支护

Finally, the thesis analyses the time-state curve of the axial force and bending moment of the steel framework and the axial force of the anchor bolt.

同时，采用隧道围岩和支护相互作用的粘弹性理论解，探讨了锚喷支护隧道围岩与支护的应力和位移随时间变化规律。

But in the real construction process, soil nail and anchor rod are often regarded as the same type of supports excavation.

但在实际施工过程中，经常把土钉支护和锚杆支护误看成是同一种支护方式。

With the engineering data , the strut frame made of composed soil nails is analyzed with the program ababqus , and the effects of the distortion characters , the property of the deposition of the ground , the mechanical property of the soil nails , the variation of the length and the separation of the soil nails , and the diametric of the mixing piles on the strut frame made of composed soil nails , and the distortion property of the strut frame made of composed soil nails under different ground conditions

在总结前人的研究成果下，针对复合土钉墙构造的特点，建立了模拟复合土钉墙受力变形的计算模型，并结合工程实测资料，运用大型通用有限元程序ababqus对复合土钉墙进行了有限元分析，详细讨论了复合土钉支护结构开挖过程中的变形特性、地面沉降性状、土钉受力性状；土钉长度变化、土钉间距变化、搅拌桩桩径变化对复合土钉支护结构的影响；复合土钉支护结构在不同地基条件下的变形特性。

The result shows that the main reasons of deformation failures in deep roadways are 1 highly relying on the piling up of several support styles, and 2 ignoring the coupling between support and surrounding rock or the couplings among different supports. This is because massive deformation energy is accumulated in surrounding rock, which is induced by high stress and soft rock dilatability.

结果表明，在深部高地应力及软岩膨胀性作用力的影响下，巷道围岩内部积聚了大量的变形能量，单纯依靠多种支护形式的叠加，而不注重支护体与围岩之间以及支护体之间的耦合是巷道失稳的主要原因。

From describing the controlling anchor amount and shield thickness of the Kao-Tang Railway Tunnel Ⅳ class rock wall segment initial protecting shield, the article analyses the function theory of New Austria Tunneling Method initial protecting shield and its use in the flabbiness wall rock protecting.

结合铁路考塘隧道中的Ⅳ级围岩地段初期支护中的锚杆数量与喷层厚度控制，分析了新奥法初期支护的作用原理以及此类支护在软弱围岩中的应用。

Taking the problem of the soft rock tunnel support at in a phosphorite mine as the object of study,mineral components of the soft rock were tested,the reasons for deformation and failure of the soft rock roadway were analyzed,and ways of strata control were proposed.

以某磷矿软岩巷道的支护为研究对象，在测试软岩矿物成分的基础上，分析了巷道变形围岩变形破坏的原因和支护对策，提出了锚网喷注的联合支护方案。

It is embodied concretely:(1) With the adoption of grouting bolts, the cranny in wall rocks can be blocked up, the air can be isolated, the wall rocks can be prevented to be weatherized and make water, the strength of wall rocks can also be avoided to be lowered;(2) The lax broken wall rocks are commentated to a whole by liquid after they were grouted and the rock"s strength is increased, so the wall rocks become a part of the support structure by using itself and become a whole with the original rock, and the roadway is made to keep stable but not easy to be broken;(3) The spray layer wall are filled with liquid after grouting, the stress is avoided to be concentrated because the load could be evenly acted on the spray layer and the support;(4) The pressure acted on the plank can be delivered to the two sidepieces and then to the bottom by reinforcing the sidepiece; At the same time, the concentration degree of loads acted on the motherboard can be weaken because of the enlargement of the combination arch"s thickness, as result, the rock"s stress is lowered and the heaving is alleviated;(5) The common bolt is made to be fixed the whole length after grouting, the layers are connected to a integral whole and bear the weight of loads, so the support structure"s unity is increased.

具体体现在：(1)采用注浆锚杆注浆，可以利用浆液封堵围岩裂隙，隔绝空气，防止围岩风化，且能防止淋水和渗水，避免围岩被水浸湿而降低围岩的本身强度及造成的巷道变形。(2)注浆后浆液将松散破碎的围岩胶结成整体，提高了岩体强度，实现利用围岩本身作为支护结构的一部分，且与原岩形成一个整体，使巷道保持稳定而不易产生破坏；(3)注浆后使得喷层壁后充填密实，保证荷载能均匀地作用在喷层和支护上，避免出现应力集中点而首先破坏；(4)注浆后使作用在顶板上的压力能有效地传递到两帮，通过对帮的加固，又能把荷载传递到底板；同时由于组合拱厚度的加大，这样又能减小作用在底板上的荷载集中度，从而减小底板岩石中的应力，减轻底臌；(5)注浆加固后能使普通端锚锚杆实现全长锚固，它们共同将多层组合拱连成一体，共同承载，提高了支护结构的整体性。

Stability of 14 high-cut slopes in Guangdong province is analyzed with typical rock mass structure analysis method and stereographic projection method, and with the numerical simulation method UDEC this paper simulated the excavation and reinforcement courses of the important slopes. Some conclutions and suggestions are based the analysis above.

本文结合广东某省道沿线14个高陡岩石边坡的开挖和支护方案的选择设计，运用常用的岩体结构分析方法和赤平投影方法对边坡的稳定性进行了分析，采用UDEC数值模拟方法对一些重点边坡的开挖支护进行了模拟，得出了以下一些结论： 1、边坡支护形式的选择应遵循"安全绿色、水土保持、恢复自然、环保之路"的设计原则。

The application of "anchoring and shotcreting" supporting technology in the bunker construction is introduced,"anchoring and shotcreting"is a kind of timbering fashion of safety ,especially in surrounding wall rock on bad conditions.

介绍了"锚网喷+混凝土"联合支护技术在煤仓施工中的应用，"锚网喷+混凝土"联合支护技术是一种安全可靠的支护方式，尤其是在稳定性较差的围岩中的应用。

However , ajoint support of alluvial rock bolt with a double-layer of wire mesh can also besatisfactory in the same type of unfavorable ground conditions , with better economicbenefit .

而在某工程的地下洞室不良地质地段的支护中采用了双层钢筋网同管式锚杆联合支护获得成功，产生了与钢支撑同样的支护效果，并带来了良好的经济效益。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。