描述为

Meanwhile, the shopworn epithet "beautiful", which we can safely identify as a European concept, describing certain qualities in Western art, may yet be applied informally, and objectively, to characterise a piece of Buddhist sculpture, for example, which exhibits the same or similar qualities; but it should be acknowledged that in using it we may be extending the meaning of the concept, and possibly creating further confusion about it.

而同时，如果我们用老掉牙的"美"，这个我们可以安全地甄别为欧洲概念，用来描述西方艺术的某些特点的概念，来描述似乎显示了相似的特点的菩萨雕塑，我们不得不承认，我们可能会制造混乱，延伸了这个概念的外延（对比前面我们关于种族的讨论）。

The model is consisted of five sub-models including process model, infrastructure model, coordination model, behavior model and information model, which provides the means for the description of enterprise entity from different perspectives and implements the enterprise synthetical integration with attributes of polymorphism, overlapping and stereoscope.

该模型包括过程模型、基础设施模型、协同模型、行为模型和信息模型等五个子模型，为从不同侧面对企业实体进行全面描述提供了模型框架和描述手段，体现了企业模型的多态性、交叉性和立体性，实现了企业的综合集成。

In the empirical analysis part, statistical descriptions on the sample funds are made firstly, which show that the actual distribution of each sample fund"s daily net value return possesses the characteristic of leptokurtosis. So it is necessary to add student T distribution and GED to capture such leptokurtosis characteristic other than normal distribution. Secondly, ARCH test shows that there exists volatility clustering in each sample fund"s daily net value return, so GARCH related models should be used to describe such volatility clustering characteristic.

实证分析部分首先对样本基金进行统计描述，得出其收益序列均存在尖峰厚尾特征，不服从正态分布，因此有必要在下面的VaR计算中加入T分布和GED分布来捕捉这种尖峰厚尾特征；并且经ARCH检验后得出收益序列存在明显的波动聚集性的特征，因此可以选择GARCH类模型来描述这种特性，经过模型筛选，得出最适合我国开放式股票型基金的收益波动性模型为GARCH(1，1)模型。

Then, it studies the supply chain management system as a complex system to confirm the state existing during operating of the system. After that, it conducts a probability analysis on the state which the system located by applying supplement variable method, and establishes the model of distributed parameter system in a form of partial differential equations. Combining C0 ? semigroup theory in the functional analysis, it conducts a dynamic analysis on the established mathematical model. Using this method, it obtains the mathematical expression of the dynamic solution and the steady state solution, and proves the uniqueness, non-negativity and the asymptotic stability of the system solution. This dissertation applies the Matlab tool and uses two-step, three-step Simpson integral equation to imitate the condition of system solution. Then, it adds possible mode of failure and the optimization adjustment state to the system, based on which it has established the distributed parameter system model which is described by partial differential system of equations. Combining the functional analysis C0 ? semigroup theory, it studies the established mathematical model, and obtains the mathematical expression of the dynamic solution system and the steady state solution. It has proven the existing of uniqueness of the system solution, the asymptotic stability of system solution and the system solution. In addition, it has lying the theory rationale for further analysis and the research on the optimization of system.

本文首先简要综述了供应链理论、可靠性研究、鲁棒性研究以及供应链鲁棒性研究的现状；然后，将供应链系统作为一个复杂系统来分析，确定了系统运行过程中所经历的状态，通过引入补充变量的方法，建立了用偏微分方程组描述的分布参数系统模型，用泛函分析中的C_0 -半群理论得到了系统动态解和稳态解的数学表达式，证明了系统解存在的唯一性、非负性和指数阶渐近稳定性；并借助Matlab工具，利用二阶、三阶辛普森积分方程模拟系统解的性态，并给出系统动态解的仿真图；本文又对上述系统增加了系统可能失效状态和优化调整状态，并在此基础上建立了用偏微分方程组描述的分布参数系统模型，同样用泛函分析中的C_0 -半群理论对所建立的数学模型进行了研究，得到系统动态解和稳态解的数学表达式，证明了系统动态解存在的唯一性、非负性及渐近稳定性，为进一步分析和研究供应链优化奠定了理论基础。

We use a size changeable adjacent field to describe the topological structure of 3D unorganized points in our algorithm. It can offer essential dynamic information for tessellation and points normal.

算法采用可以控制大小的邻域作为空间散乱数据点的拓扑关系的几何描述，为网格划分和点的法向量的几何描述提供了必要的动态几何信息。

After an overview of translatability study both inside and outside the country, the thesis argues convincingly for translatability from three perspectives: firstly, as language has the capacity to describe both known and unknown things, the denial of translatability presupposes a denial of various languages' potentiality to express the inexpressible; secondly, untranslatability is due to the lack of knowledge on the part of the translator, and so untranslatability is indeed "unknowability"; lastly, untranslatability arises because of the difficulty in translation, and the so-called untranslatability is actually the loss incurred in translation.

本文在梳理了国内与国外关于可译性的观点的基础上，从三个方面论证了翻译的可行性：语言的本质是描述已知或未知的事物，否认翻译的可行性在本质上否定语言具有表达描述未知事物的能力；其次，不可译源自于译者的知识和能力的有限，不可译其实是不可知；第三部分对主要的不可译观点进行了理论剖析，提出不能因为翻译难就将其归为不可译。

The paper is organized as follows. In chapter 2, we introduce some concepts about SEA, the abstract SEA model and the convergence definition of algorithm. In chapter 3, we describe firstly the evolution of PMA as an abstract stochastic process, and by characterizing axiomatically the properties of the fundamental selection and evolution operators, we conclude that PMA is essentially a kind of SEA.

本文结构安排如下：第二章介绍了模拟进化算法的一些基本概念、形式化随机过程描述以及收敛性定义；第三章对改进后的 PMA 各操作作了抽象定义，得到了 PMA 的形式化随机过程描述，并公理化地证明了各操作算子为选择或繁殖算子，从而得出 PMA本质上也是一种模拟进化算法；第四章先对选择算子特征数定义作了适当改进，并通过各进化算子的具体特征数指出，如果 PMA 不采取任何执行策略时，算法本身并不收敛。

In the former representation, if no restrictions are imposed on formulas, then there is no algorithm to realize the reasoning in the resulted knowledge base; in the latter representation, the reasoning in the ontology represented by the description logic is decidable, while in general, for mathematical knowledge described by the first order logic which contains the ontology represented by the description logic, there is no algorithm to realize its reasoning.

在前者的表示中，如果对公式不作任何限制，那么得到的知识库中的推理不是可算法化的；在后者的表示中，以描述逻辑描述的本体中的推理是可算法化的，而以本体为逻辑语言的一部分的一阶逻辑所表示的数学知识中的推理一般是不可算法化的。

By establishing describable indicator information, the unknown or uncertain influence factors of human machine-interface become concrete and describable, making the comprehensive subjective evaluat...

通过建立可以描述的表征信息，将影响人机界面主观评价的未知或非确知因素转化为具体的、可以描述的评价指标，从而使复杂的主观评价问题得以解决。

The research mainly includes:(1) As for some existing problems in simplified graded-evaporation calculation anddescription of catchment impoundage, in the dissertation, taking Dahuofang Runoff Model foran example, the function of membership grade was used to fuzzily describe the evaporationand impoundage. It can solve parameter sensitivity resulted from original graded-evaporationcalculation and get a reasonable evaporation result.

主要研究内容和成果如下：(1)对产流模型中采用分级简化计算蒸发和流域蓄水容量描述存在的问题，以大伙房模型为例，首先利用隶属度函数对蒸发和蓄水容量进行模糊描述，解决了原分级计算导致蒸发参数敏感，蒸发量计算不合理的问题。

The split between the two groups can hardly be papered over.

这两个团体间的分歧难以掩饰。

This approach not only encourages a greater number of responses, but minimizes the likelihood of stale groupthink.

这种做法不仅鼓励了更多的反应，而且减少跟风的可能性。