and teaching means the person of greater importance is relegated to the background ,etc..

新一轮基础教育课程改革，是一个系统工程，是一场培养模式的变革，是一次素质教育观念的重要实践。随着新课改的逐步推进，我们欣喜地看到，教师的教学观念正在逐步更新，学生的学习方式正在得到改变，课堂充满学生成长的气息。但不可否认的是，在热热闹闹和轰轰烈烈的课改背后，透露出更多的是浮躁、盲从和形式化倾向。

Daniel Gilbert and Timothy Wilson first identified this bias, and proposed the name change to refer more broadly to all forms of emotional "impact", including durability as well as intensity, and the rate of ascension and descension, etc.

Daniel Gilbert和Timothy Wilson首先发现了这一偏见，并将名字改变以指更广泛地一切情绪"冲击"--即包括持久性也包括强度、还有起伏频次等等。

According to this method, on the basis of ontology, the requirement of dynamic revising service cases and the description of revision operator are presented under the same circumstance, and the capacity of revision operator can be described with two respects of interaction environment and changes. Furthermore, the model of resource states transition graph is presented to realize the transition from the description of the capacity of revision operator to the resource states of revision operator. Finally, a verification method concerning the dynamic revision of service cases is presented to improve the revision and verification automatically.

将动态调整需求和调整运算子的描述统一在它们共同的环境的基础之上；并建立了调整运算子的交互环境本体，在本体的基础上，从调整运算子交互的环境以及调整导致的环境的改变两个方面描述调整运算子的能力；提出调整运算子能力的资源状态变迁图模型，实现了从调整运算子能力描述到调整运算子的资源状态变迁图模型的转换；还较为系统地提出了与基于范例推理服务组合相关的范例动态调整的验证方法，提高了服务范例调整和验证的自动化程度。

Lugalbanda was a god and shepherd king of Uruk where he was worshipped for over a thousand years.

Lugalbanda 是神和被崇拜了一千年多 Uruk古埃及喜克索王朝国王。

I am coming just now,' and went on perfuming himself with Hunut, then he came and sat.

我来只是现在，'歼灭战perfuming自己与胡努特，那麼，他来到和SAT 。