摩擦

The invention discloses a ternary alloy hyperacoustic motor frictional material of the fire resistance resin modified polyphenyl ester, which solves the low friction coefficient problem, the low impact strength problem, the low abradability problem and the bad processability problem of the prior hyperacoustic motor.

耐高温树脂改性聚苯酯三元合金超声马达摩擦材料，它涉及一种聚苯酯基超声马达的摩擦材料。本发明解决了现有超声马达摩擦材料存在摩擦系数小、冲击强度低、耐磨性能达不到要求，以及加工性能差等缺点。

The results show that when the porosity of sample was higher, compressure rate was higher and resilience rate was lower, however resilient rate of sample with higher porosity were increased notably when pressure was increased, and it tended to accord with of sample with lower porosity. The friction coefficient was higher when porosity of paper-based friction material was higher, and the friction coefficient tended to reduce and stabilize when braking pressure was increased. The friction coefficient of sample with high porosity tended to reduce and stabilize in continuous braking cycles.

结果表明：在相同载荷下，随着孔隙率增大，材料的压缩率增加而回弹率降低，随着载荷增加，高孔隙率材料的回弹率先明显增大，而后趋于稳定；在相同比压和转速下，孔隙率越高，材料的摩擦系数越大，随着比压增加，孔隙率高的材料摩擦系数逐渐降低，且不同孔隙率材料的摩擦系数逐渐趋于一致；在连续循环制动时，高孔隙率材料的摩擦系数逐渐降低并趋于稳定。

By friction round shape of the different levels can be divided into cylindrical friction wheel drive, cylindrical trough friction wheel drive, three kinds of cone friction wheel drive.

按摩擦轮形状的不同，可分为圆柱平摩擦轮传动、圆柱槽摩擦轮传动、圆锥摩擦轮传动三种。

It is shown that the friction force and bulkhead thrust are the main factors of shield thrust setting, while the friction between the cutterhead and soil is the main factors of cutterhead torque setting. Friction force between shield and soil would make front soil of shield upheave, and subsidence of surface soil is induced by ground loss when the friction force between the cutterhead and soil results in the surface settlement asymmetrical distribution.

通过计算发现，盾构施工中盾壳摩擦和正面推力是盾构推力设置的主要因素，而刀盘与土体摩擦是刀盘扭矩设置的主要因素，盾构前方土体隆起主要由盾壳摩擦引起，刀盘摩擦作用主要引起地表沉降的非对称分布，地表沉降主要由盾尾空隙产生。

The results show that the microstructure of ventra1 scale for python was composed of micro-convex and plank structure that was periodically arranged, it was mensurable and could be described by 9 characteristic parameters. Its surface was different in their forward and backward lean angle. The frictional coefficient of the ventra1 scale had closely relationship with moving direction, it decreased with the increasing load. The value of the frictional coefficient was about 0.07. The frictional coefficient while python moved backward and laterally were equal, and that was 33% more than that moved ahead. The frictional force of the ventra1 scale surface was caused by mechanical tooth function of micro-convex, acting intermolecular force and material's elastic hysteresis. The difference of forward and behind bevel for micro-convex was the anisotropy reason of frictional force.

结果表明：腹鳞表面的微观结构由指状微突体和板结构部分周期排列而成，其结构可用9个特征参数定量描述；腹鳞表面摩擦力由分子作用力、表面微突体的犁沟力、楔形作用力以及材料弹性滞后共同引起；腹鳞表面的摩擦系数在0.07左右并与运动方向有关，摩擦系数随载荷增加而减小；后向运动及左、右侧向运动时摩擦系数基本相等，比前向运动时高33%左右；腹鳞表面微突体不同方向上倾斜角度的差异是引起摩擦各向异性的主要原因。

The piezoelectric motor includes a piezoelectric member which generates a first vibration mode and a second vibration mode simultaneously by an applied power and a frictional member of which a portion is insertedly attached into a concave portion indentedly formed on one side of the piezoelectric member, wherein the frictional member is in an elliptic motion by the vibration generated by the piezoelectric member, so that an influence of the attachment of the frictional member to a resonance frequency can be minimized.

该压电电机包括：压电构件，通过施加的功率同时产生第一振动模式和第二振动模式；摩擦构件，摩擦构件的一部分插入地附着到凹入地形成在压电构件的一侧上的凹入部分中，其中，摩擦构件通过由压电构件产生的振动进行椭圆运动，从而能够使附着摩擦构件对谐振频率的影响最小化。

In order to investigate the frictional temperature of brake rotor,the thermal transmission model of brake disc during braking was theoretically derived,and the equation of heat conduction on the basis of change of friction heat flow intensity and experimental research to real brake plate was obtained.

为了研究摩擦过程中制动盘摩擦表面温升的情况，在1∶1惯性制动实验研究的基础上，基于制动过程中摩擦热流强度的变化，建立了制动时制动盘传热模型，推导出了制动盘摩擦表面温度的计算公式，并用此公式算出的结果与实测温度进行了对比。

The mode of the friction saw cutting has been founded and the theory of that one has been put forward according to analysing the process of friction saw cutting, which make use of friction and extrusion to increase temperature of the area of work cutting and make the hardness and strength of work reduce obviously.

通过对摩擦锯切过程的分析，建立摩擦锯切模型，提出了摩擦锯切的原理，主要是利用挤压变形和摩擦，提高工件切削区的温度，使工件的强度和硬度显著下降，同时，设法保持刀具的温度在300℃以下，使硬度保持不变，从而实现了刀具硬度与工件硬度比的大量增加，完成超高速切削。

The relationship between the effect of friction on the motion and the parameters, including driving velocity, the kinetic friction coefficient, the friction drop number between the static and kinetic friction coefficient, and the joint equivalent spring stiffness, is investigated quantificationally.

本文分别计算这两类系统受同样激励时的摩擦扰动均值比，进行对比研究，在相同参数条件下，包括动摩擦系数，静动摩擦落差数和激励幅值，摩擦对微振动系统的影响一般要大于对有限刚体运动系统的影响。

The rule of dry sliding friction wear of vermicular iron was analyzed.

分析了蠕墨铸铁的干滑动摩擦磨损规律，研究了工况条件、成分、组织对蠕墨铸铁干滑动摩擦学特性的影响，探讨了蠕墨铸铁摩擦表面三维形貌与摩擦表面温度特性，结果表明：蠕墨铸铁与球墨铸铁和灰铸铁相比具有最低的磨损率和最高的摩擦系数与最低的摩擦系数衰减量，适合于作为制动器材料。

The absorption and distribution of chromium were studied in ryeusing nutrient culture technique and pot experiment.

采用不同浓度K2CrO4(0，0.4，0.8和1.2 mmol/L)的Hoagland营养液处理黑麦幼苗，测定铬在黑麦体内的亚细胞分布、铬化学形态及不同部位的积累。

By analyzing theory foundation of mathematical morphology in the digital image processing, researching morphology arithmetic of the binary Image, discussing two basic forms for the least structure element: dilation and erosion.

通过分析数学形态学在图像中的理论基础，研究二值图像的形态分析算法，探讨最小结构元素的两种基本形态：膨胀和腐蚀；分析了数学形态学复杂算法的基本原理，把数学形态学的部分并行处理理念引入到家实际应用中。