摄影

The flight plan is an important work of aerial photography, and its precision, automatization and speed directly influence the quality and efficiency of aerial photography.

航空摄影规划设计是航空摄影工作中的一项重要内容，其精度高低、自动化程度和设计速度将直接影响航空摄影的质量和效益。

The ambrotype was an inexpensive alternative to the daguerreotype, similar in size and also mainly used for portraits.

这种摄影法是作为廉价的替代品出现的，它取代了达盖尔银版摄影法。照片的尺寸大小基本一样并且多用在肖像摄影上。

Popularity of the daguerreotype declined in the late 1850s when the ambrotype, a faster and less expensive photographic process, became available.

19世纪50年代后期，这种摄影法的受欢迎程度逐渐下降，因为玻璃版摄影法出现了，新的摄影法更快捷，廉价，只需要很少的经验就能操作。

That is, photography has two antithetic al ideals: in the first, photography is about the world and the photographer is a mere observer who counts for little; but in the second, photography is the instrument of intrepid, questing subjectivity and the photo

那就是说，摄影术有两个相互对立的观念：第一，摄影术是反映世界的，摄影者只不过是无足轻重的观察者；第二，摄影术是无畏探索的主观性的手段，摄影者决定一切。

Traditional photogrammetry was based on forward intersection and resection using survey point, so collinear equation （object point, image point and center of projection lie in a line） was the kernel of the whole photogrammetry, and relative orientation and absolute orientation were based on ideology of coplanar corresponding image point.

传统摄影测量是基于测点的前方交会和后方交会，所以共线方程（即物点、像点与摄影中心位于一条直线上）是整个摄影测量的核心。

The required courses are arranged to ensure that the students will be enabled to acquire the basic filmic skills and skills to use the equipments, so as to increase their practical capabilities, which include Photographic Lens Skills; Exposure Techniques and Skills, Application Principles For Sensitive Materials, On Camera Filters, Movie Camera, Film Lighting Techniques, Image Art Design, Skills in Cinematograph, Skills In Film Lighting, Basics of Film Shooting and Videotaping, Picture Framing, Computer Graphics, and Non-linear Editing and so on.

本系的必修科中，《摄影镜头的使用技巧》、《曝光技术与技巧》、《感光材料应用原理》、《摄影机滤光镜》、《电影摄影机》、《电影照明技术》、《造型艺术构思》、《电影摄影技巧》、《电影照明技巧》、《摄录像基础》、《电影摄影画面创作》、《计算机图形》和《非线性编辑》等课程能够保证学生熟练地掌握本专业的基本技术和设备的使用，并在此基础上增强学生的动手实践能力。

"Work" means the literary and/or artistic work offered under the terms of this License including without limitation any production in the literary, scientific and artistic domain, whatever may be the mode or form of its expression including digital form, such as a book, pamphlet and other writing; a lecture, address, sermon or other work of the same nature; a dramatic or dramatico-musical work; a choreographic work or entertainment in dumb show; a musical composition with or without words; a cinematographic work to which are assimilated works expressed by a process analogous to cinematography; a work of drawing, painting, architecture, sculpture, engraving or lithography; a photographic work to which are assimilated works expressed by a process analogous to photography; a work of applied art; an illustration, map, plan, sketch or three-dimensional work relative to geography, topography, architecture or science; a performance; a broadcast; a phonogram; a compilation of data to the extent it is protected as a copyrightable work; or a work performed by a variety or circus performer to the extent it is not otherwise considered a literary or artistic work.

本著作」指依据本授权条款提供的文学及艺术创作，包含但不限於以任何方式或形式表达之文学、科学及艺术范围之制作物，例如：书籍、小手册及其他撰著；演讲、演说、布道及其他类似同性质之著作；戏剧著作或歌剧著作；舞蹈著作或默剧；含歌词或不含歌词之音乐作曲；电影著作及其他藉由与电影摄影技术类似之程序表达之同类著作；素描、绘画、建筑、雕塑、雕刻或版画之著作；摄影著作及其他藉由与摄影技术类似之程序表达之同类著作；应用艺术著作；插图、地图、设计图、素描及地理、地形、建筑或科学相关立体著作；表演；广播；录音物；和可受著作权保护的资料编辑；或不属於文学或艺术创作的各式表演人或马戏团表演人所表演的创作。

H. "Work" means the literary and/or artistic work offered under the terms of this License including without limitation any production in the literary, scientific and artistic domain, whatever may be the mode or form of its expression including digital form, such as a book, pamphlet and other writing; a lecture, address, sermon or other work of the same nature; a dramatic or dramatico-musical work; a choreographic work or entertainment in dumb show; a musical composition with or without words; a cinematographic work to which are assimilated works expressed by a process analogous to cinematography; a work of drawing, painting, architecture, sculpture, engraving or lithography; a photographic work to which are assimilated works expressed by a process analogous to photography; a work of applied art; an illustration, map, plan, sketch or three-dimensional work relative to geography, topography, architecture or science; a performance; a broadcast; a phonogram; a compilation of data to the extent it is protected as a copyrightable work; or a work performed by a variety or circus performer to the extent it is not otherwise considered a literary or artistic work.

h。 「本著作」指本授权条款下提供的文学及艺术著作，包含但不限於以任何方式或形式表达之文学、科学及艺术范围之制作物，例如：书籍、小手册及其他撰著；演讲、演说、布道及其他类似同性质之著作；戏剧著作或歌剧著作；舞蹈著作或默剧；含歌词或不含歌词之音乐作曲；电影著作及其他藉由与电影摄影技术类似之程序表达之同类著作；素描、绘画、建筑、雕塑、雕刻或版画之著作；摄影著作及其他藉由与摄影技术类似之程序表达之同类著作；应用艺术著作；插图、地图、设计图、素描及地理、地形、建筑或科学相关立体著作；表演；广播；录音物；和可受著作权保护的著作同样受保护的资料编辑物；或种种表演人或马戏团表演人表演的不被视为文学或艺术著作的著作。

Wet -collodion reverse images (traditionally called tintypes and ambrotypes) are easier to make than daguerreotypes and consequently more accessible.

湿版火棉胶的负像（通常习惯于称之为铁版摄影法或玻璃版摄影术）要比达盖尔银版摄影法要容易制作，因此更能被大家接受。

Today, contemporary tintypes and other collodion-based imagery, along with once-obscure processes such as the daguerreotype, are regularly found in the contemporary art market.

在 19 世纪，铁版照相法被认为是"低级的"，摄影师无法反复的通过这种铁版来制作照片，并且它们很廉价，在当代，除了一次性暗房冲洗的达盖尔银版摄影术以外，铁版摄影法和火棉胶湿版摄影法经常的出现在现代艺术市场中。

No clear conclusions can be made about the predictie alidity of specific measures, they found, except for criteria for the underuse of drugs for cardioascular disease.

除了心血管病不合理用药标准外，对于特定评价方法的预测效度没有明确的结论。

The third and last is that almost all of them, being infinite in number, have been impostures, and by idle and crafty brains merely contrived and feigned after the event past.

第三、即最后一点是：几乎所有这些不胜枚举的预言都是欺人之谈，都是在事件过后由无聊而狡猾的脑筋推测与凭空捏造的。