摩擦

Based on theoretical way and test, a method of heat capacity design is developed.

文中以某综合传动装置为工程背景，在机械设计学原理指导下，通过理论分析与试验研究，形成一套系统完整的摩擦元件热容量设计方法，并提供可以信赖的设计数据，指导摩擦元件热容量设计。

To apply the friction spinning method in the medium or fine count range is one of the main targets of the research on friction spinning method at home and abroad.

将摩擦纺纱法引入细支纱领域，一直是国内外摩擦纺纱研究的主要目标之一。

In order to interpret the impact from different intensity of friction factors on urban development, a new model is developed by adding incidental cost and friction factors to the traditional Thunen Model.

为此，传统的杜能模型需要进行扩展，在原始模型的基础上加入偶然成本以及影响城市扩展的摩擦因子以对其进行完善，以便解释摩擦因子的不同强度对城市扩展的不同影响。

There are different views about the genesis of nano-sized particle layers in rocks, and we incline to the view that shear friction plays a dominant role and that the nano-sized particle layer may be called a frictional-viscous thin layer.

对岩石中纳米粒子层的成因有着不同的观点，我们倾向于剪切摩擦的主导作用，纳米粒子层可称谓摩擦-粘性薄层带。

The boundary singular kernel method and modified penalty method are utilized to treat the velocity boundary conditions and incompressibility constraint, respectively. The arc-tangential friction model is employed to treat the contact conditions.

分别采用边界奇异权法和修正的罚函数法处理速度边界条件和体积不可压缩条件，采用反正切摩擦模型处理摩擦边界条件，推导了金属三维塑性成形过程EFGM法数值模拟的刚度方程，给出了关键算法。

Nano- and Micro-Hardness Testers（Nano Indentor/Micro Indentor）- Quantitative measurement of mechanical surface properties: elastic modulus and hardness - Analysis of fracture modes, cracking,… Nano- and Micro-Scratch Testers - Adhesion and anti-scratch properties of coatings and films - Profilometry Tribometers - High Temperature, Vacuum and Nano Tribology - Wear and Friction studies Calotest / Calowear - Coating thickness measurement - Wear rate testing 3D Imaging - Atomic Force Microscope - Confocal Microscope

动态压痕测试仪器为您提供纳米或微米尺度下材料的硬度、弹性模量、蠕变、断裂韧性等性质。我们还为您提供纳米级、微米级摩擦磨损测试仪器，用以测量材料的摩擦系数和磨损率。我们的球磨仪器是测量薄膜厚度最简单准确的工具。我们同时提供光学显微镜、原子力显微镜、白光共焦显微镜成像工具。我们在瑞士的分析测试中心随时准备为您提供高质量测试服务。

Because the workpiece is in dynamic balance, the resultant moment acting on it should be zero. Introducing the moment from lapping tool and press head a moving differential equation is built. In this equation only workpiece rotating speed is unknown. It means that workpiece rotating speed can be got by this equation. Since there is a transcendental function in integral function of the equation an analytic result can not be got, only digital result can be got by a computer. Thus a change rule of workpiece rotating speed with lapping parameters is known, e.g. the radius of press disc ball socket, radius of press head ball, the distance between the workpiece rotating axis and lapping tool rotating axis, workpiece radius, modulus of elasticity of the press head and press disc, friction coefficients between the lapping tool and workpiece, and between the head and disc, pressure between the lapping tool and workpiece and pressure between the press head and press disc.

因工件处于动态平衡状态，其上所受到的来自于磨具和压头的力矩应相等，将二力矩表达式联立，建立工件运动微分方程，该方程中只有工件的旋转角速度是未知量，因此可以求出工件旋转角速度，但该方程积分式中含有超越函数，得不出解析解，只能通过计算机求出数值解，得出工件旋转角速度随各研磨参数的变化规律，如压盖球座半径、压头的球头半径、工件回转中心相对磨具回转中心的偏心距、工件半径、压头和压盖材料的弹性模量、磨具与工件间的摩擦系数、压头压盖间的摩擦系数、磨具与工件间的压强、压头压盖间的压力等。

K stands for the coefficient of kinetic friction and Fk stands for the Force due to the kinetic friction, m is the mass of the ball and g means gravity.

k主张系数的动力学摩擦的FK对于主张武力由于动力学摩擦， M是质量的球和G手段的严重性。

At the same time, some factors such as cohesive strength, internal friction angle, slope angle of slide plane, groundwater level and earthquake intensity are analyzed. Different sensitive degrees with assurance factor are obtained. The mathematical models are simulated for them. It supplies the theoretical basis for how to confirm stability of part of slope. This will offer some guidance for the practical engineering.

同时，通过研究粘聚力、内摩擦角、滑动面倾角、地下水位及地震烈度等影响因素对边坡安全系数的敏感性程度，得到了该边坡工程的主要影响因素，并通过岩体粘聚力、内摩擦角及地震烈度与边坡稳定性系数的关系曲线分别模拟出了它们的数学模型，对确定边坡某一具体位置的稳定性程度提供了理论基础，具有一定的实际指导意义。

The action point of limiting force on retaining structure is not always at 1/3 of the height of retaining structures, but varies with the friction angle δ between soil and retaining structures, the type of limiting state, the failure mode, the internal friction angle φ, and cohesion c of the soil, ranging from 1/5 to 2/3 of the height of retaining structures.

3土体极限荷载P〓的作用点位置不象Coulomb理论中假定的那样，总是作用在墙高的1／3处，而是与土体极限状态的类型、土体的破坏形式、墙土之间的摩擦角δ、土体的内摩擦角φ和粘聚力c有关系，在挡土结构物高度的1／5到2／3的范围内取值。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。