换相

The writer thinks existing major problems:1、The confusion Produces by the same plant have the different name、the different plant have the same name、think the typeface meaning just the righteousness,even fabricate without basis etc; 2、Because dont understand living creature type and adaptability in the depth of the water for the plants , A great deal of aquatic plants death;3、In planting design, so much express of plants specification ,and many of them are disobey with biology characteristic, so the plants are hard for purchase or the result is very bad after plant; 4、Plant density more than 100 times or less than several decuples of normal.

作者认为存在的主要问题有：1、植物名称同物异名、同名异物、望文成义，甚至凭空捏造等等产生的混乱；2、植物生物型和水深适应性不了解造成的种植水深不符植物习性，从而使大量水生植物死亡；3、种植设计中，苗木规格的表述不妥，许多表述与植物的生物学特性相违背，造成苗木难以采购或种植后效果极差；4、种植密度严重偏大或偏小，偏大的大于正常的100多倍，小的则少几十倍螺旋板换热器。

In this dissertation, at first, the history and present situation of the research related to overheating is reviewed, and then the research works are carried out in following aspects the calculation of radiative properties of coal combustion, the solution of radiative transfer equation in absorbing-scattering media, the analyses of combined heat transfer processes in flue side, the computation method of steam temperature deviation of superheaters and reheaters and the inversion method of their wall metallic temperature in furnace, the numerical simulation of gas-solid two-phase flow, combustion and heat transfer in furnace, the measurement of outlet steam temperature of superheaters and reheaters, engineering reformation of overheating and optimum design of superheaters and reheaters, etc.

本文在综述了与过热器和再热器超温问题有关的研究历史与现状的基础上，在煤粉燃烧产物辐射特性的计算、含散射问题的辐射传递方程的求解、过热器和再热器烟气侧对流与辐射复合换热及汽温偏差的计算和炉内金属壁温的反演、炉内气固两相流动、燃烧、传热过程的数值模拟、过热器再热器炉外出口汽温的测量、过热器再热器超温问题的工程改造及设备的优化设计等方面进行了研究。

The radiative properties of syngas mixture were calculated by weighted-sum-of-gray-gases model. The Ranz- Marshall correlation for Nusselt number was used to account for convection heat transfer between gas phase and particles. The discrete ordinates model was used for modeling of the radiative heat transfer, and the effect of ash/slag particles on radiative heat transfer was considered.

温度场计算肘基于灰气体加权和模型与离散坐标法相结合的方法求解热辐射方程，同时考虑了煤渣颗粒的热辐射和散射影响，利用Ranz-Marshall关系式计算气固相间对流换热作用。

The quasi steady state analytical method is used to calculate the temperature in the heat structure.

用集总参数法来计算热传导；在正常的工况下，用含两个传热区的两相对流传热模型，计算流体与管壁间的换热。

In order to verify the accuracy of heat transfer coefficient,2D nonlinear finite element axisymmetric model is established by the means of finite element software MSC.Marc, which is utilized to simulate the transient temperature field coupled with phase transformation process and nonlinear synthetic surface heat transfer coefficient of several typical steels in the different quenchants.

Marc作为模拟平台，建立了淬火过程二维非线性有限元模型，模拟淬火过程中的瞬态温度场，在模拟过程中以多种常用钢在不同淬火介质中的非线性表面综合换热系数为边界条件，同时耦合了相变过程的影响。

The physical character of the super-critical hydrogen in the regenerative cooling channel is studied : started with the physical character of the super-critical hydrogen , using the method of least square , figuring out the state equation which is applicable to the state from liquid to the super-critical in the super-critical pressure , the constrained convection and the heat transfer in the super-critical channel are simulated using the equation , the results of the simulation are identical with the experiment in the same condition .

对再生冷却通道内的超临界氢的物性进行了研究：从超临界氢物性的实验结果入手，用最小二乘法拟合出适用于超临界压力下氢由液态过渡到超临界态的状态方程，并利用该方程对超临界氢管内强迫对流换热进行了数值仿真，仿真结果与相同条件下实验结果相一致。

It has been put forward that there exists single Ball point and double Ball points on the symmetrical connecting-rod curves of equilateral mechanisms.

从鲍尔点的形成原理出发，分析对称连杆曲线上鲍尔点的产生条件，提出等边机构的对称连杆曲线上有单鲍尔点和双鲍尔点。

The factory affiliated to the Group primarily manufactures multiple-purpose pincers, baking kits, knives, scissors, kitchenware, gardening tools and beauty care kits as well as other hardware tools, the annual production value of which reaches US$ 30 million dollars.

集团所属工厂主要生产多用钳、烤具、刀具、剪刀、厨具、花园工具、美容套等五金产品，年生产总值3000万美元，产品价廉物美、选料上乘、质量保证，深受国内外客户的青睐