收缩血管的

Pallor could be seen in association with marked vasoconstriction. However, severe vasoconstriction may cause purpuric, erythematous skin rashes and acrocyanosis over the extremities. It has also been seen to diminish peripheral pulsations, which result in non-detectable of non-invasive blood pressure.

皮肤因血管收缩可能导致苍白，但是严重的血管收缩却可能产生四肢紫斑或红斑的皮疹及肢端发绀的现象，甚至因为周边脉搏减弱导致量不到血压。

It is confirmed that the treatment with laser is based mainly on photo-thermal interaction. And blood coagulation, vasoconstriction and vein occlusion are realized by the thermo scathe of blood and vascular with laser irradiation. Finally vascular diseases are cured.

论证了光热作用是激光治病的主要依据，激光通过照射病变血管，造成血管内的血液及血管壁的热损伤，从而达到血液的凝结，血管壁的收缩，血管闭合，实现了血管病变的治疗。

Angiotensin Ⅱ is a potent vasoactive hormone, which plays an important role in the pathogenesis of glomerulosclerosis.

第二型血管收缩素是一种极强的血管收缩物质，与肾丝球硬化关系密切。

Either of two polypeptide hormones,one of which is a powerful vasoconstrictor,that function in the body in controlling arterial pressure.

血管收缩素，高血压素两种多肽激素，其中一种是有效的血管收缩素，在体内控制动脉血压

There are four kind of isoforms of endothelin in human and other mammals named ET-1, ET-2, ET-3 and ET-β, which are slightly different in construction and pharmacological effect. In human beings, ET-1 is the dominative subtypes. ET-1 remains in blood at a low level about 5ng per liter on physical state. It is synthesized, stored, released and metabolized locally. The half-life of ET-1 is about 1 hour. ET-1 is the most potent vasoconstrictive factor till now, and it is more functional in vein than in artery. In vascular bed, there are two kind of ET receptors. Type A mainly located in smooth muscle cells, whereas type B in endothelial cells. The latter can stimulate intimal hyperplasia via a parasecretion way and activate some oncogenes such as c-fos and c-myc and then enhance their expression. These alterations result in constriction of blood vessels, thus the SMC steps into proliferate state from silent state.

人及哺乳动物体内有四种结构及药理学性质略有差异的异物体，分别为ET-1、ET-2、ET-3、ET-β，而在人主要是ET-1，在生理条件下，ET-1在血浆中含量较低，约为5ng〓，故ET-1不是一个循环激素，而是局部合成释放，局部起作用的活性物质，半衰期约1小时，ET-1是目前已知的最强的血管收缩剂，对静脉的作用比动脉强，在血管床，ET受体有A、B两型，A型主要分布在平滑肌细胞，B型主要分布在内皮细胞，它可以通过旁分泌途径刺激内膜增生，具有有丝分裂原效应，可以激活某些癌基因如C-fos、C-myc使其表达增强引起血管收缩，使静止期SMC进入增殖期，还可以通过信号传导途径，与bFGF、GTF-β、PDGF等生长因子协同作用，起共有丝分裂原作用。

The activation of endothelial cell caused by TNF-α has detrimental effects on the vasculature. TNF-α can induce the increased apoptosis of gravid trophocyte. TNF-α has been showing up-regulate the vasoconstriction factors such as endothelin and down-regulate the vascular relaxing factors such as NO on the contrary.

肿瘤坏死因子α作为炎性分子，激活血管内皮细胞、间接影响血管舒缩功能，通过各种机制诱导胎盘滋养细胞凋亡增加，增加血管收缩因子并减少血管舒张因子的生成和释放，影响与脂类代谢相关的细胞因子。

As angiotensin II has a potent vasoconstrictive action, while bradykinin is a vasodilator, the reduced formation of angiotensin II and the inhibition of bradykinin breakdown leads to vasodilation.

由于血管紧张素Ⅱ有一个强有力的血管收缩的行动，而缓激肽是一种血管扩张，减少对血管紧张素 II 和形成的抑制缓激肽破裂导致血管扩张。

Results Both inhibitions of PKC with 6.8 mmolL^(-1) hypericin and PKA with 0.112 mmolL^(-1) KT5720 shifted the dose-response curve of 15-HETE induced pulmonary vasoconstriction to the right, and more powerful inhibition was observed with PKC inhibitor (P.01). Denuding endothelia decreased the response of PA ring to 15-HETE in both normoxic and hypoxic PA rings (P.05, P.01, respectively).

结果 用6.8 mmolL^(-1) hypericin阻断PKC途径可使15-HETE收缩缺氧大鼠肺动脉量效曲线右移(P.01)；用0.112 mmolL^(-1) KT5720阻断PKA途径使15-HETE收缩缺氧大鼠肺动脉量效曲线右移不明显；除去血管内皮细胞可降低对照组和缺氧组肺动脉血管环对15-HETE的反应性。

Our results indicated that (1)SO_2 derivatives could dose-dependently relax the isolated aorta rings with or without endothelium precontracted by NE, no difference was found for the rings with and without endothelium;(2)Levels of cAMP and 6-Keto(PGI_2) in isolated aortic rings were increased by SO_2 derivatives in a dose-dependent way, which were independent of endothelium;(3)SO_2 derivatives decreased cGMP levels in the rings, but not significantly; The decrease of cGMP levels was also independent of endothelium;(4)No changes of TXB_2 in rings with or without endothelium were observed;(5)Whether presence or absence of endothelium, cAMP/cGMP and 6-Keto/TXB_2 ratios were increased significantly.

结果：①SO_2衍生物对去甲肾上腺素预收缩的内皮完整和去除内皮的大鼠胸主动脉血管环均呈浓度依赖性舒张作用，且其张力变化在内皮完整与去内皮的血管环之间无显著性差异；②SO_2衍生物可引起血管组织中cAMP、6-Keto(即PGI_2)含量剂量依赖性增加，其增加程度与内皮无关；③SO_2衍生物对血管环cGMP含量呈降低趋势但在统计学上无显著意义，且对去除内皮血管无显著影响；④SO_2衍生物对去内皮或内皮完整血管环的TXB_2含量均无明显影响；⑤无论是否去除内皮，SO_2衍生物均可引起cAMP／cGMP和6-Keto／TXB_2比值显著升高。

Whenadministrated to rings precontracted with 1μmol·L-1 PE in the absence ofextracellular Ca2+, a second extracelluar-calcium-dependent vasoconstrictioninduced by restoration of extracellular Ca2+ were also reduced by pretreatment of 50-200μmol·L-1 MLB dose-dependently.

在复钙实验中观察到，MLB 50-200μmol·L-1 不仅抑制PE 1μmol·L-1 诱导的内钙依赖性血管收缩，而且对复钙后外钙依赖性的血管收缩也有抑制作用。

We have no common name for a mime of Sophron or Xenarchus and a Socratic Conversation; and we should still be without one even if the imitation in the two instances were in trimeters or elegiacs or some other kind of verse--though it is the way with people to tack on 'poet' to the name of a metre, and talk of elegiac-poets and epic-poets, thinking that they call them poets not by reason of the imitative nature of their work, but indiscriminately by reason of the metre they write in.

索夫农 、森那库斯和苏格拉底式的对话采用的模仿没有一个公共的名称；三音步诗、挽歌体或其他类型的诗的模仿也没有——人们把&诗人&这一名词和格律名称结合到一起，称之为挽歌体诗人或者史诗诗人，他们被称为诗人，似乎只是因为遵守格律写作，而非他们作品的模仿本质。

The relationship between communicative competence and grammar teaching should be that of the ends and the means.

交际能力和语法的关系应该是目标与途径的关系。