控制元件

The dissertation presents a mathematical modeling approach for the high-speed flexible linkage mechanisms equipped with bonded piezoelectric sensing/actuating elements employing a mixed variational approach with Hamilton's principle in conjunction with the finite element formulation. This model includes both the terms coupling the elastic and rigid-body motions of linkage mechanisms and the terms coupling the elastodynamics and piezoelectricity of the elements, incorporating their effects upon the mass and stiffness matrices which are in general non-symmetric.

本文以国家自然科学基金资助项目《弹性连杆机构有害振动的主、被动控制及混合控制研究》（资助号：59605001）和广东省自然科学基金项目《开链及闭链机构有害振动控制研究》（资助号：970381）为依托，对高速弹性连杆机构振动的主动控制中的建模、求解、控制律的选择、作动/传感元件的优化以及实验研究等几个关键问题进行了比较深入细致的研究，取得了一些具有重要理论意义和重大实际应用价值的成果。

In the design of automatic control system for isomerization unit from heptane tower of PX devices, single-loop control is used in the control programme. There is a total of 11 circuit , of which is 8 single-loop control system and 3 cascade control system. It has done the choice and relevant calculation on the controller, control valves and measurement devices used in the control system. There is a total of eight chapters in this design.

在对PX装置异构化单元脱庚烷塔自动控制系统进行设计时，控制方案基本采用单回路控制，总共有11个设计回路，其中单回路控制系统8个，串级控制系统3个，并对控制系统所要用到的控制器，控制阀和测量元件等进行了选择且进行了相关的计算。

Because of the strong non-linearity of the systems themselves and the addition of the resonant components, the modeling of these system becomes difficult, its effect sometimes is unideal even invalid that applying conventional controlling methods. The strategy of fuzzy control needn't constituting mathematics model and control the system based on control experience completely, fuzzy control is fit for controlling the systems of non-linear and uncertain.

但是由于这些系统本身严重的非线性、时变不确定性以及谐振元件的加入，使得系统数学模型很难建立，应用传统的控制方法有时效果不理想甚至是无效的，而模糊控制策略无需建立精确数学模型，是在控制经验基础上实现对系统进行控制，适合对非线性及不确定性系统进行有效控制。

The equipment can compensates reactive and eliminate harmonic incurrent of distribution network, the main topology of equipment includes an inverter circuit and a DC capacitance.

因为配网侧电压相对较低，电路中可以采用开关速度高的IGBT作为开关元件，控制方式可采用直接电流控制，本文介绍的单周控制有源电力滤波器本质就是属于直接电流控制方法的范围。

According to the definition and the distribution of VSR's voltage space vector, the introduction of a rule-based SVPWM current control strategy, with non-fixed switching frequency and dual hysteresis loops, that obviously improves the performance of current control. Based on two kinds of control strategies of VSR under unbalanced grid condition, the introduction of a new VSR control strategy featuring undamped-oscillation that simplifies the controller structure and effectively improves VSR's performance under unbalanced grid condition. A systematic description of the state switching in trilogic PWM signal generation of threephase CSR by using the conversion between bilogic and trilogic switching functions.

作者在如下工作的基础上对PWM整流器的一些关键问题提出了自己的研究思路、观点和方法：根据PWM整流器网侧矢量关系，直观地描述了其四象限运行的基本原理及特征；定量分析了VSR、CSR的PWM换相过程及波形特征；引入等效变压器模型并详细分析了VSR、CSR基于d—q模型的动、静态特性；提出了满足四象限有功、无功运行指标时的VSR交流侧电感设计方法；并提出了依据控制系统跟随性和抗扰性性能指标设计VSR、CSR直流侧储能元件的参数计算方法；在研究了VSR电流控制策略基础上，提出了影响VSR电流控制的几个要素，并进行了定量分析；根据VSR空间电压矢量的定义及分布，提出了基于规则控制的不定频滞环空间矢量PWM电流控制策略，并由此提出了具有双滞环特性的不定频滞环优化SVPWM电流控制策略，有效地改进了滞环PWM电流控制性能。

Firstly, this paper analyzes the transmission style of diving machine in detail and selects hydrostatic transmission as transmission manner of Heavy Engineering Transporter. Then we analyze the principle of hydrostatic transmission, control style of hydraulic components and the basic driving theory of transporter and pay attention to solve the problems of driving speed-regulation control when transporter runs on different road surface and differential speed control ensured every wheels pure roll when transporter is in swerving.

接着分析了静液压传动的液压原理、静液压传动液压元件的控制方式和汽车行驶理论基础，主要解决了以下控制问题：(1)车辆在不同工况下行驶时，选择不同速度的整车调速控制；(2)车辆转弯时，为确保车轮实现纯滚动，而使各驱动轮按设定规律运动的差速控制；(3)车辆从一坡度过度到另外一坡度时，使每个驱动桥实现同步的桥间差速控制。

Also, by using a novel offset architecture, as opposed to completely overlapped architecture, for the differential transmission pair, a 33% reduction of thickness is achieved in the design of a miniaturized common-mode filter with multi-layer LTCC technology. In view of increasing need of high-speed clock and data circuits to control their skew problems, a design of LTCC delay line is then conducted. To improve the waveform distortion associated with the microstrip/stripline-type meander delay line, a miniaturized high-frequency 3-D delay line with grounded guard traces is introduced. By means of 3-D structure, the 233 ps delay time, which requires extra board space amounting to a factor of 2.34 by stripline type meander delay line, can be shrunk into an EIA 1206 form factor.

为因应高速时脉及高速线路的不断发展，用於控制讯号、时脉同步的延迟线路需求日益增加，接著讨论的题目便是应用低温共烧陶瓷制程技术设计多层的延迟线路元件，为了改善在微带线/带线型折线式延迟线路波形失真的问题，论文中提出以接地的防护线来设计小型化的三维多层延迟线路元件，比较应用带线型折线式延迟线路和应用三维架构设计的延迟线路元件，同样提供233 ps的延迟时间，多层架构设计之延迟线路可缩小至EIA 1206 的尺寸，省下2.34倍的电路板面积。

Fully automatic burn free block machine adopt PLC control system, it can set the various actions through adjust the flow, press etc technique parameters by touch screen,, achieve machine-human talking, the control system mainly included three units,(1) fully automatic batching and mixing control system (2) brick forming machine, pallets transferring control system (3) stacking block machine control system

全自动砌块成型免烧砖机PLC控制系统；切块成型机的全过程采用PLC智能控制，可通过触摸屏设定各个动作的流量、压力等技术参数，实现理想的人机对话。控制系统主要包括3个控制单元组成：（1）配料搅拌全自动程序控制系统，（2）成型主机、运输板机、升、卸板机自动程序控制系统，(3)码垛机控制系统。本系统的电器元件均为进口的品牌产品，如日本三菱、欧姆龙、德国西门子等，性能可靠，故障率低。

Moreover, it is not necessary to care about the selection of the initial value of UPFC's control variables.

对UPFC元件的控制线路潮流的能力进行静态分析，并讨论当系统中存在多个UPFC元件时，各元件对线路潮流调节范围的相互影响。

The water heater shall have a self-diagnostic control that monitors and indicates power on, no power or control failure, start-up failure, high-limit operation, sensor failure, defective upper element, or defective lower element.

这种热水器应该配置自诊断控制装置，能够监控和显示通电、停电、控制装置故障、启动故障、高温运行、感应器故障、上部加热元件或下部加热元件故障等状态。

Neither the killing of Mr Zarqawi nor any breakthrough on the political front will stop the insurgency and the fratricidal murders in their tracks.

在对危险的南部地区访问时，他斥责什叶派民兵领导人对中央集权的挑衅行为。

In fact,I've got him on the satellite mobile right now.

实际上 我们已接通卫星可视电话了