提出水面

To improve warship's ability of defense torpedo, the thesis raises a assumption that use subaqueous cannonball to intercept torpedo by carrier helicopter for the first time.

为了进一步提高水面舰艇对鱼雷的防御作战能力，首次提出了舰载直升机使用航空深弹拦截鱼雷的战术设想。

The hybrid concepts were introduced by David Taylor Naval Ship Research and Development Center in the USA in 1970s, it combined the three existing sustention source: unpowered static lift , powered static lift and dynamic lift onto a new ship in different proportions.

复合船型的概念最早是由美国大卫·泰勒舰船研究发展中心于70年代提出的，它考虑了水面舰船现有的三种升力源：无动力静升力、有动力静升力和动升力，采用不同的比例进行组合，形成一个全新的船型。

Under the condition that lengthway's current velocity is 2.5 m/s,surface gradient is 0.2‰ and slack-water ship speed is 3.0 m/s,the relationship between current resistance and thrust push of the push tug at the transitional reach outside entrance of navigation lock is analyzed,and the requirement that the ratio of displacement tonnage to power should be less than 9.52 t/kW is put forward.

针对枢纽船闸口门外连接段航道，在纵向流速2.5m/s、水面比降0.2‰，以及船队在静水航速3.0m/s的条件下，分析船队推轮推力与水流阻力的关系，提出船队排水量与推轮功率比值应满足≤9.52t/kW的要求。

The experiments results verified the effectiveness of the three degrees freedom input of parallel decoupling rowing driving mechanism and the correctness of the theory analysis about water strider robot in this paper. At last, it appeared that the water stride robot in this paper has good velocity response characteristics, motion flexibility, high rowing efficiency and convenient control.

在上述理论研究基础上，研制仿水黾机器人样机，在实验室环境下对仿水黾机器人进行水面前进、转弯、负重实验，实验结果验证了本文提出的仿水黾机器人三自由度输入并联解耦划水驱动机构的有效性和本文理论分析的正确性，该机器人具有良好的速度响应特性、运动灵活性，划水效率高、控制简单方便。

The U.S. Navy's plan to "Aegis" system and equipment in the entire gas turbine propulsion DD963 class destroyer of the developmental, using the DDG963-class destroyers with the same hull and power plant to reduce development cost and schedule, this program has received congressional approval, this is the "Ticonderoga"(CG47) class cruiser, which became the U.S. Navy for the first time equipped with the "Aegis" system of surface naval vessels.

美海军计划提出把&宙斯盾&系统装备在全燃气轮机推进的DD963级驱逐舰的发展型上，采用与DDG963级驱逐舰相同的船体和动力装置，以降低研制费用和进度，这一计划得到了国会的批准，这就是&提康德罗加&(CG47)级巡洋舰，它成了美海军首次装备&宙斯盾&系统的水面舰种。

This paper reviews and summarizes the progress in this field as follows: the mathematical model and the difficulty of the analytical solutions is introduced; discusses the latest progress of the numerical solutions is discussed; the finite difference method, the Godunov method, the Boltzmann method, and the KFVS method of one-dimensional dam-break problem are introduced; the TVD method, the discontinuous finite element method, the finite volume method and characteristic method of two-dimensional dam-break problem are discussed; the applicability, the advantage and the disadvantage of each method are analyzed; and the progress in the numerical calculations of flow of fluid with free surface are presented.

回顾和总结了国内外对溃坝水流演进问题的研究进展：介绍了溃坝水流的数学模型及解析解法存在的困难，进而讨论了数值解法的最新进展；论述了求解溃坝水流一维问题的有限差分法、近似黎曼解的Godunov格式法、Boltzmann法、KFVS法和二维问题的TVD格式法、间断有限元法、有限体积法、特征线法，并分析了各种方法的适用范围和优缺点，及讨论了限制函数的使用；介绍了利用自由水面追踪方法计算溃坝水流的研究进展，并根据目前存在的不足和实际工程的需要，提出了进一步研究的方向和发展趋势。

The basic concept of FOP can be summarized as to further optimize effective prescription according to the standard of curative effects and with the aid of modern science and technology and theories of traditional Chinese medicine.

其基本内涵可概括为：以确有疗效的中药复方为研究对象，以现代科学技术和传统中医药理论为技术支持，以该复方所治病证的药效响应为评价标准，以优化重组疗效更优的新复方为研究目的。

Ever since our world has been a world, native forests have been indiscriminately exploited by man.

自从我们的世界一直是世界原生森林被任意剥削人。