推理

Traditionally, syllogism is the basic form of legal reasoning in continental countries.

大陆法系的法律传统，以三段论推理为法律推理的基本形式。

A pure hypothetical syllogism consists of two premises and one conclusion, all of which are hypothetical statements.

假言推理的第二个前提和结论的肯定否定一致。而选言推理则相反。

The reason of law is more than serious syllogism, and the dealing of different cases is eventually based on the combination of reason and emotion.

法律推理也并非是严格的三段论推理，法律的发现与案件的格式化处理始终是在理性与感性的交融中发生。

Defining the problem. Firstly, two important concepts------judicialreasoning and the explanation of law ------are introduced. After that,law-applying process is examined by way of syllogistic argument. Hence, the work of this paper is determined: to analyze the law-applying process on 3 phrases cognizanting of the facts, interpreting of law and making judicial judgment; to define the mission of Logic concerning the difficulties of AI in Law System, and therefore to introduce my understanding of the main task of logic in 21st Century: problematic reasoning.

首先解释了本文所使用的两个重要概念：法律推理和法律解释，而后以三段论的方式考察了法律适用的过程，最后说明本文所要作的工作：在事实认定，法律解释，司法判决三个阶段上以逻辑的手段分析法律适用是如何进行的；逻辑和法律的新的契合点——人工智能法律系统所面临的困境给逻辑学规定了什么样的任务，并由此提出我所理解的逻辑学在21世纪的研究重点：或然性推理。

Aristotle not only invented syllogistic reasoning but also gave such a thorough analysis of the subject-predicate relation and all syllogistic forms that this method, now called deductive logic, has virtually remained unchanged to this day.

亚里斯多德不仅发明了三段论推理的方法，还极为彻底地研究了这种命题-推断模式，掌握了三段论推理过程的所有形式。直到今天，这种方法依然维持着最初的状况，我们现在称其为演绎逻辑。

The results indicated that:(1) There was a distinct difference in the same syllogistic inference(MP、DA、AC、MT)of three concrete propositions and in every concrete proposition s four syllogistic inferences(MP、DA、AC、MT).

结果表明：(1)对同一年级而言，不同内容的条件命题的相同推理(MP、MT、DA、AC)之间表现出显著的差异；对不同年级而言，相同内容的条件命题的四种推理之间也存在显著的差异。

On the basis of the many-valued logics tableau reasoning,an automated reasoning expansion method based on set sign is presented.

在多值逻辑Tableau推理的基础上，提出了一种基于集合符号的自动推理扩展方法。

Present sound and complete decision Tableaux for above fuzzy implications.

指出Yager提出的推理规则对其所讨论的模糊推理关系是不完备的。

A kind of description logic tableaux based satisfiability reasoning algorithm for FALNUI is presented,and the correctness of the satisfiability reasoning algorithm is proved.

FALNUI的tableaux推理算法为模糊ER模型的可满足性、冗余性和包含关系等自动推理的实现提供了理论基础。

This paper has used D-S evidence reasoning algorithm to solve lacking of telemeter data in diagnosis process.

针对诊断监控数据有限这一问题，采用D-S证据推理算法将卫星接收专家经验融合至推理过程。

Shop assistant: Please check at the door.

店员：请您到门口柜台交费。

In the end, transportation of PAHs in the environmental matrix was preliminarily investigated and discussed according to PAHs data of soils and sediments from a certain region in Shanghai. The result indicated that there are two or more pathways on PAHs transportation in the environmental matrix.

最后，对上海特定地区内PAHs在环境介质中的迁移径途进行了分析讨论，结果表明上海市土壤和沉积物等环境介质中PAHs的迁移存在多种途径。