摩擦

Surface frication meteorological index related to meteorological conditions was defined.Based on its influence to safety driving,surface frication meteorological index grades were established in high way of Jilin province.And a method of forecasting surface friction meteorological index was discussed according to weather conditions.

定义了与气象条件有关的路面摩擦气象指数，根据其对车辆安全行驶的影响，制定了吉林省高速公路路面摩擦气象指数的等级划分标准，研究探讨了根据天气条件预报高速公路路面摩擦气象指数的方法。

By designing different test rigs, choosing different friction materials and performing a large amount of tests, the property of friction with respect to the variation of normal loads, relative velocities and lubricational conditions is examined.

通过设计不同的测试装置，采用不同的摩擦材料，通过大量的实验，测试并分析了摩擦力随接触界面间正压力、相对速度、润滑状态变化的情况，研究了摩擦力在预滑动和宏观滑动阶段的静态及动态摩擦特性，发现并提出摩擦过冲概念。

The effect of additive concentration on tribological characteristics of liquid paraffine and water was evaluated on Optimol SRV friction and wear tester. The effect of anions and cations on the tribological properties of additives in water was also investigated.

(1)考察了在干摩擦和液体石蜡润滑下铈离子注入剂量对GCr15轴承钢摩擦磨损性能的影响，以及大气中水分对注入试样摩擦磨损性能的影响，采用XPS和EPMA等表面分析仪器对磨损表面进行了分析。

The additives including tricresyl-phosphate,dibutyl phosphite,dodecylamine and a phosphated amine salt were used.

采用SRV摩擦磨损试验机评价了磷酸三甲酚酯、磷酸二丁酯、十二胺和磷酸胺盐抗磨添加剂在液体石蜡中对钢-铝摩擦副摩擦磨损性能的影响。

In order to do research on pipe flow and pump characteristics of polymer flooding and water flooding rod-pumped well in especially high water-cut stage, rheometric test aimed at production stream from polymer flooding and water flooding rod-pumped well in especially high water-cut stage has been made, and the characteristic of production stream in especially high water-cut stage is confirmed as Newtonian fluid. Experiments using different mediums about pipe flow and pump characteristics is made. Frictional resistance and coefficient of friction resistance of annulus fluid between sucker rod and the pipe flow is calculated under different working conditions. Frictional resistance between plunger and pump barrel under different parameters is calculated based on related theory of pump characteristic and the strained analytical model of oil-well pump. Besides, using the theory of slit flow and hydraulic -clamping pressure, the frictional resistance is calculated, and the error between the result and measured value is no more than 13%.

为研究特高含水期水驱及聚驱抽油机井管流特性与泵特性，本文针对特高含水期水驱及聚驱井采出液进行了流变性试验，确定了特高含水期油井采出液的性质属牛顿流体；利用不同介质，进行管流特性与泵特性试验，得到了不同工况下杆、管环空流的摩擦阻力和摩阻系数；根据泵特性相关理论和抽油泵受力分析模型，计算了不同参数下柱塞与泵筒间的摩擦阻力，并利用缝隙流与液压卡紧力理论对柱塞与泵筒间的摩擦阻力进行了计算，计算结果与实测值误差在13%以内。

The influence of the carbon amount and sulphidation on the fricton and wear of iron-base materials was investigated.

在HDM-10型端面摩擦磨损试验机上分别进行恒定载荷与变动载荷摩擦磨损试验，考察了含碳量及硫化处理对铁基粉末冶金材料摩擦磨损性能的影响。

Contact configuration under unlubricated condition were investigated, with the effect of the nano-La_2O_3 content on the friction and wear behaviors of the composite coatings to be emphasized. The worn surfaces of the composite coatings were analyzed using a scanning electron microscope and compared with t...

结果表明，在干摩擦条件下，随着La2O3纳米颗粒含量的增加，纳米复合镀层的摩擦系数降低，耐磨性能提高；La2O3质量分数为3.1%的纳米复合镀层的摩擦系数最低，耐磨性能最佳；纯Ni镀层呈现严重的粘着磨损特征，而纳米复合镀层主要呈现轻微磨粒磨损特征。

To improve unlubricated sliding wear properties of Epoxy, nano-SiC particles were incorporated as fillers to fabricate composites. Effects of surface modification via graft polymerization, content of the nanoparticles and wear conditions were studied.

以提高环氧树脂的摩擦磨损性能为目的，研究了纳米碳化硅粒子填充环氧树脂复合材料的滑动干摩擦磨损特性，着重探讨纳米粒子表面接枝改性、纳米粒子含量、摩擦条件等对复合材料摩擦学性能的影响。

Textile colorfastness to crocking is very important, and there are differences among test methods in different countries. The test results are influenced by different test methods. In order to avoid the "trade rubs" among different countries, it is necessary to know the correlation among test results of different test methods. In this paper, Chinese GB(GB/T 3920-51997), AATCC(AATCC TM 82004) and JIS(JIS L 0849-1996) test methods of colorfastness to crocking were introduced.

纺织品耐摩擦色牢度是重要的检测指标，各国的标准和测试方法有一些差异，而不同的测试方法对测试结果有一定的影响，为了解不同测试方法测试结果的相关性，以避免贸易摩擦，本文介绍了耐摩擦色牢度的我国国标(GB/T 3920 5 1997)、美国纺织化学家及染色家协会标准(AATCC TM8 2004)、日本标准工业协会标准(JIS L 0849 1996)等三个测试方法标准，通过对相同试样的三种测试方法的测试，探讨了评定值之间的相互关系。

Under heavy load and high temperature conditions, the nanoparticles are flatted between two friction surfaces and form a sliding system which makes the friction surface more flat to reduce the friction factor and the wear value.

在重载和高温条件下，纳米粒子平铺在摩擦面之间形成滑动摩擦层，以降低摩擦表面的摩擦因数和磨斑直径。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。