支护

According to the unique characteristics of the pit edge top-down construction, this dissertation gives a lot of key nodes structural design and construction technique. It solves the problem of steel beam position to be through and local design of such structures as elevator hoistway or stair tunnel and one-column-multi-pile design and construction.

分别解决了梁柱节点位置钢筋穿越的难题；电梯井道或楼梯洞口等位置由于无法合理传递水平力所需做的结构局部补缺设计；一柱多桩的设计和施工方法；支护墙体与主体结构之间的连接所带来的如水平力传递、二次浇筑接缝、支撑穿越墙板止水方法等一系列技术问题。

With horizontal shear component of intercolumn forces ignored, four equilibrium equations were formed, i.e., force equilibriums along the vertical direction, the sliding direction, Y axis direction, and moment equilibrium around Y axis. The equilibrium equations contained the actions of underground water, earthquake and supporting forces.

在忽略条柱间作用力的水平剪切分量的基础上，建立铅直方向、滑动方向、垂直滑动方向的力平衡以及绕Y轴的力矩平衡共4个方程，平衡方程中纳入地下水、地震、支护力作用。

But,this capital construction has created a great quantity of secondary slopes and resulted in series environment problems.It divides slopes into three categories of lithoid slope,terrene slope and water body slope according to the characteristics of slope management and referring to the standards of slope category both at home and abroad.

这些基础设施建设破坏了原有植被及原生植物群落，造成了大量次生边坡，导致了一系列的环境问题，如水土流失、滑坡、泥石流、气候变化、生物链破坏等，引起了社会各界的重视，先后兴起了许多的防护措施，如传统的硬性支护，有挡土墙护坡、浆砌石等封闭护坡技术措施。

Selection of minning technology,support method and parameters of medium-thick seam is introduced.

介绍了中厚煤层一次采全高的回采工艺、支护方法和具体参数的选择，即工作面回采时不留底煤，增加煤炭回收率，对支柱布置形式进行改进，并在理论上进行安全系数验算。

NACE Trim Standard- NACE trim and bolting materials are standard for all applications.

欧洲共同体内部经济修剪标准，欧洲共同体内部经济活动装饰和锚杆支护材料标准的所有应用程序。

The application of smoothwall blasting in crushed surrounding rock of No.2 tunnel with crushed surrounding rock has obtained more satisfactory results through selecting rational blasting parameters,adopting right supporting method and controlling the overbreak or underbreak of the tunnel effectively,etc.

文摘：在周家山2号隧道破碎围岩施工中，应用光面爆破技术，通过选择合理的爆破参数，正确的支护施工方法，有效地控制隧道的超欠挖，加快掘进速度，取得了较理想的效果。

The deformation and stability mechanisms of pelitic soft rock drift under rich water condition are more complicated than those of the general ones.

富水条件下泥质软岩巷道破坏及稳定性机制比一般软岩巷道更复杂，不仅需要采用多种复合支护控制围岩非线性大变形，还必须进一步控制其泥化进程。

The deformation and stability mechanisms of pelitic soft rock drift under rich water condition are more complicated than those of the general ones.

摘要富水条件下泥质软岩巷道破坏及稳定性机制比一般软岩巷道更复杂，不仅需要采用多种复合支护控制围岩非线性大变形，还必须进一步控制其泥化进程。

It's very difficult to accurately determine the mechanics parameters of the caves, the boundary and initial conditions, the best construction scheme and support parameters before the caves are excavated, so there are a lot of blindness, diseconomy and hidden risks in the predesign of the caves.

由于在地下洞室开挖之前较准确地确定围岩的地质条件及相关的基本参数往往是很难的，故开挖方案和支护参数初步设计也存在许多盲目性，不经济性或安全隐患。

By the method and procedure in this paper, the stress and strain of supporting structure are studied under the condition of different heaped load,excavation depth, excavation separatrix location and soil mass condition.

利用本文的计算方法及程序，分别计算分析了外加荷载不同、开挖深度不同、挖深分界不同、两侧土质不同等四种情况下支护结构的内力和变形。

This one mode pays close attention to network credence foundation of the businessman very much.

这一模式非常关注商人的网络信用基础。

Cell morphology of bacterial ghost of Pasteurella multocida was observed by scanning electron microscopy and inactivation ratio was estimated by CFU analysi.

扫描电镜观察多杀性巴氏杆菌细菌幽灵和菌落形成单位评价遗传灭活率。