控制理论

This thesis dedicated to research the investment control of BT project, researched the risk in the program construction, the compose portion and the factors effecting the investment. The research includes the conception and the character of the BT project; the actualize process and the questions should be pay attention to; the conditions of BT contract and the sector of the compose poison of the contract price. In this part researched the conception of the BT purchase price and concluded that the relation between the purchase price and the investment. Then studied the risk factors that effect the investment according to the character of the project and then brought forward several advices of the contract item about how to share the risk. Studied compose sector and it's calculatingly methods of the construction cost which is the main part of the investment, then studied how to control the cost during the construct process and analyzed project variations as well as how control that. In the end, researched the capital cost of BT program, the main content include the concept of the capital cost, the calculatingly methods using the engineering economic method, the method writer suggest in the thesis according to the project practice, how to control the capital cost, mainly through setting up an account and inspecting it, and regulating the program financing rate in reason.

本论文的研究重点即BT项目的投资控制，围绕该问题，本论文的主要研究内容有，从BT模式和BT项目的基本分析开始，研究了BT模式的基本概念、BT项目的运作过程、基本特征；研究了BT项目的合同条件和合同价款，该部分分析了BT项目的合同结构、BT项目的承发包工作范围、BT项目的回购价款组成和确定；根据项目建设特征分析了影响BT项目投资的风险因素，并且提出了在对风险进行分配和分担类合同条款制定时建议；建设工程费用是构成BT投资的主体费用，本文对其各组成部分的基本构成、计算方式进行了分析，研究了实施过程中管理控制和工程变更及变更控制的问题；文章的最后对构成BT项目投资的资金成本进行了探讨，分析了资金成本的概念和形成，运用工程经济学的基本理论分析了资金成本各部分的基本计算方式，依据现有的工程实践情况提出了本文建议的计算方式，最后分析了如何对资金成本进行控制――主要通过设立资金账户对其进行监管以及对项目融资的利率进行合理规定。

Based on the computer vision method, we have proposed use of a nonlinear rotational observer and a linear translational observer to estimate the relative motion rate; To ensure the completement of the spacecraft docking task, we have also proposed a new nonlinear control csheme for attitude control and a linear control scheme for orbit control.

针对具体的测量手段，提出了一种非线性观测器来重构出相对姿态变化；为了保证对接任务的完成，提出了一种新的姿态控制的非线性控制方案及轨道控制的线性控制方案，在理论上分析了其稳定性。

To simulate the steady removal VOC waste gas degradation parallel plat plates theoretical model, the result shows that the toluene removal efficiency curse can track the dentiform and sine wave reference curves and five-step predictive control can track reference curve closely compared with one step predictive control.

并对稳态的生物膜滴滤床降解甲苯净化效率的平行平板通道理论模型进行了多步预测控制的仿真研究，得到结果是，基于神经网络的预测控制能使得甲苯降解效率跟踪参考的齿形轨迹和正弦轨迹，五步预测控制较一步预测控制更能较好的逼近跟踪轨迹。

In aim at the complicity and high-dimensional state-space for the controlled system, it simplifies the calculation of geometric polytope by optimize with ellipsoidal approximate techniques, and the robust control effectiveness near to the optimal.

本论文所提示的基于几何理论的约束非线性控制算法是建立在最大输出允许集合的基础上，运用状态空间的有界子集表达鲁棒时优离散时间控制问题的价值函数，通过逆序计算该价值函数的水平集合，求得其所需的控制量，针对被控系统的复杂性及高维状态空间问题，运用椭球近似技术予以优化，使得几何多面体的计算得以简化，且鲁棒控制效果接近最优。

In this paper ,the comparison and analysis of landfill gas migration simulation are presented in assumptions of with landfill gas control system and without landfill gas control system ,and the optimal pumpage of gas pumping well is calculated ,thus the ratio of landfill gas collection is given correspondingly.

利用本数值模型对无控制系统和有控制系统时释放气体运移进行了对比模拟分析，给出了有水平气体控制系统时的优化排气量并得出相应的释放气体收集率，可为填埋场释放气体控制系统的设计及环境影响预测和评价提供理论依据。

The fourth part is aiming at regulating the transactions between the controlling shareholders and the company. The author first expounds on the theoreticalfoundations of such regulation--the principle of shareholder equality and thefiduciary duties of the controlling shareholder. Then he compares the three different modes of legislation concerning the regulations on the transactions between the controlling shareholder and the company. After that ,the author concludes that we can borrow from the USA and Germany their relevant institutions. That is, disapplying the rule of exclusion of voting rights of the controlling shareholder, perfecting the recission system of the decision of the shareholders meeting and the rule of shifting the burden of production of proof. The author thinks that the adoption of those measures will achieve a reasonable balance between the efficiency and fairness of the RPT with the controlling shareholder.

第四部分针对控制股东与上市公司的关联交易，首先论述了规制此类交易的公司法理论基础——股东平等原则和控制股东诚信义务，接着在对美国、德国和韩国三国相关规制模式进行了比较之后，认为我国可以借鉴美国和德国的相关制度，取消控制股东在关联交易决议中的表决回避制度，并辅以股东大会决议撤销制度的完善、交易公平性的举证责任转换制度的采纳和损害赔偿制度的设立，以确保控制股东与上市公司的关联交易能够在效率和公平之间达到合理平衡。

A measurement scheme is proposed by theoretical analyzing and experiment, which is a mutidiscipline method relating to optics, precision mechanism, electronics, computer science and control technology. In the designing of the controller, a fourfold phase photoelectric battery is used as the photoelectric incepted sensor, an ADuC812 chip is used to sample data and a incomplete numeric differential PID arithmetic is adopted in the control system.

通过理论分析和试验研究，设计了一套涉及光学、精密机械、电子、计算机和自动控制等多学科技术的测量控制方案，建立了以光电池为光斑位置信号检测传感器，采用ADuC812数据采集芯片进行数据采集和不完全微分数字PID控制算法的跟踪测量控制系统，通过跟踪测量实验验证了这种方法的可行性。

The model of control system under voltage regulation mode on excitation system of synchronous generator is introduced,theoretical analysis and experimental study is then conducted for studying the control scheme of excitation,parallelling and improving the stability of grid,using high precision simulation software – Saber Designer.

本文首先建立了同步发电机励磁控制系统电压调节模式下的控制系统模型，并应用新型高精度数模混合仿真软件Saber Designer对该模型进行理论分析与仿真验证，对励磁控制系统的起励、并网切换及改善电力系统工作稳定性的控制策略进行了研究。

This article is Qingdao Development Zone Xuejiadao farmers rehousing the entire process of cost control for the study, from investors - the perspective of the owners, under the control of project management costs of the theory, use of construction ways of thinking, from the resettlement of peasants .The project investment decision-making, planning, bidding, construction management, billing, and so the completion of several stages of a comprehensive regulatory costs, the project's construction cost control within the investment plans to ensure that the resettlement of the farmers for the smooth completion of other farmers The development and construction of the resettlement provided a reference.

本文是以青岛开发区薛家岛农民安置房全过程造价控制为研究对象，站在投资者的角度，根据项目管理成本控制的有关理论，运用工程建设的思维方法，从农民安置房项目的投资决策、规划设计、招投标、施工管理、竣工结算等几个阶段进行造价控制，使该项目的工程造价控制在投资限额以内，保证了农民安置房项目的顺利竣工，对其他农民安置房的建设提供了借鉴。

On the background of city and country space, on the basis of the ecosystem relations and plan theory (such as societal or economical sense theory), the concepts of city and country eco-planning in this thesis emphasized on the space planning combinated nature ecosystem. It was redound the relation between construction and entironment to be more harmonious on the background of market economy. The theory starts with the relation between development and environment. It applied itself to scheme the land and space resources with eco-cyb emetics.

论文中提出的城乡空间生态规划理论就是以城市与乡村整体空间为背景，以各种城乡生态关系为依据，在经济理性、社会理性等各种规划理论的基础上，强调物质空间建设与自然生态协同发展的空间规划，以期达到在以市场经济为主导的背景下更好地实现城乡建设与生态环境和谐的目的；是从城乡互动过程角度与环境的关系等方面进行辨识，沿用生态控制等理论与手法，对城乡空间资源进行配置的理论与方法。

Breath, muscle contraction of the buttocks; arch body, as far as possible to hold his head, right leg straight towards the ceiling (peg-leg knee in order to avoid muscle tension).

呼气，收缩臀部肌肉；拱起身体，尽量抬起头来，右腿伸直朝向天花板（膝微屈，以避免肌肉紧张）。

The cost of moving grain food products was unchanged from May, but year over year are up 8%.

粮食产品的运输费用与5月份相比没有变化，但却比去年同期高8％。