摩擦

Triboelectric effects: the creation of charge unbalance due to frictional effects when materials rub against each other.

摩擦电效应：当材料互相摩擦时，由于摩擦效应产生的电荷不平衡。

The universal research in microscopic tribological mechanism of contact, adhesion, friction, molecular-level solid-liquid interaction, tribochemistry, triboelectricity etc, in the interaction among goetmaterials or between goematerials and artificial materials during geomotion, were reviewed and analyzed.

2综述和分析了地质运动过程中普遍存在的微观摩擦机制如接触、粘着、分子级流体-固体相互作用、摩擦化学、摩擦电性等的研究概况，认为地质摩擦学的研究应具有宏观和微观两个层次，对地质运动的微观机制的研究将促进对地质材料的地球物理、化学和力学性质的研究，并有助于对各种尺度上的地质运动过程的理解

Ourgoals are to synthesize new triboluminescent complexes, to determine their crystalstructures, photoluminescence spectra and triboluminescence spectra, and to dosystematic researches of relationships between their crystal structures andtriboluminescent activities.

为了解释有对称中心结构的物质具有摩擦发光现象，Sweeting提出，在具有摩擦发光特性的有对称中心结构的物质中，少量的杂质及结构的无序可能对摩擦发光起了很重要的作用。

Four non-ionic europium complexes,〓-phen(11),〓·bipy(12),〓·dia(13) and 〓(14)(TTA=2-thenoyltrifluoroacetone, DBM=dibenzoylmethane, phen=phenanthroline, bipy=2,2'-bipyridine, dia=4,5- diazafluoren-9-one, dmbp=4,4'-dimethyl-2,2,-bipyridine), were synthesised and the triboluminescent phenomena of 12, 13 and 14 were firstly observed. Structure determinations of 11,12 and 14 were carried out. The triboluminescence maxima of 12 and 13 are similar to those of their photoluminescence. X-Ray structure analyses show that Eu atoms all exhibit eight-coordinate tetragonal antiprismatic geometries and complexes 11, 12 and 14 are all centrosymmetric.

二、合成了四个非离子型的铕的配合物：〓、〓、和〓(14)[HTTA=2-噻吩三氟甲酰丙酮，DBM=二苯甲酰基甲烷，phen=邻菲罗啉， bipy=2，2'-联吡啶，dia=4，5-二氮杂芴-9-酮，dmbp=4，4'-二甲基-2，2'-联吡啶]，首次报道了12、13及14的摩擦发光性质，测定了11、12及14的晶体结构，并系统地讨论了晶体结构和摩擦发光活性之间的关系。12及13的摩擦发光光谱的极大值均类似与其相应的光致发光光谱，表明它们有相同的激发态。

By using HST-100 high speed tribometer,the friction couple of different materials can be tested under high speed and electric current .

我们研制了 HST-100型高速载流摩擦磨损试验机，其主要性能完全满足模拟高速铁路实际工况下的速度、载荷及电流等参数的要求，能够对不同材质的摩擦配副材料进行高速工况条件下的载流摩擦磨损试验。

Dry sliding friction between the polycrystalline Al59Cu25.5Fe12.5B3 quasicrystals and coating of the diamond-like carbon was carried out by self-made tribometer under different conditions.

在不同摩擦试验条件下，准晶材料Al59Cu25.5Fe12.5B3与类金刚石涂层在自制的摩擦仪进行了干摩擦试验。

In order to compare the tribological properties of two aluminum matrix composites reinforced by different content of B4C particles ,the pin samples were prepared with them and friction and wear tests of pin-on-steel disc were carried out on a multifunctional tribometer.

为了比较两种含量不同的碳化硼颗粒增强铝基复合材料的摩擦学性能，将其加工成销试样，在多功能摩擦磨损试验机上分别与钢盘试样进行对比摩擦磨损试验，重点研究了接触载荷和相对滑动速度对两种复合材料摩擦磨损性能的影响。

The effect of metallic surface film and wear debris on the dry sliding behavior and self generated voltage of various metal metal systems was experimentally investigated on a specially designed ball on disc tribometer.

针对几种常用金属摩擦副，在球－盘式摩擦磨损试验机上考察了金属表面膜及其磨粒对其摩擦行为和表面自生电势的影响。

But in actual experimental process, the viscous force of friction has influenc in the varying degree to the measurement result when the initial velocity of the slide block is different.

在气垫导轨上做碰撞实验，最大限度地减少了摩擦阻力的影响，但在实际的实验过程中，仍发现滑块的初速度不同时，粘滞性摩擦阻力对测量结果有不同程度的影响，为此在气垫导轨上增加了电子发射装置，较好地控制滑块的初速度和测量滑块的加速度，从而减小粘滞性摩擦阻力对测量结果的影响。

At the aspect of the fade and the average wear, the bakelite modified by the chemigum was better than the bakelite modified by the bunas; When mixing the kevlar fiber and steel fiber their"cooperation effect"happened easily, especially, in the proportion of one to four, the friction materials had the better tribology performance; It was demonstrated that Sb2S3 played a role of binding adhesive of friction materials in high temperature, which could reduce the content of the agglomerant, but it was a higher price material, mixing the petroleum powder and CuS in appropriate proportion would replace it in friction

应用造粒技术，采用颗粒包层的方法，改变摩擦材料内部结构，使摩擦材料由配方比例设计到配方与结构综合设计的转变成为可能，将为研制新型摩擦材料探索出一条新的思路。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。