描述为

In addition, this section provides an update on our progress towards meeting our FY 2008 long-term outcome goals.

另外，这一部分还描述了我们为达成2008财政年度长期目标的进程。

Caption :Coral from the genera Hydrozoanthus, believed to be new to the Galapagos and science.

描述：1 / 11 据信是加拉帕戈斯群岛及科学的新发现——学名为Hydrozoanthus的珊瑚属。

Based on the Saint-venant equations describing the channel flow movement, the nonlinear algebraic equations derived by the use of Preissmann weighted implicit four-point scheme are solved with the Netwon-Raphson method. A combined Gauss main-element elimination method with compress-storage technique is proposed. The relaxation iterative method for solving branch river networks is extended, which can turn the problem of any complex river networks into the problem of a series of single rivers. The coupling of hydraulic model with water quality model is built up. The combined model was applied to a large complicated river networks with numerical hydraulic structure which influenced by strong tide, storm and heave rain. Visualization of computational results is realized by means of MapInfo, which displays the computational results in fast, convenient and accurate way.

水力模型以描述河道洪水波运动的Saint-Venant方程组为基础，用Newton-Raphson方法直接求解按Preissmann加权四点格式进行离散所得的非线性代数方程组，提出了压缩存贮形式的Gauss列主元消去法并对数值解的收敛性进行了讨论；将支流流量的松弛迭代方法从树状河系推广到了环状河网，使任意复杂河网水力计算的问题都可化为一系列的单一河道的水力计算问题；建立了水力模型与水质模型的联接，初步应用于既有洪水、暴雨、强潮等综合影响，又存在多种水工建筑物及水力调度问题的大型复杂河网中的非恒定流水力、水质计算问题；利用MapInfo对计算结果的可视化进行了研究，有利于决策者快速、方便、准确地作出决策。

Chapter 2、When treat propagate problem of high power laser beams, ordinary assume beam to be ideal plane wave or Gaussian. Actually, beams is not ideal Gaussian or plane wave. The reason is that is phase aberraed and intensity nonuniform. In this chapter, we have developed a method on frequency conversion of aberrated beam. Based on statistical optics method and within the limits of thin crystal, we have studies on second harmonic generation of the phase aberrted beam. And the phase aberration is assumed to be a Gaussian random variable.

第二部分：在处理高功率光束传输问题中，通常假设光束为理想平面波或高斯型，而实际光束都不可能是理想的高斯光束或平面波，均会有一定的位相畸变及光强不均匀，本部分从统计光学的观点出发，在薄晶体近似下，建立了具有高斯型随机相位畸变光束倍频转换的一种统计描述方法，并对倍频转换光束的横向空间特性进行了分析。

By using Zernike polynomials to describe the wavefront distortion of beams, the propagation properties of the flattened Gaussian beams, super Gaussian beams, Gaussian beams and plane waves passing through an aberrated lens or an aberrated annular lens are studied based on the generalized Huygens-Fresnel diffraction integral.

以广义惠更斯—菲涅尔衍射理论为基础，采用Zernike多项式描述像差光束畸变波前相位，研究了平顶高斯光束、超高斯光束、高斯光束以及平面波通过像差透镜和环状像差透镜的传输。

In mathematics, it can be boiled down to two equivalent forms of a kind of classical solutions to the general Navier-Stokes Equation of velocity fluctuations.

从数学而言，这一框架的理论基础可归结为描述不可压缩脉动场的Navier-Stokes方程的两个等价形式。

In order to describe the topology relationship of an environment better, a geodesic distance is substituted for a Euclidean distance used in an ordinary Gaussian function and a policy iteration reinforcement learning method based on geodesic Gaussian basis function is proposed.

为更好地描述环境的拓扑关系，采用测地线距离来替换普通高斯函数中的欧氏距离，提出一种基于测地高斯基函数的策略迭代强化学习方法。

First, each shape is represented by the eigenvectors of an appropriately defined affinity matrix based on approximated geodesic distance, forming a spectral embedding which achieves normalization against rigid-body transformations, uniform scaling, and shape articulation (i.e., pose changing). This procedure is called the pose-oblivious transform.

首先，针对每一个形状都基于谱嵌入的方法求得其相应的谱嵌入表示，这里的谱嵌入是基于以近似测地距离为基础构造出的仿射矩阵的特征向量得到的，这一过程称为姿态无关变换，经过这一变换，模型的形状的描述符就具备了刚体变换不变、均匀缩放不变和姿态无关的特性。

By using the multi-year series of the circulation indices P and C for the closed pressure system on the unit radius spherical surface,three characteristic quantities of annual system centers(around the climatological center C-) are defined.1Average distance r,which is defined as the weighted geometric average distance of the annual system centers C deviating from the climatological center C-(i.e.the center location anomaly C′),is a measurement for distribution area of the system...

用单位半径球面上闭合气压系统环流指数P、C的多年序列，构造了历年系统中心在C-周围分布的3个特征量：1平均距离r，它定义为历年系统中心C偏离于气候中心C-的权重几何平均距离，是系统中心分布区域大小的度量；2压缩系数μ，它描述了历年系统中心分布区域偏离于圆形的程度，是历年系统中心位置分布各向异性的度量；3极大异常方向β，它用系统中心极大异常偏离-C处正东方向的角度，给出了系统中心的主要异常方向。

In order to characterize the geometric distribution of aggregate particle, many indexes are developed, such as perimeter, area and orientation of principal axis etc.

为研究集料的形状特征，本文开发了集料形状特征分析系统软件，分别运用二维指标和三维指标描述集料个体的形状特征。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。