支护

And the design method for U-steel yieldable support and combined structure of steel and concrete is discussed.

论文首先介绍了地下工程支护结构理论的发展及其研究现状；结合五轮山煤矿施工现场，论文采用超静定结构力学计算方法、有限元的分析方法，主要对浅埋强风化段支护结构进行了力学分析；在总结现有文献研究成果的基础上，分析了型钢与混凝土的粘结机理，介绍了U型钢可缩性支架缩动前后的内力计算方法，讨论了考虑U型钢可缩性支架稳定性的承载能力问题，阐述了U型钢可缩性支架参数选择的原理。

The paper founds GM(1, 1) model of gray prediction theory in order to predict level displacement,and forecast horizontal displacement of 8-8 section of the Olympic Games project with it and compares forecast data and actual data.The result is that GM(1, 1) model may forecast short-term horizontal displacement after the model is proved eligibility. In order to manage long-term horizontal displacement,the paper founds metabolism GM(1, 1) model.At first, founding GM(1,1) model with known data and forecast next numerical value,next renewing founded GM(1,1) model with numerical value at the same time abnegating first data,and then forecast nest numerical value with same method.

本文为了预测土钉支护水平位移，建立了GM(1，1)灰色系统理论预测模型，应用灰色预测法GM(1，1)模型对奥运工程地下通道I标段8-8剖面的土钉支护产生的水平位移进行了预测，并与实测值进行比较，得出灰色预测法模型经检验合格后可以对工程进行水平位移的短期预测；为了使GM(1，1)模型同样适用于长期预测，用新陈代谢的GM(1，1)模型，即根据己知数列来建立GM(1，1)模型，预测一个灰数值，然后不断地将预测值补充到己知数列之后，每补充一个再去掉一个最老的数据构成新的数列，建立一个新的GM(1，1)模型，预测下一个值。

We edit retaining engineering of deep excavation system optimization and analyzed procedure which is based on classifying and compartmentalizing corresponding investigated arrangement, and setting out from system optimization's theory.

在归类划分相应研究层次的基础上，从系统优化的理论出发，提出建立深基坑支护设计的优化模型的思路，编制深基坑支护系统优化分析程序，并用工程实例进行了验证分析。

Further more, design scheme and main technical measures of dewatering and compound support are introduced in detail.

详细介绍了基坑降水及组合支护设计方案、主要技术措施，并对支护结构及周边建筑沉降和位移及基坑内地下水位进行观测。

Based on the theory of hanging on laneway roof with roof bolt and taking the bolt as base point, this new preceding support can work in the free space on the laneway roof, allowing other equipments such as the entry-driving machine work at the same time, thus improving the utilizing efficiency of the laneway. On the cirques track of bolts, its three groups of claw, which are driven by hydraulic force, work as fulcrums to one another to push the support move forward.

基于顶板锚杆悬挂理论，以锚杆为基点，采用自制圆形梁为执道，以液压力驱动3组机爪互为支点实现超前支架在巷道顶部空间的迈步前移，采用具有顶板适应性的变运动方向平行四边形机构作为超前支护机构，来实现超前支架的支护作业。

Set my factory product development, manufacturing and sale of products and services in one, through the introduction, absorption, development, innovation, use of professional and technical production of self-drilling hollow grouting anchor series products and dedicated supporting machinery (latent air drilling, rock drill , grouting machines, jet injection pump, bolt, etc.) are widely used in underground engineering (transport tunnels, hydraulic tunnels, mines and various uses of roadway anchor bolting) geotechnical engineering (slope, rock embankment , deep foundation pit of the anchor) to repair reinforcement works (tunnels, sea walls, dams, housing construction).

我厂集产品开发，生产制造及产品销售与服务于一体，通过引进，吸收，开发，创新，采用专业技术生产的自钻式中空注浆锚杆系列产品及专用配套机械(潜空钻，凿岩机，注浆机，喷射机，注浆泵，锚杆机等)广泛应用于地下工程（交通隧道，水工隧道，矿山巷道和各类用途的锚固支护）岩土工程（边坡，堤岩，深基坑的锚固支护）修复加固工程（隧道，海堤，大坝，房屋建筑）。

We, in this paper, combined the finite elements analysis with space similar material analogy test, studied the stability of the un-supported enclosing rock section during the comprehensive operation construction of the vertical coal shafts, analyzed the distribution laws of enclosing rock strain and surface radial displacement, hereby studying the un-supported height influence upon the enclosing rock.

本文将有限元分析和空间相似材料模拟试验相结合。对煤矿立井应用混合作业方式施工时未支护段围岩稳定性进行了研究，分析了围岩应力及表面径向位移的分布规律，研究了围岩失稳形式及失稳规律，并由此研究了未支护段高度对围岩稳定性的影响。

According to the similarity method and model test method,a indoor test was conducted and the soil pressure distribution in the grillage supporting structure with prestressed anchor bar in the loess slope was studied.

在框架预应力锚杆支护边坡工程中，由于锚杆、预应力及堆载的存在，使得边坡应力状态复杂。以相似理论为基础，通过室内模型试验的方法，研究黄土地区框架预应力锚杆支护边坡的土压力分布规律。试验结果表明，锚杆预应力的大小、位置及其施加次序是影响边坡应力状态的主要因素

The article has fully discussed the working status and functioning mechanisms of the shotcrete layer, reinforcement fabric, anchor bar and the advanced vertical high-pressure injective paste anchor pipe support, as well as the effective confining and supporting function on the deformation failure of the soil mass on the ground, in the side walls and beneath the foundation

文中充分论述了喷射混凝土面层、钢筋网、锚杆和超前竖直高压注浆锚管支护的工作状态和作用机理，及对地面、边壁内、基础下部土体变形破坏的有效限制和支护作用。

Countering difficult tunnel support and conventional supporting mechod which is out of effectiveness under complex geological conditions ,the bolt connecting chain which is used jointly with friction bolt is designed.

针对复杂地质条件下巷道支护困难、常规支护方法失效的情况，设计了与摩擦锚杆联合使用的锚杆联系链。

But we don't care about Battlegrounds.

但我们并不在乎沙场中的显露。

Ah! don't mention it, the butcher's shop is a horror.

啊！不用提了。提到肉，真是糟透了。