提取

The results of experiment show the optimal extraction condition of Gardenia Yellow: refluxing and extracting three times with 50 percent ethanol in 55℃, water-bath and extracting 4 to 5 hours, Gardenia Yellow extract solution is separated by X-5 absorption resin, and then with 30 percent ethanol, getting Geniposide white crystal, the determining purity by HPLC come to 99.1% and can be used as standard, the part doffing by 70% ethanol can be concentrated to get more pure Gardenia Yellow pigment.

实验证明了栀子黄的最佳提取条件：50%的乙醇回流提取3次，55℃水浴加热，提取时间为4-5个小时。栀子黄提取液经X-5大孔吸附树脂分离，用30%乙醇溶液洗脱，纯化得到栀子苷白色晶体，HPLC检测纯度达99.1%，可做标准品使用。70%乙醇洗脱部分浓缩可得栀子黄产品，精制后产品纯度有显著提高。

It solves the problem that the unitary contour presentation can not correctly extract face contour in a face image which suffers from scale, rotation etc. The definition of the internal and external energy function is provided. At the same time, the global matching algorithm and local matching algorithm is given. The experiment shows that this presentation and the accompanying matching algorithm can be used to extract the face contour very well. So the image segmentation can be implemented by using it.②By analyzing the recognition principle of PCA method, we can conclude that the face images coming from different surrounding consist of different face image space. This is the essential reason that makes the generality of PCA method worse. Also, we give a measurement means to measure the distance from different face image space, so we can analyze face image space more conveniently.③We also construct various scale models and rotation pose models to detect the scale and rotating angle of face image to be recognized. The experiment results show that the detecting precision is very high. So it is good for face image feature extraction and face image representation.④Similarly, we construct local feature models of face image and utilize them to detect the local feature of face image. At the same time, we put forward a novel face image local feature detection algorithm, locating step by step. The experiment results show that this method can accurately detect the location of local face feature in a image.⑤A novel face image presentation model, dual attribute graph , is put forward. Firstly, it utilizes attribute graph to present the face image, then exact the local principal component coefficient and Gabor transform coefficient of thc pixels which corresponds to the nodes of the graph as the attribute of the nodes. This representation fully makes use of the statistical characteristic of the local face feature and utilizes Gabor transform to present the topographical structure of face image. So DAG has more general property.⑥Based on the DAG presentation, we give a DAG matching function and matching algorithm. During the design of the function and algorithm, the noise factor, e. g., lighting, scale and rotation pose are considered and tried to be eliminated. So the algorithm can give more general property.⑦A general face image recognition system is implemented. The experiment show the system can get better recognition performance under the noise surrounding of lighting, scale and rotation pose.

本文在上述研究的基础上，取得了如下主要研究成果：①构造了一个通用的人脸轮廓模型表示，解决了由于人脸图象尺度、旋转等因素而使得仅用单一轮廓表示无法正确提取人脸轮廓的问题，并给出了模型内、外能函数的定义，同时给出了模型的全局与局部匹配算法，实验表明，使用这种表示形式以及匹配算法，能够较好地提取人脸图象的轮廓，可实际用于人脸图象的分割；②深入分析了PCA方法的识别机制，得出不同成象条件下的人脸图象构成不同的人脸图象空间的结论，同时指出这也是造成PCA方法通用性较差的本质原因，并给出了不同人脸空间距离的一种度量方法，使用该度量方法能够直观地对人脸图象空间进行分析；③构造了各种尺度模板、旋转姿势模板以用于探测待识人脸图象的尺度、旋转角度，实验结果表明，探测精确度很高，从而有利于人脸图象特征提取，以及图象的有效表示；④构造了人脸图象的各局部特征模板，用于人脸图象局部特征的探测；同时提出了一种新的人脸图象局部特征探测法---逐步求精定位法，实验结果表明，使用这种方法能够精确地得到人脸图象各局部特征的位置；⑤提出了一种新的人脸图象表示法---双属性图表示法；利用属性图来表示人脸图象，并提取图节点对应图象位置的局部主成分特征系数以及Gabor变换系数作为图节点的属性，这种表示方法充分利用了人脸图象的局部特征的统计特性，并且使用Gabor变换来反映人脸图象的拓扑结构，从而使得双属性图表示法具有较强的通用性；⑥在双属性图表示的基础上，给出双属性图匹配函数及匹配算法，在函数及算法设计过程中，考虑并解决了光照、尺度、旋转姿势变化等因素对人脸图象识别的影响，使得匹配算法具有较强的通用性；⑦设计并实现了一个通用的人脸图象识别系统，实验结果表明，该系统在图象光照、尺度、旋转姿势情况下，得到了较好的识别效果。

The results showed that the influences on condensation of alcohol, t he amount of water-adding,extraction temperature and extraction time on the co n tent of polyhexose-extracting of the whole fruit and its exocarp were indistinc t ive relatively....

结果表明所选 4个因素(乙醇体积分数、加水量、加热温度和提取时间)对全果和外果皮多糖提取的影响相对不显著，采用短时多次提取，多糖提取比较完全。

The influence of different polarity solvents on the antimicrobial effect of Yucca gloriosa L.extraction was studied,and the optimum extraction conditions were confirmed with L_9(3~4) orthogonal experiment.

以不同极性的提取溶剂制备凤尾兰提取液，研究提取液对几种果蔬病原菌的抑制效果，通过单因素试验和L9(34)正交试验，确定抑菌成分的较佳提取条件。

Defatted wheat germ was micronized by comibmed method of hammer mill and colloid mill in order to increase the extraction rate of protein, followed by steps of alkali extraction and ultrafilter concentration, respectively. A quadratic mathematical model was developed statistically by means of Box-Behnken central composite design and response surface methodology.

为了提高麦胚蛋白的提取率，采用锤式粉碎与胶体粉碎相结合的方法对脱脂麦胚进行微细化处理，再用碱提、超滤浓缩法提取制备麦胚蛋白，同时，通过Box-Behnken中心组合设计及响应面分析，建立了预测麦胚蛋白提取率的二次多项数学模型，优化了蛋白质的提取工艺。

At first, the area of the mouth is segmented by using the value vertical and horizontal projection of red pixel.

首先，采用红色像素点进行水平和垂直投影的方法对嘴唇进行区域分割，然后再利用边缘提取和红色像素点提取相结合的方法对嘴唇进行提取，此方法可以有效地去除嘴唇周围的阴影干扰和其它干扰，完整地将嘴唇从原图中分割提取出来。

The first method is based multi-scale decompression using wavelet theory, it extract gray feature from each channel to form feature vector, it can distinguishobjects, but this method not have invariant property when object rotate.

红外图像的特征提取：先介绍了传统的特征提取的方法，然后提出了一种多通道特征提取的方法，包括了基于小波的频率多通道和基于灰度的多通道的特征提取方法。

By TM images the linear structures, water system, the outer edge of Tianchi Volcano trachite are extracted. By the sensitivity of SAR images to geomorphology, the distribution of parasitical volcano cone and lava fornix around Tianchi volcano are interpreted. With the aerial photos the parasitical lava of Qixiangzhan, Baiyun and Bingchang stage are filtered. At the same time by orthogonal cross-course wavelet transform, texture analysis is carried on to ERS-2 SAR images, and the texture characters are filtered. On the basis of the spectrum character of multi-band of TM images, multi-band algebraic grouping is made, and the factor of texture character factor and band grouping of TM images are input to BP neural network classification model. The good classified results are received.

利用TM图像对线性构造、水系、天池火山粗面岩锥体外边缘的提取；利用SAR图像对地形敏感特性，提取了天池火山周围寄生火山锥体及熔岩穹丘的分布；利用航片对天池火山口周围的气象站期、白云期、冰场期等寄生喷发物进行了提取：同时利用正交小波变换对ERS-2 SAR图像进行了纹理分析，提取了纹理特征：根据TM图像不同波段的光谱特征，进行了波段代数组合，并把纹理特征参数与TM图像的波段组合及DEM一起输入BP神经元网络分类器，取得了较好的分类效果。

Sheep embryo with high-purity,high-quality and high security features to extract the cells from the completion of the injection can be divided into three phases:-Using the most advanced chemical and biological equipment from sheep embryos to extract the liver activity of the protein and remove impurities,heat-sensitive eggs White matter and may result in allergic reactions of various types of risk factors-The adoption of advanced technology to extract the cells separated,thus the effectiveness of different cells,such as chest Gland cells,placental cells,liver cells and so on dozens of different types of-Using the most advanced technology to maintain the freeze-dried cells of live sheep-embryo for the first time the use of only afew hours to keep The cell activity,and now,with the continuous development of science and technology,after the extract ion of the cells have been able to keep to five years.

羊胚胎素具有高纯度、高品质和高安全性的特点，从细胞的提取到针剂的完成可分为三个阶段：-运用最先进的生化磁粉探伤仪，从小羊胚胎的肝脏中提取活性蛋白质，并去除杂质、热敏感蛋白质及可能导致过敏反应的各类危险因子-通过先进的技术对提取的活性细胞进行分离，从而得到具有不同功效的活性细胞，如胸腺细胞、胎盘细胞、肝脏细胞等几十种不同类型-采用目前最先进的冻干技术来保持细胞鲜活性，羊胚胎素在最初使用时只能保持几小时的细胞活性，而如今，随着科学技术的不断发展，提取后的细胞活性已经可以保持到5年。

The method extracts a quantity to be evaluation index with total yellow ketone, on foundation of affirmatory mellow pH indicator, choice alcohol dosage , extraction time , extraction is inspect an element, use L9(34) of orthogonal trial law to decide alcohol extracts the optimal craft that ketone always fizzles out in old marabou grass.

方法以总黄酮提取量为评价指标，在确定醇浓度的基础上，选择乙醇用量、提取时间、提取温度为考察因素，采用正交试验法L9(34)确定醇提取老鹳草中总黄酮的最佳工艺。

On the other hand, the more important thing is because the urban housing is a kind of heterogeneity products.

另一方面，更重要的是由于城市住房是一种异质性产品。

Climate histogram is the fall that collects place measure calm value, cent serves as cross axle for a few equal interval, the area that the frequency that the value appears according to place is accumulated and becomes will be determined inside each interval, discharge the graph that rise with post, also be called histogram.

气候直方图是将所收集的降水量测定值，分为几个相等的区间作为横轴，并将各区间内所测定值依所出现的次数累积而成的面积，用柱子排起来的图形，也叫做柱状图。