推定

Part Four concerns the application in trial practice of such systems as self-admission, judicial attestation, court pre-decision, and factual deduction in proof-free system, and for whose improvement, the paper at the same time offers some ideas and suggestions.

第四部分对免证制度中的自认、司法认知、法院预决事实、事实推定等制度在审判实践中的运用进行探讨和对完善该制度提出设想和建议。

If this is the case, a sample from the child and the putative father are essential, with a sample from the mother being desirable but not essential.

如果是这种情况，样品从儿童和推定的父亲是必不可少的，从一个样品的母亲正在可取的，但并非必不可少的。

In comparison with court trials, administrative adjudications generally are governed by liberal evidentiary rules that create a strong presumption in favor of admitting questionable or challenged evidence.

和法院审判相比较，行政裁断一般受自由的证据规则支配。依此规则，常常造成很强烈的足以接受可疑的或受到质疑的证据的推定。

And, during that era, besides presumption of fault, new systems emerged, such as rigid distribution of responsibility, distribution of responsibility with no fault, just distribution of responsibility, responsibility insurance, society guarantee, etc., which can all be regarded as the dissatisfactions to old tort law.

因为过错推定没有打破传统侵权法的理论和制度体系，完全继承了传统侵权法的合理性因素，同时，又尽可能地实现了人们对侵权结果的期望。

But deduce , also affect from entering into a certain relationship with the assignment to onus probandi.

而推定、自认亦影响到举证责任的分配。

Clerics in the subdiaconate and above and also those in minor orders , if they are supported by ecclesiastical revenues, should not presume to become advocates in legal matters before a secular judge, unless they happen to be defending their own case or that of their church, or acting on behalf of the helpless who cannot conduct their own cases.

教士在subdiaconate及以上，并在未成年人的命令，如果他们支持的教会收入，不应当推定成为主张在法律事项前一个世俗的法官，除非他们碰巧是捍卫自己的案件或其教堂，或代理代表无助谁不能进行自己的案件。

Two black marble discs at its sides indicate the presumed positions of the malefactors' crosses.

两个黑色大理石光碟在双方表明立场，推定该malefactors '十字架。

Chapter six is about jurisdictions over matrimonial causes and succession matters. It expounds jurisdictions over matrimonial causes (including the divorce, nullity and judicial separation, presumption of death and dissolution of marriage, declarations of status, financial relief, and polygamous marriages), family disputes (including the guardianship and custody, adoption, legitimacy, legitimation and mental disorder) as well as succession matters (including administration of estates and succession).

第六章为婚姻家庭案件及继承案件管辖权，阐述了婚姻诉讼案件管辖权（包括离婚、司法别居或者婚姻无效诉讼的管辖权，死亡推定和婚姻解除的管辖权，身份宣告的管辖权，经济扶助和扶养管辖权和多配偶婚姻问题）、家庭案件管辖权（包括监护和保佐管辖权、收养管辖权、婚生地位宣告的管辖权、准正的管辖权和对精神失常者的管辖权）以及继承案件的管辖权（包括批准遗产代理的管辖权和继承管辖权）。

Based on thisconclusion,the author makes an attempt to explain the effects of presumptions onthe Burden of Proof in china.

在这个基础上，本文试图从一个新的角度来诠释我国推定对举证责任产生的影响。

Finally, the comparison of the flow fields of viscous liquid sloshing in a rectangle tank with a baffle and those without baffle emulated by ALE finite element method show that one important form of the "drag" that the baffle applying to the liquid is vortex.

同时， 通过ALE有限元数值仿真，对储箱内无隔板和有隔板情况下的黏性流体晃动做了比较，初步推定隔板对液体晃动的''滞阻''的一个重要表现形式为涡耗散。

However, as the name（read－only memory）implies, CD disks cannot be written onorchanged in any way.

然而，正如其名字所指出的那样，CD盘不能写，也不能用任何方式改变其内容。

Galvanizes steel pallet is mainly export which suits standard packing of European Union, the North America. galvanizes steel pallet is suitable to heavy rack. Pallet surface can design plate type, corrugated and the gap form, satisfies the different requirements.

镀锌钢托盘多用于出口，替代木托盘，免薰蒸，符合欧盟、北美各国对出口货物包装材料的法令要求；喷涂钢托盘适用于重载上货架之用，托盘表面根据需要制作成平板状、波纹状及间隔形式，满足不同的使用要求。