收费

This thesis can be divided into four parts, including the definition and history of compensational system background music, the legal base of the charging system of background music, the operation of the charging system and the development and enhancement of it.

全文分背景音乐有偿使用的历史发展，背景音乐收费的依据，背景音乐收费制度的运做，我国背景音乐收费制度的完善四个部分，总体探讨我国的背景音乐收费制度的现在和未来。

Analyse the status of the charge collection system of the motorways and indicate its demerits. Introduces core of AVR single chip ATmega128, Use unconnect card collection system of highway, Given hardware design, Compile collection software based on database and VB. Achieve communication with epigyny computer. Lastly analyse IC card collection safety. It simulate collection from Xi'an to Tongguan. Experiment attest high efficiency, rapidness and safety.

分析了当前高速公路收费系统的现状，指出了其存在的不足和缺陷，提出了以AVR单片机ATmega128为核心处理器，采用非接触式IC卡技术的高速公路收费管理系统；给出了系统的硬件设计，同时基于数据库技术并采用VB编写了收费系统软件管理系统，并实现了与上位机通讯，最后分析了IC卡收费系统的安全性措施；该收费系统模拟了西安至潼关的高速公路收费，实验证明该系统具有收费效率高，放行速度快，安全性高等特点。

A vehicle queue model at road tollgate is established in this paper according to the road toll pattern in China. The method of calculating delay of queuing vehicles at road tollgate, analyzing effect of toll to trip time on road, converting toll fee to trip time are presented.

首先根据中国道路收费制式，建立了道路收费口排队模型，提出了收费口车辆排队的延误计算方法以及收费过程对道路行程时间影响的分析方法；还通过对收费道路通行费率分析，阐述了通行费的转换时间分析方法。

Under the condition of the following factors concerning the optimization models:the investment cost, operating cost, unfair cost, payment evade cost, drivers' extra cost and environmental pollution cost, this paper raises the optimized models of multi-modes payment of toll collection system and its algorithm is proposed by SAGA hybrid optimization strategy, which can simultaneously optimize the following results: the optimum locations of toll stations, numbers of toll stations, the numbers of different tolling modes' tollgates of every toll station, ETC users' discount rate, and can estimate the installation rate of TAG of every toll station, the actual traffic flow capacity of different tollgate, can obtain the best toll collection system under the different simulated decision conditions.

本文充分考虑了驾驶员缴费技术选择与缴费车道选择的特性，提出了驾驶员缴费方式随机选择模型；在考虑了收费系统的投资成本、营运成本、不公平成本、漏收成本、驾驶员的额外成本和环境污染成本等因素的基础上，提出了多收费方式收费系统的优化模型，提出采用模拟退火遗传算法进行收费系统寻优的算法，可同时优化出一个收费系统的收费站位置与数量、不同收费站不同收费方式的收费车道数和ETC用户的折扣率等参数，可估算不同收费站TAG的安装率、不同收费车道实际使用量，可模拟不同决策情境下的最佳系统资源配置方案。

First, simply introduce the audit charge from the economic angle and the audit charge composition two aspects; Next, describe the domestic and foreign present situation of audit charge; Once more, from the audited unit, the accounting firm, the government three angles analyze affecting our country ＇ s going on the market the company to the influence factor of audit the charge, and exhaustedly analyze each factor and the audit charge height positive and negative creational dependence, this is also the key of this article; Finally, the article proposes some corresponding proposals according to existence question of our country ＇ s audit fee.

首先，从经济学角度和审计收费的组成两方面简单介绍审计收费；其次，描述国内外审计收费的现状；再次，从被审计单位、会计师事务所、政府三个角度分析影响我国上市公司审计收费的影响因素，并剥析各个因素与审计收费高低的正负相关关系，这也是该文章的重点所在；最后，文章针对我国审计收费存在的问题，提出了一些相应的建议。

Under the condition of the following- factors concerning the optimization models:the investment cost, operating cost, unfair cost, payment evade cost, drivers" extra cost and environmental pollution cost.this paper raises the optimized models of multi-modes payment of teH collection system and its algorithm is proposed by SAGA -hybrid optimization strategy, which can simultaneously optimize the following results: the optimum locations of toll stations, numbers of toll stations, the numbers of different tolling, modes" tailgates of every toll station, ETC users discount rate.and can estimate the installation rate of TAG of every toll station.the actual traffic flow capadty of different toiigate, can obtain the best toll collection system under the different simulated decision conditions.

本文充分考虑了驾驶员缴费技术选择与缴费车道选择的特性，提出了驾驶员缴费方式随机选择模型；在考虑了收费系统的投资成本、营运成本、不公平成本、漏收成本、驾驶员的额外成本和环境污染成本等因素的基础上，提出了多收费方式收费系统的优化模型，提出采用模拟退火遗传算法进行收费系统寻优的算法，可同时优化出一个收费系统的收费站位置与数量、不同收费站不同收费方式的收费车道数和ETC用户的折扣率等参数，可估算不同收费站TAG的安装率、不同收费车道实际使用量，可模拟不同决策情境下的最佳系统资源配置方案。

Finally, the paper analyzed the theory and the actuality of Chinese tolling system, pointed out that there are two ways to enhance the efficiency of tolling system. The first is to improve the pricing theory, and a new theory focusing on the benefit of the road user is brings forward. The second is to improve the theory of road compensation. A thought of new method to compensate road capital is put forward, and the significance is explained.

最后，本文通过对我国公路收费制度的理论和现状进行分析，指出提高收费制度效率的措施有两个，其一是对我国收费标准的理论进行改进，提出了以使用者收益为核心的收费标准制定理论；其二是对公路资产补偿理论的拓展，提出了零基补偿的思路并分析了其对公路收费制度的意义。

In view of executive power to intervene in the allocation of resources over the reality of the situation, should intensify their efforts to clean up the recent各种乱收费, levies, and shut the power of the currency market of the "gray channel" reflects the strong focus on cleaning up the community, do not lead to monopolies fair competition policy, and actively create a fair and regulated competitive environment, maximizing the contribution of income and reflected on and so on; to be a more effective means of remediation of illegal income, seek to abuse the interests of individuals or small groups with severe punishment imposed for corruption ; At the same time, it is necessary to speed up the reform of the political system, and promote democratization and openness in decision-making, and strengthen the public service and acts of administrative bodies at all levels of supervision and constraints on the exercise of such power by the process of forming a comprehensive and reasonable mechanism for binding.

针对当前行政权力对资源配置干预过度的现实状况，近期应加紧清理各种乱收费、乱摊派，堵住权力市场化和货币化的&灰色通道&，重点清理社会反映强烈、导致垄断等不公平竞争的政策，积极营造公平、规范的竞争环境，最大限度地体现收入与贡献的对等；要以更加有效的手段整治非法收入，对滥用职权谋取个人或小团体利益的腐败行为严惩不怠；同时，要加快政治体制改革，推进决策民主化与公开化，强化对公务人员和各级行政机构行为的监督与制约，形成对权力行使过程全面约束的合理机制。

Tollbooths 收费亭 Heavily-traveled toll roads such as the Garden State Parkway, Interstate 95, and so forth, are multi-lane divided highways that are interrupted at intervals by toll plazas.

像Garden State Parkway，Interstate 95等等这样的长途收费公路，通常是多车道的，被分成几条高速公路，在这些高速公路上每隔一定的间隔会设立一个收费区。

In this paper first we introduce the background of the project-----how we put forward the ideas of the toll balance algorithm according the vehicle run-distance, and describe the three-tie network architecture of network toll sysytem and basic functions of network toll software.

本文介绍了联网收费课题产生的背景，提出了联网收费的思想，总体上介绍了联网收费系统的三层网络结构及联网收费软件的基本功能，重点研究联网收费清分软件的设计，这部分内容是联网收费课题的核心。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了